scholarly journals It is Worth Pondering Whether a Carbon Tax is Suitable for China’s Agricultural-Related Sectors

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiguo Fan ◽  
Zhicheng Gao ◽  
Nan Chen ◽  
Hejie Wei ◽  
Zihan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
Incremental Rate

Studying the characteristics, trends, and evolution of carbon emissions in agricultural related sectors is of great significance for rational formulation of carbon emission reduction policies. However, as an important carbon emission reduction policy, carbon tax has been controversial over whether or not it should be levied on China. Based on this consideration, this paper takes China’s agricultural related sectors as an example and analyzes the degree of carbon tax on macro-environment, macroeconomy, and agricultural sectors during the period 2020–2050 by constructing a 3EAD-CGE (economy-energy-environmental-agricultural-dynamics Computable General Equilibrium) model. The results show that: (1) carbon tax has a time effect, specifically, the short-term effect is better than the long-term. (2) If the incremental rate of carbon tax is carried out alone, it will exert a great influence on the macroeconomy as well as on most of the agricultural related sectors. (3) If a carbon tax is introduced at the same time as indirect taxes are cut (proportionally), the policy will exert a negative impact on agriculture-related sectors that are subsidized. However, the policy will have a positive impact on those nonsubsidized sectors. Finally, based on the results, we put forward some suggestions that are more suitable for the introduction of a carbon tax in China’s agricultural-related sectors.

scholarly journals Carbon Tax, Subsidy, and Emission Reduction: Analysis Based on DSGE Model

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Haoran Li ◽  
Wei Peng
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
Dynamic Stochastic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
The Impact

Carbon emission has negative externalities, which will cause severe natural and social problems. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to carbon emission reduction issue both in academic and application fields. This paper aims to explore the impact of punitive carbon tax and incentive carbon emission reduction subsidy on economy and environment through the dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) framework. The results show that both carbon tax and carbon emission reduction subsidy policies can help to reduce carbon emissions and to improve environment quality. In addition, carbon emission reduction subsidy has a positive impact on economy, while carbon tax has the opposite impact. It follows that the incentive carbon emission reduction policy is more conducive to the coordinated development of economy and environment. This research can be a guideline for the government to formulate carbon emission abatement policies from the perspective of coordinated development.

scholarly journals The Urbanisation Impacts on the Policy Effects of the Carbon Tax in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6749
Author(s):  
Shuyang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts ◽  
Policy Effects ◽  
Distributed Lag

In the literature, very few studies have focused on how urbanisation will influence the policy effects of a climate policy even though urbanisation does have profound socioeconomic impacts. This paper has explored the interrelations among the urbanisation, carbon emissions, GDP, and energy consumption in China using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Then, the unit urbanisation impacts are inputted into the policy evaluation framework of the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model in 2015–2030. The results show that the urbanisation had a positive impact on the GDP but a negative impact on the carbon emissions in 1980–2014. These impacts were statistically significant, but its impact on the energy consumption was not statistically significant. In 2015–2030, the urbanisation will have negative impacts on the carbon emissions and intensity. It will decrease the GDP and the household welfare under the carbon tax. The urbanisation will increase the average social cost of carbon (ASCC). Hence, the urbanisation will reinforce the policy effects of the carbon tax on the emissions and welfare.

scholarly journals The Role of the Discount Policy of Prepayment on Environmentally Friendly Inventory Management

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Shirin Sultana ◽  
Abu Hashan Md Mashud ◽  
Yosef Daryanto ◽  
Sujan Miah ◽  
Adel Alrasheedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Business Systems ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
Demand Rate ◽  
Total Profit

Nowadays, more and more consumers consider environmentally friendly products in their purchasing decisions. Companies need to adapt to these changes while paying attention to standard business systems such as payment terms. The purpose of this study is to optimize the entire profit function of a retailer and to find the optimal selling price and replenishment cycle when the demand rate depends on the price and carbon emission reduction level. This study investigates an economic order quantity model that has a demand function with a positive impact of carbon emission reduction besides the selling price. In this model, the supplier requests payment in advance on the purchased cost while offering a discount according to the payment in the advanced decision. Three different types of payment-in-advance cases are applied: (1) payment in advance with equal numbers of instalments, (2) payment in advance with a single instalment, and (3) the absence of payment in advance. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis illustrate the proposed model. Here, the total profit increases for all three cases with higher values of carbon emission reduction level. Further, the study finds that the profit becomes maximum for case 2, whereas the selling price and cycle length become minimum. This study considers the sustainable inventory model with payment-in-advance settings when the demand rate depends on the price and carbon emission reduction level. From the literature review, no researcher has undergone this kind of study in the authors’ knowledge.

scholarly journals Optimizing Urban Distribution Routes for Perishable Foods Considering Carbon Emission Reduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Wang ◽  
Yang ◽  
Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
Urban Distribution ◽  
The Impact

The increasing demand for urban distribution increases the number of transportation vehicles which intensifies the congestion of urban traffic and leads to a lot of carbon emissions. This paper focuses on carbon emission reduction in urban distribution, taking perishable foods as the object. It carries out optimization analysis of urban distribution routes to explore the impact of low carbon policy on urban distribution routes planning. On the basis of analysis of the cost components and corresponding constraints of urban distribution, two optimization models of urban distribution routes with and without carbon emissions cost are constructed. Fuel quantity related to cost and carbon emissions in the model is calculated based on traffic speed, vehicle fuel quantity and passable time period of distribution. Then an improved algorithm which combines genetic algorithm and tabu search algorithm is designed to solve models. Moreover, an analysis of the influence of carbon tax price is also carried out. It is concluded that in the process of urban distribution based on the actual network information, path optimization considering the low carbon factor can effectively reduce the distribution process of CO2, and reduce the total cost of the enterprise and society, thus achieving greater social benefits at a lower cost. In addition, the government can encourage low-carbon distribution by rationally adjusting the price of carbon tax to achieve a higher social benefit.

scholarly journals The Impact of Carbon Tax Application on the Economy and Environment of Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-120
Author(s):  
Putri Ayu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Private Household ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Household Demand ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Abstract As the most efficient market with a mitigation instrument basis, carbon tax is highly recommended by economists and international organizations. This paper examines the impact of implementing carbon tax policy on value of change in GDP, GDP Quantity Index, Government Household Demand, Private Household Demand, and CO2emission effects in Indonesia by using the dynamic energy Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. This study used GTAP-E that was part of GTAP 9 in 2011. GTAP-E consists of 140 countries and 57 sectors aggregated into eleven regions and eight sectors. There were three scenarios of carbon tax used in this paper that were China, Singapore, and India. The result shows that both GDP and GDP index have a negative impact due to the carbon tax of US $20/tCO2, US$ 10/tCO2, and US $1.60/t CO2. The greater the application of the carbon tax is, the greater the decrease of values of GDP, Government Household Demand, Private Household Demand towards carbon tax policies in Indonesia are. The negative impact of carbon tax is greater for the Private Household Demand that is indicated by all commodities except crude oil has decreasing demand from baseline scenario (no tax). While in the Government Household Demand, agriculture sector, crude oil, refined oil product, and other industries, carbon tax has a positive impact. In the environmental facet, if the carbon tax in Indonesia is implemented in accordance with the above simulation, then it appears that carbon tax can reduce emissions of CO2.

scholarly journals AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACTS OF CARBON TAX ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

2015 ◽  
pp. 114-131
Author(s):  
Alhassan Mohammed ◽  
Aminu Aminu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Causality Tests ◽  
Bound Test

This study is designed to investigate the anticipated impact of carbon tax on economic growth in Nigeria using the scenario of the proposed tax rate on the primary carbon emission-related activities. This study therefore employed ARDL bound test and Toda-Yamamoto causality tests to show the existence of long-run relationship between carbon tax and economic growth. The study therefore revealed that: carbon tax has positive impact on economic growth; governance has negative impact on economic growth: non-existence of causal relationship between carbon tax and economic growth in Nigeria. Hence, the study recommended among others, upward review of carbon tax and strict adherence to the regulation of tax rate on carbon emission be enforced, as well as consideration for application of tax rate on other non-primary emitters of carbon in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Exploring the impact of narrowing urban-rural income gap on carbon emission reduction and pollution control

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259390
Author(s):  
Lujing Wang ◽  
Ming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Rural Income ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Impact

Over the past four decades, China have experienced rapid economic growth but also a widening urban-rural income gap and deteriorating air quality. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2006 to 2017, this paper investigates the effect of narrowing the urban-rural income gap on carbon emission reduction and pollution control by using OLS method. The empirical results indicate that: the narrowing of the urban-rural income gap has a positive impact on pollution control, while there are regional differences in the impact on carbon emission reduction. In the perspective of the whole country and central and western regions, the narrowing of the urban-rural income gap is conducive to carbon emission reduction. However, the narrowing of the urban-rural income gap increases carbon emissions in the eastern regions where economic development is at high level. This paper provides a theoretical basis and policy reference for promoting urban-rural integration and construction of ecological civilization.

scholarly journals Carbon Emission Reduction Decision and Revenue-Sharing Contract with Consumers’ Low-Carbon Preference and CER Cost under Carbon Tax

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Chao-qun Han ◽  
Hua-ying Gu ◽  
Li-hui Sui ◽  
Chang-peng Shao
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Revenue Sharing ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
Revenue Sharing Contract ◽  
Theoretical And Numerical Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Since the tax of carbon emission is popular and consumers are exhibiting low-carbon preference, the green manufactures have to spend more extra cost on investing carbon emission reduction (CER) technology to decrease the carbon emission. To encourage the manufacture’s CER investment efforts, this paper explores the impact of carbon tax, CER cost, and consumers’ low-carbon preference on low-carbon decision-making and designs a revenue-sharing contract (RS) by constructing Stackelberg models. Based on the theoretical and numerical analysis, this paper finds that the supply chain would benefit from the increment of consumer’s environmental awareness but be depressed by the increase of the CER investment cost factor. Additionally, there exists a unique optimal carbon tax to make CER degree the maximum. Furthermore, RS can effectively promote manufacturers to reduce carbon emissions and also improve the supply chain efficiency.

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