scholarly journals Design of Streaming Data Transmission Using Rolling Shutter Camera-Based Optical Camera Communications

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1561
Author(s):  
Byung Wook Kim ◽  
Jong-Ho Yoo ◽  
Sung-Yoon Jung
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Streaming Data ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Communication Performance ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Fragmented Data

This paper addresses a method to transmit streaming data via rolling shutter camera-based optical camera communications (OCC). Since the amount of data that can be contained within one frame is limited, and the continuity of received data cannot be guaranteed due to OCC environmental variations, we introduce the concept of dividing the streaming data into several fragmented sets that are transmitted sequentially. We propose a superframe to contain sequential packets of fragmented data and corresponding indices, so that sequential packets for streaming data can be continuously collected. When redundant frame transmission is considered, any packet lost due to OCC environmental conditions can be recovered. Experimental results show that the proposed method can be successfully used to transmit streaming data, with the number of redundant frames required to acquire all data packets based on image resolution. In addition, we describe how to identify missing packets from a network point of view to reduce the number of redundant frames needed to acquire all the data. This paper presents baseline results of communication performance when sending streaming data via a rolling shutter-based OCC.

scholarly journals Design of Streaming Data Transmission Using Rolling Shutter Camera-based Optical Camera Communications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Wook Kim ◽  
Jong Ho Yoo ◽  
Sung-Yoon Jung
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Streaming Data ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Communication Performance ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Fragmented Data

This paper addresses a method to transmit streaming data via rolling shutter camera-based optical camera communications (OCC). Since the amount of data that can be contained within one frame is limited, and the continuity of received data cannot be guaranteed due to OCC environmental variations, we introduce the concept of dividing the streaming data into several fragmented sets that are transmitted sequentially. We propose a superframe to contain sequential packets of fragmented data and corresponding indexes, so that sequential packets for streaming data can be continuously collected. When redundant frame transmission is considered, any packet lost due to OCC environmental conditions can be recovered. Experimental results show that the proposed method can be successfully used to transmit streaming data, with the number of redundant frames required to acquire all data packets based on image resolution. In addition, we describe how to identify missing packets from a network point of view to reduce the number of redundant frames needed to acquire all the data. This paper presents baseline results of communication performance when sending streaming data via a rolling shutter-based OCC.

REPRESENTAÇÃO MULTIESCALAR DO AMBIENTE GEOMORFOLÓGICO DA PRAIA DAS FONTES – CEARÁ

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1217-1233
Author(s):  
Filipe Maciel De Moura ◽  
Antônio Rodrigues Ximenes Neto ◽  
Adryane Gorayeb ◽  
Davis Pereira De Paula ◽  
Fábio Perdigão Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Coastal Geomorphology ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Morphological System

A planície costeira brasileira, em especial a do Nordeste do Brasil, apresenta um sistema morfológico que sofre diversas pressões do ponto de vista do uso e ocupação dos seus espaços. Logo, o entendimento da dinâmica natural e espacial desse ambiente requer a adoção de metodologias que contemplem uma abordagem em múltiplas escalas. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem o intuito de analisar as múltiplas morfologias associadas a praia das Fontes, em Beberibe-CE, em diferentes escalas taxonômicas. Esta análise auxiliou na realização de um prognostico das condições ambientais e de sua capacidade de suporte. Metodologicamente aplicou-se a proposta de Bertrand (1971), adotando-se apenas as unidades inferiores que inclui os níveis taxonômicos regionais e/ou locais, compreendendo os geossistemas, geofáciese os geótopos. Os resultados alcançados foram satisfatórios, uma vez que as unidades mapeadas foram validadas em atividades de campo para reconhecimento do produto cartográfico.Palavras-chave: Análise Multiescalar. Geomorfologia Costeira. Formação Barreiras. ABSTRACTThe Brazilian coastal plain, especially in the Northeast of Brazil, presents a morphological system that undergoes several pressures from the point of view of the use and occupation of its spaces. Therefore, the understanding of the natural and spatial dynamics of this environment requires the adoption of methodologies that contemplate a multi-scale approach. In this sense, this work has the purpose of analyzing the multiple morphologies associated to Praia das Fontes, in Beberibe-CE, at different taxonomic scales. This analysis assisted in the accomplishment of a prognosis of the environmental conditions and their support capacity. Methodologically Bertrand's (1972) proposal was applied, adopting only the lower units that includes regional and / or local taxonomic levels, including geosystems, geophysics and geo-objects. The results were satisfactory, since the mapped units were validated in field activities to recognize the cartographic product.Keywords: Multiscalar Analysis. Coastal Geomorphology. Training Barriers. RESUMENLa llanura costera brasileña, especialmente en el noreste de Brasil, tiene un sistema morfológico que sufre varias presiones desde el punto de vista del uso y la ocupación de sus espacios. Por lo tanto, comprender la dinámica natural y espacial de este entorno requiere la adopción de metodologías que incluyan un enfoque de múltiples escalas. En este sentido, este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las múltiples morfologías asociadas a la playa de Fontes, en Beberibe-CE, en diferentes escalas taxonómicas. Este análisis ayudó a hacer una predicción de las condiciones ambientales y su capacidad de carga. Metodológicamente, se aplicó la propuesta de Bertrand (1971), adoptando solo las unidades inferiores, que incluyen niveles taxonómicos regionales y / o locales, incluidos los geosistemas, geofacies y geotopos. Los resultados obtenidos fueron satisfactorios, ya que las unidades mapeadas fueron validadas en actividades de campo para el reconocimiento de productos cartográficos.Palabras clave: Análisis multiescala. Geomorfología costera. Barreras de entrenamiento.

Die intrinsische Systemreaktion des tribologisch beanspruchten Schmierfettes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Observation Point ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Research Paradigm ◽  
Lubricating Grease ◽  
New Research

This article deals with the observed reactions of a lubricating grease to tribological stress. An attempt is made to find the driving forces describe that are responsible for the intrinsic response. From these considerations, a new research paradigm is derived that leaves the traditional observation point of view. The investigations are illustrated with experimental results.

Dynamic Analysis of a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Under Extreme Environmental Conditions

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Utsunomiya ◽  
Shigeo Yoshida ◽  
Hiroshi Ookubo ◽  
Iku Sato ◽  
Shigesuke Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Aerodynamic Force ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbine

This paper is concerned with the development of a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine (FOWT) utilizing spar-type floating foundation. In order to design such a structure, it is essential to evaluate the dynamic response under extreme environmental conditions. In this study, therefore, a dynamic analysis tool has been developed. The dynamic analysis tool consists of a multi-body dynamics solver (MSC.Adams), aerodynamic force evaluation library (NREL/AeroDyn), hydrodynamic force evaluation library (In-house program named SparDyn), and mooring force evaluation library (In-house program named Moorsys). In this paper, some details of the developed dynamic analysis tool are given. In order to validate the program, comparison with the experimental results, where the wind, current and wave are applied simultaneously, has been made. The comparison shows that satisfactory agreements between the simulation and the experimental results are obtained. However, when VIM (Vortex Induced Motion) occurs, the current loads and cross flow responses (sway and roll) are underestimated by the simulation since the simulation code does not account for the effect of VIM.

UNEXPECTED BEHAVIOR IN THE CROSSING OF MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL BEAMS

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (27) ◽  
pp. 1403-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. ALLARIA ◽  
R. MEUCCI ◽  
D. MUGNAI ◽  
A. RANFAGNI ◽  
C. RANFAGNI
Keyword(s):  
Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Light Velocity ◽  
Broken Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Optical Beams ◽  
Definite Solution ◽  
Unexpected Behavior

The question of the superluminal speed of information was stopped at crossroads in the last few years. According to one point of view, this speed must be limited to the light velocity in vacuum, whereas a different point of view is more open in this respect and, under specific conditions, this limit is considered surmountable. Very recently, a third approach (based on the hypothesis of a local broken Lorentz-invariance) was proposed and, if confirmed, would go beyond the controversy of the two points of view mentioned above. It is therefore worthwhile to recall attention to this problem, which is far from having a definite solution. The present paper reports some experimental results (similar to those of Ref. 1) which can contribute to these discussions, and also considers the fact that they seem to give some support to the aforesaid third approach, although revised in terms of decaying waves.

scholarly journals The sources of sex differences in aging in annual fishes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Reichard ◽  
Radim Blažek ◽  
Jakub Žák ◽  
Petr Kačer ◽  
Oldřich Tomášek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Survival Difference ◽  
Captive Populations ◽  
Baseline Mortality ◽  
In The Wild

AbstractSex differences in lifespan and aging are widespread among animals, with males usually the shorter-lived sex. Despite extensive research interest, it is unclear how lifespan differences between the sexes are modulated by genetic, environmental and social factors. We combined comparative data from natural populations of annual killifishes with experimental results on replicated captive populations, showing that females consistently outlived males in the wild. This sex-specific survival difference persisted in social environment only in two most aggressive species, and ceased completely when social and physical contacts were prevented. Demographically, neither an earlier start nor faster rate of aging accounted for shorter male lifespans, but increased baseline mortality and the lack of mortality deceleration in the oldest age shortened male lifespan. The sexes did not differ in any measure of functional aging we recorded. Overall, we demonstrate that sex differences in lifespan and aging may be ameliorated by modulating social and environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Vector Representation for the Soil Erosion Model USLE,

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petru CARDEI ◽  
Vasile HEREA ◽  
Vergil MURARU ◽  
Raluca SFARU
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Vector Representation ◽  
Vector Form ◽  
Vector Graphics ◽  
Erosion Model ◽  
Daily Amount ◽  
Annual Period

This article presents a mathematical viewpoint as vector form on estimating the risk of erosion due to water action, starting from the original USLE. We started with a vector representation of pluviometric regime. Daily amount of rain during a year can be in the form vector graphics. This representation is equivalent to a vector. Starting from this representation is computed the factor of the rain erosivity. We found that other factors in the USLE formula allowed the same type of representation. These representations have been used in the daily calculating for the erosion. This point of view extends the USLE model using to the rainfall event erosivity assessment, similarly with the RUSLE models. This vision permit the comparison between the possible divisions of the annual period: month, weeks, days, hours, minutes or seconds. In this article the solution test are made by comparison of the result with experimental results obtained in the Valea Calugareasca vineyard.

Moderate Environmental Variation Across Generations Promotes the Evolution of Robust Solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Milano ◽  
Jônata Tyska Carvalho ◽  
Stefano Nolfi
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Computation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Environmental Variation ◽  
Robust Solutions ◽  
Evolutionary Studies ◽  
Moderate Rate ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Computational Budget

Previous evolutionary studies demonstrated how robust solutions can be obtained by evaluating agents multiple times in variable environmental conditions. Here we demonstrate how agents evolved in environments that vary across generations outperform agents evolved in environments that remain fixed. Moreover, we demonstrate that best performance is obtained when the environment varies at a moderate rate across generations, that is, when the environment does not vary every generation but every N generations. The advantage of exposing evolving agents to environments that vary across generations at a moderate rate is due, at least in part, to the fact that this condition maximizes the retention of changes that alter the behavior of the agents, which in turn facilitates the discovery of better solutions. Finally, we demonstrate that moderate environmental variations are advantageous also from an evolutionary computation perspective, that is, from the perspective of maximizing the performance that can be achieved within a limited computational budget.

Geomorphology induces life history changes in invertebrates of sandy beaches: the case of the mole crab Emerita analoga in Chile

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Brazeiro
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Emerita Analoga ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Life History Patterns

The hypothesis that vital functions of one of the most successful macroinvertebrates of sandy beaches of Chile, the mole crab Emerita analoga are negatively affected by the environmental conditions of reflective beaches was tested. Twelve exposed sandy beaches distributed along 200 km of coast of central Chile, and selected to cover a wide morphodynamic spectrum were sampled every two months from April 1997 to November 1998. Significant phenotypic differences among local populations of the sand crab were detected. Important life history traits of the sand crab, linked to growth pattern, reproductive biology and burrowing capacity, were negatively affected by the environmental conditions of reflective beaches. The present results reinforce the view that environmental variations associated with beach morphodynamics, play a critical role in the life history patterns of sandy beach organisms.

scholarly journals Hardware Platform Design for Baseband Data Transmission of WCDMA Based on USB3.0

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Fu Xiao ◽  
Li-ming Xiao
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Hardware Platform ◽  
Platform Design ◽  
Radio System ◽  
Throughput Rate ◽  
Low Delay

This paper proposes a hardware platform for WCDMA baseband data transmission, which consists of USB3.0 interface, general purposes processor (GPP), and software defined radio (SDR) system. In view of the requirements of WCDMA system, the hardware platform consisting of USB3.0 controller, FPGA and DDRII was selected, which finally realized the high throughput rate and low delay transmission of baseband data of WCDMA system. The experimental results show that in this GPP software defined radio system, the interface speed of USB3.0 can reach 200MBps, and the loopback delay time of the system is about 0.7ms, which can meet the requirements of WCDMA system.

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