The Influence of Emulsified Water Fuel Containing Fresh Water Microalgae on Diesel Engine Performance, Combustion, Vibration and Emission

Microalgae is considered as an excellent potential renewable source of fuel in many forms including powder or slurry. A high percentage of emulsified water in the fuel is reported to reduce diesel engines’ emissions such as NOx, but that will compromise the engine output power. Using microalgae powder as an additive to enhance the emulsified water fuel heating value is the main objective of this work. Diesel engine combustion, vibration, performance and emissions were evaluated for pure cottonseed biodiesel (CS-B100), emulsified water 20% (vol.) in cottonseed biodiesel (CSB-E20) and emulsified water 20% (vol.) containing Fresh Water Microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris (FWM-CV) in cottonseed biodiesel (CSB-ME20). The emulsified water fuels showed a reduction in in-cylinder pressure, vibration, brake power, torque, exhaust gas temperature, CO2 and NOx, while BSFC and O2 were higher than the pure biodiesel (CS-B100). CSB-ME20 produced higher power and torque than CSB-E20 due to the presence of microalgae in the fuel that increased the energy content of the fuel.

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Thermal Performance of Compression Ignition Engine Using High Content Biodiesels: A Comparative Study with Diesel Fuel

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13147688 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 7688

Author(s):

Asif Afzal ◽

Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar ◽

Ali Belhocine ◽

Mohammed Kareemullah ◽

Nazia Hossain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Diesel Fuel ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Waste Cooking Oil ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Compression Ignition Engine ◽

Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽

Acid Oil ◽

Exhaust Gas Temperature

In this study, engine performance on thermal factors for different biodiesels has been studied and compared with diesel fuel. Biodiesels were produced from Pongamia pinnata (PP), Calophyllum inophyllum (CI), waste cooking oil (WCO), and acid oil. Depending on their free fatty acid content, they were subjected to the transesterification process to produce biodiesel. The main characterizations of density, calorific range, cloud, pour, flash and fire point followed by the viscosity of obtained biodiesels were conducted and compared with mineral diesel. The characterization results presented benefits near to standard diesel fuel. Then the proposed diesel engine was analyzed using four blends of higher concentrations of B50, B65, B80, and B100 to better substitute fuel for mineral diesel. For each blend, different biodiesels were compared, and the relative best performance of the biodiesel is concluded. This diesel engine was tested in terms of BSFC (brake-specific fuel consumption), BTE (brake thermal efficiency), and EGT (exhaust gas temperature) calculated with the obtained results. The B50 blend of acid oil provided the highest BTE compared to other biodiesels at all loads while B50 blend of WCO provided the lowest BSFC compared to other biodiesels, and B50 blends of all biodiesels provided a minimum % of the increase in EGT compared to diesel.

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Design and Development of Surge Tank for NOx Emission Reduction in B20 Biofueled Diesel Engine

International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems ◽

10.4273/ijvss.12.5.01 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Jaspreet Hira ◽

Basant Singh Sikarwar ◽

Rohit Sharma ◽

Vikas Kumar ◽

Prakhar Sharma

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Research Work ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Nox Emission ◽

Intake Manifold ◽

Exhaust Gas ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Surge Tank ◽

Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽

Exhaust Gas Temperature

In this research work, a surge tank is developed and utilised in the diesel engine for controlling the NOX emission. This surge tank acts as a damper for fluctuations caused by exhaust gases and also an intercooler in reducing the exhaust gas temperature into the diesel engine intake manifold. With the utilisation of the surge tank, the NOX emission level has been reduced to approximately 50%. The developed surge tank is proved to be effective in maintaining the circulation of water at appropriate temperatures. A trade-off has been established between the engine performance parameters including the brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature and all emission parameters including HC and CO.

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A Comparative Study of Almond Biodiesel-Diesel Blends for Diesel Engine in Terms of Performance and Emissions

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/529808 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh ◽

Khaled A. Alnefaie

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Diesel Fuel ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Particulate Emissions ◽

Exhaust Gas ◽

Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽

Performance Parameters ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Performance And Emissions ◽

Unburned Fuel

This paper investigates the opportunity of using almond oil as a renewable and alternative fuel source. Different fuel blends containing 10, 30, and 50% almond biodiesel (B10, B30, and B50) with diesel fuel (B0) were prepared and the influence of these blends on emissions and some performance parameters under various load conditions were inspected using a diesel engine. Measured engine performance parameters have generally shown a slight increase in exhaust gas temperature and in brake specific fuel consumption and a slight decrease in brake thermal efficiency. Gases investigated were carbon monoxide (CO) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Furthermore, the concentration of the total particulate and the unburned fuel emissions in the exhaust gas were tested. A blend of almond biodiesel with diesel fuel gradually reduced the engine CO and total particulate emissions compared to diesel fuel alone. This reduction increased with more almond biodiesel blended into the fuel. Finally, a slight increase in engineNOxusing blends of almond biodiesel was measured.

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Experimental Investigation of Performance and Emission Characteristics of Mahua Biodiesel in Diesel Engine

ISRN Renewable Energy ◽

10.5402/2011/405182 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

S. Savariraj ◽

T. Ganapathy ◽

C. G. Saravanan

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Exhaust Gas ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽

Performance And Emission ◽

Performance And Emissions ◽

Hc Emissions ◽

Exhaust Gas Temperature ◽

Mahua Biodiesel ◽

No Emissions

Biodiesel derived from nonedible feed stocks such as Mahua, Jatropha, Pongamia are reported to be feasible choices for developing countries including India. This paper presents the results of investigation of performance and emissions characteristics of diesel engine using Mahua biodiesel. In this investigation, the blends of varying proportions of Mahua biodiesel and diesel were prepared, analyzed compared with the performance of diesel fuel, and studied using a single cylinder diesel engine. The brake thermal efficiency, brake-specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperatures, Co, Hc, No, and smoke emissions were analyzed. The tests showed decrease in the brake thermal efficiencies of the engine as the amount of Mahua biodiesel in the blend increased. The maximum percentage of reduction in BTE (14.3%) was observed for B-100 at full load. The exhaust gas temperature with the blends decreased as the proportion of Mahua increases in the blend. The smoke, Co, and No emissions of the engine were increased with the blends at all loads. However, Hc emissions of Mahua biodiesels were less than that of diesel.

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An Effect of Biosolar-Water Emulsion on Small Marine Diesel Engine

Asian Journal of Applied Sciences ◽

10.24203/ajas.v6i6.5645 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Beny Cahyono ◽

Taufik Fajar Nugroho ◽

Tony Bambang Musriyadi

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Test Results ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Water Emulsion ◽

Light Duty ◽

Marine Diesel ◽

Tier 3 ◽

Exhaust Gas Temperature ◽

Small Capacity

This study aims to analyze the effect of water/biosolar emulsion fuel on the performance of engine diesel used in small capacity diesel engines. The fuel used is a mixture of biosolar 20% which is added 10% and 15% water (b20,WDE 10%, WDE 15%) which will be compared with dexlite fuel and biodiesel 20% (b20). Measurement of engine performance with various fuels was carried out in accordance with IMO marine engine regulation tier 3. The water-emulsified diesel could be used in the light-duty small diesel engine without modifications. The result shows that the net diesel fuel consumption and the exhaust gas temperature decreased with increasing water content of fuels over the investigated loading range.Performance produced by DWE 10% and 15% will been reduce Power, and Torque at each RPM. In detail, DWE 10% has better results than the DWE 15%. In the NOx emission test results, the use of water/biodiesel emulsified fuels 10% and 15% can reduce NOx emissions.

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Performance of Diesel Engine Operating with Waste Plastic Disposal Fuel

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.465-466.423 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 465-466 ◽

pp. 423-427 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohd Herzwan Hamzah ◽

Abdul Adam Abdullah ◽

Agung Sudrajat ◽

Nur Atiqah Ramlan ◽

Nur Fauziah Jaharudin

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Diesel Fuel ◽

Waste Product ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Alternative Fuel ◽

Constant Load ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Waste Plastic ◽

Exhaust Gas Temperature ◽

Engine Power

Nowadays, many researches are conducted to produce alternative fuel. In order to overcome increasing price of fossil fuel and environmental issues, fuel from natural sources such as palm, rapeseed and jathropa are increasingly being utilized to produce bio-fuel. Similar as natural source, waste product such as plastics and tires also can be processed to produce alternative fuel. In this paper, engine performance of diesel engine operating with 100% waste plastic disposal fuel (WPDF) is analyzed and compared to diesel fuel. The experiment is conducted using single cylinder YANMAR TF120M diesel engine which is operating at variable speed and constant load. The performance parameters that analyzed in the experiment are engine power, torque, combustion pressure and exhaust gas temperature. Results of the experiment shows that waste plastic disposal fuel (WPDF) potentially can be use as alternative fuel in diesel engine. However, based on the data obtained, performance of diesel engine operating with WPDF is lower compared to diesel fuel.

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Influence of Bioethanol-Gasoline Blended Fuel on Performance and Emissions Characteristics from Port Injection Sinjai Engine 650 cc

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.493.273 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 493 ◽

pp. 273-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Bambang Sudarmanta ◽

Sudjud Darsopuspito ◽

Djoko Sungkono

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Exhaust Gas ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Performance And Emissions ◽

Blended Fuel ◽

Hc Emissions ◽

American Society ◽

Exhaust Gas Temperature ◽

Blended Fuels

Performance and emissions characteristics from port injection SINJAI engine 650 cc operating on bioethanol-gasoline blended fuels of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% were investigated on water brake dynamometers with power capacity 120 hp. The properties of bioethanol were measured based on American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) standards. Fuel consumption was measured by the time fuel consumption per 25 cc of fuel in a measuring glass whereas combustion air consumption was measured using an air flow meter. The emission parameters, exhaust gas temperature and air fuel ratio were measured using STARGAS exhaust gas analyzer. The increase of bioethanol content will increases the engine performance and reduces pollutan emission. The highest engine performance produced by E15 blended fuel with increased torsi, mean effective pressure and power output of 10,27 %, thermal efficiency 1,8% but specific fuel consumption increased approximatelly 12,42%. This condition occurs at engine speed 3000 - 3500 rpm. While the emission CO and HC emissions decreased significantly as a result of the leaning effect caused by the bioethanol addition. In this study, it was found that using bioetanol-gasoline blended fuels , the CO and HC emissions would be reduced appoximatelly by 55 and 32% Respectively.

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The effect of Diesel-Methanol Blends with Volumetric Proportions on The Performance and Emissions of A Diesel Engine

Mechanika ◽

10.5755/j01.mech.25.5.22954 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 363-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

ADNAN BERBER

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Diesel Fuel ◽

Diesel Engines ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Exhaust Emission ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Engine Torque ◽

Performance And Emissions ◽

Maximum Decrease

In this work, the methanol is added to the diesel fuel in the volumetric proportions of 5%-%10-%15 to diminish negative environmental impacts of diesel engines. The diesel-methanol blends in the various proportions are tested in a single-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine. According to the test results, the addition of methanol to the diesel fuel causes a maximum decrease of 13.07 % in the engine torque, and a maximum decrease of 12.54 % in the specific fuel consumption. On the other hand, the exhaust emission results show that the values of CO and CO2 decrease 38.4 % and 5.04%. However, the increase of 3.66% in the exhaust gas temperature causes the increase of 17.1% in the NOx emission. Also, a significant decrease of 39.37% in the smoke opacity is observed compared to that of the diesel fuel. Although the addition of methanol to diesel fuel causes a slightly decrease in the engine performance, the diesel-methanol blends have a reasonable and considerable positive effect on environmental concerns of diesel engines.

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Comparison of Engine Performance between Nano- and Microemulsions of Solketal Droplets Dispersed in Diesel Assisted by Microwave Irradiation

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24193497 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (19) ◽

pp. 3497 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cherng-Yuan Lin ◽

Shih-Ming Tsai

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Microwave Irradiation ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Tween 80 ◽

Continuous Phase ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Surfactant Mixtures ◽

Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽

Droplet Sizes ◽

Exhaust Gas Temperature

As a derivative product of bio-glycerol, this study first uses solketal as a combustion improver for enhancing diesel engine characteristics. The emulsions of nanometer- and micrometer-sized droplets of solketal, which disperse evenly in the ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD), are formed by the effects of microwave irradiation. The performance of diesel engine fueled with the nanoemulsion of ULSD with scattered solketal droplets is analyzed and compared to that with the microemulsion. The experimental results show that the nanoemulsions can form when over 15 wt. % surfactant mixtures of Span 80 and Tween 80 and less than 5 wt. % solketal are mixed and emulsified with the remaining ULSD content, which acts as the continuous phase of the emulsions. The nanoemulsions are observed to have significantly lower brake-specific fuel consumption (bsfc) and higher fuel conversion efficiency and exhaust gas temperature than those of the microemulsions and the neat ULSD. However, the bsfc of the nanoemulsions increases with greater engine speed and gradually approaches those of the latter two test fuels. In addition, the dispersed solketal droplet sizes are mostly concentrated around 127 nm with peak intensity of 12.65% in the nanoemulsions. The microwave-assisted formation used in this study is found to successfully produce the nanoemulsions in which all of the dispersed droplet sizes are much smaller than 1000 nm.

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Effect of Producer Gas from Redgram Stalk and Combustion Chamber Types on the Emission and Performance Characteristics of Diesel Engine

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14185879 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (18) ◽

pp. 5879

Author(s):

K. M. Akkoli ◽

N. R. Banapurmath ◽

Suresh G ◽

Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar ◽

T. M. Yunus Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Combustion Chamber ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Nozzle Geometry ◽

Producer Gas ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Combustion Chambers ◽

And Performance ◽

Exhaust Gas Temperature ◽

Emission And Performance

The engine performance has been improved by modifying the combustion chamber shape of the diesel engine for dual-fuel operation with liquid fuel and producer gas (PG). The combined effect of gaseous fuel from redgram stalk and combustion chamber type on the emission and performance of blended-fuel of diesel and HOME biodiesel–PG has been investigated. In this experimental study, four varieties of combustion chambers hemispherical (HCC), low swirl (LSCC), dual swirl (DSCC), and toroidal re-entrant (TRCC) were analyzed comprehensively. The results presented that the TRCC configuration with a given nozzle geometry has 9% improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and 10.4% lower exhaust gas temperature (EGT). The smoke, unburnt hydrocarbon (UBHC), and carbon monoxide (CO) decreased by 10–40%, but a 9% increase in nitrogen oxides (NOX) emission levels was observed with TRCC. The delay period and combustion period were decreased by 5% and 7%. The fuel replacement of about 71% for the diesel–PG combination with HCC and 68% for the HOME–PG combination with TRCC was achieved.

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