Design of experiments for light-speed invariance to moving observers

The principle of the constancy of the velocity of light, which stated that the light velocity is invariant to the motion of the emitter, was well established and directly proven by many experiments. Interestingly, the further assumption that the light velocity is also independent of the motion of the observer was, arguably, never conclusively proven by any experiment for a century. This paper tried to address some perceived technical difficulties in such experiments and proposed two experiments to test this assumption. One is to directly measure the light speed as to moving sensors, with the setup designed in such a way that the concerns of time synchronization and dilation can be avoided. Another experiment is to test the isotropy of the light speed to a high-speed particle by measuring the momentum to acceleration ratio. The experiment results, if positive, will provide direct proof of the assumption. Otherwise, it may imply a need for further investigation. Since the light speed invariance to moving observers is a key assumption of some fundamental physical theory, either way, the experiments will have significant importance.

Design of Experiments for Light Speed Invariance to Moving Observers

The principle of the constancy of the velocity of light, which stated that the light velocity is invariant to the motion of the emitter, was well established and directly proven by experiments. Interestingly, the further assumption that the light velocity is independent of the motion of the observer was, arguably, never directly proven by any experiment for a century. This paper proposed the design of two experiments to directly test this assumption, which tried to address some perceived technical difficulty in such experiments. One is to directly measure the light speed as to moving sensors. The experiment setup is designed in such a way that the concerns of time synchronization and dilation can be avoided. Another experiment is to test the isotropy of the light speed to a moving particle in the electromagnetic accelerator by measuring the momentum to acceleration ratio. The experiment result, if positive, will provide direct and solid proof of the assumption. Otherwise, it may imply a need for further investigation. Since the light speed invariance to moving observers is a key assumption of some fundamental physical theory, either way, the experiments will have significant meanings.

Design of experiments for light speed invariance to moving observers

The principle of the constancy of the velocity of light, which stated that the light velocity is invariant to the motion of the emitter, was well established and experimentally proven. Interestingly, the further assumption that the light velocity is independent of the motion of the observer was never directly proven by any experiment for a century. This paper proposed the design of two experiments to directly test this assumption. One is to directly measure the light speed as to moving sensors. The experiment setup is designed in such a way that the concerns of time synchronization and dilation can be avoided. Another experiment is to test the isotropy of the light speed to a moving particle in the electromagnetic accelerator by measuring the momentum to acceleration ratio. Since the light speed invariance to observers is a key assumption, the experiment result, if positive, will cover a long-time gap. Otherwise, it may imply a need for further investigation. Either way, the experiments will have significant meanings in physical theory.

Asymmetry theory derived from the principle of constant light speed

“The principle of the constancy of the velocity of light” was well established, while the further assumption that the light velocity is independent of the motion of the observer was never directly proven by any experiment. Based solely on this principle without any unproven assumptions, a comprehensive theoretic framework of the electrodynamics of moving bodies, named “Asymmetry Theory”, is derived purely through strict mathematics. A formula of the light velocity was mathematically derived, which is proven by the Sagnac effect and provides mathematical explanations for one-way light speed measurement, stellar aberration, and the M-M experiment. Other mathematically derived results include:1. A formula for observed “time dilation”, which resolves the “twin paradox”.2. Doppler Effect is simply a phenomenon of observed “time dilation” and one general formula covers traditional and transverse Doppler Effects, cosmological redshift, and time-varying velocities.3. Lorentz force law is invariant under Galilean transformation, with the correct definition of velocity following Barnett’s experiment explanation.4. A generalized form of Maxwell wave equations derived from the original equations, which is covariant under Galilean transformation. 5. The electrodynamics including particle acceleration and Mass-Energy relationship. Asymmetry Theory is comprehensive, self-consistent and in harmony with all existing experiments. It provides straightforward and mathematical explanations of key phenomenon without any paradox. Furthermore, Maxwell’s equations provide it the theoretic base and proof. Based on its predictions, two experiment designs are proposed for further conclusive confirmation.

Towards exterior/interior correspondence of black-holes

We describe a simple approach for a possible connection between the exterior and interior of black-holes. According to our result, the Schwarzschild radius determines a [Formula: see text]-dimensional sphere that separates two worlds: the exterior, where ordinary matter moves with velocities less than the light velocity, and the interior, where tachyons move with velocities greater than the light velocity. Moreover, we find a geometric map in the complex plane that connects ordinary matter with faster than light particles. Motivated by these results, we also find that the exterior and the interior structures of black-holes can be unified in a world of [Formula: see text]-dimensions. Finally, we comment about the possibility that superluminal particles in the interior of a black-hole may provide an alternative solution of the rotation curves of spiral galaxies.

Probing Into Space-Time View

Space-time view is the cornerstone of physics, which can be divided into two categories. One is the absolute space-time view, it is a description of pure and real space-time. Because there is no a space with nothing, the absolute space-time view will deviate from the actual measured value quantitatively. The second is the view of material space-time, which is the result of observing the world through some medium. The principles of cosmology play an important role in the view of material space-time. The relativistic space-time view is a material space-time view, its material basis is the physical vacuum, that is, ether. The invariability principle of light velocity is intrinsically related to the principle of cosmology.

Energy transfer through discretely structured vacuum

It is shown that energy quantization naturally follows from a discrete structure of the vacuum. Its basic element is the etheron, which is an atomlike system of electron and positron in a bound state. The speed of the electron within the etheron is close to the light velocity.