scholarly journals Evaluation on Overheating Risk of a Typical Norwegian Residential Building under Future Extreme Weather Conditions

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Tian ◽  
Shicong Zhang ◽  
Jie Deng ◽  
Bozena Dorota Hrynyszyn
Keyword(s):  
Heat Waves ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Cooling Devices ◽  
Indoor Comfort

As the temperature in the summer period in Norway has been always moderate, little study on the indoor comfort of typical Norwegian residential buildings in summer seasons can be found. Heat waves have attacked Norway in recent years, including in 2018 and 2019. Zero energy buildings, even neighborhoods, have been a hot research topic in Norway. There is overheating risk in typical Norwegian residential buildings without cooling devices installed under these uncommon weather conditions, like the hot summers in 2018 and 2019. Three weather scenarios consisting of present-day weather data, 2050 weather data, and 2080 weather data are investigated in this study. The overheating risk of a typical Norwegian residential building is evaluated under these three weather scenarios. 72 scenarios are simulated in this study, including different orientations, window-to-wall ratios, and infiltration rates. Two different overheating evaluation criteria and guidelines, the Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) and the CIBSE TM 59, are compared in this study.

scholarly journals How Climate Trends Impact on the Thermal Performance of a Typical Residential Building in Madrid

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Soutullo ◽  
E. Giancola ◽  
M. J. Jiménez ◽  
J. A. Ferrer ◽  
M. N. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
The Impact

Based on the European energy directives, the building sector has to provide comfortable levels for occupants with minimum energy consumption as well as to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This paper aims to compare the impact of climate change on the energy performance of residential buildings in order to derive potential design strategies. Different climate file inputs of Madrid have been used to quantify comparatively the thermal needs of two reference residential buildings located in this city. One of them represents buildings older than 40 years built according to the applicable Spanish regulations prior to 1979. The other refers to buildings erected in the last decade under more energy-restrictive constructive regulations. Three different climate databases of Madrid have been used to assess the impact of the evolution of the climate in recent years on the thermal demands of these two reference buildings. Two of them are typical meteorological years (TMY) derived from weather data measured before 2000. On the contrary, the third one is an experimental file representing the average values of the meteorological variables registered in Madrid during the last decade. Annual and monthly comparisons are done between the three climate databases assessing the climate changes. Compared to the TMYs databases, the experimental one records an average air temperature of 1.8 °C higher and an average value of relative humidity that is 9% lower.

scholarly journals Numerical Analysis of a Residential Energy System that Integrates Hybrid Solar Modules (PVT) with a Heat Pump

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Len Rijvers ◽  
Camilo Rindt ◽  
Corry de Keizer
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Energy System ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Energetic Performance

Photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) collectors are hybrid solar collectors that convert solar and ambient energy into thermal and electrical energy. Integrated PVT-HP, in which PVT collectors are combined with a heat pump, offers an efficient and renewable option to replace conventional fossil fuel-based energy systems in residential buildings. Currently, system concepts in which the selection, design and control of the components are aligned towards the system performance are lacking. The development of a system model enables the comparison of a variety of system parameters and system designs, informed decision making based on the energetic performance and the market diffusion of PVT-HP systems. This contribution presents a simulation model of a PVT-HP system. By means of numerical simulations, with simulation program TRNSYS, the energetic performance of a PVT-HP system and the system components are investigated. It is shown that the PVT-HP can cover the annual energy demand of a residential building. The corresponding Seasonal Performance Factor (SPF) is equal to 3.6. Furthermore, the effect of varying weather conditions, occupancy and building orientations on the performance of the reference system is analyzed. The SPF for the investigated scenarios varies between 3.0 and 3.9. Lastly, two system parameters, the PVT collector area, and the PVT collector type are varied as an initial step in the optimization of the system performance. To sum up, the presented PVT-HP model is suitable for dynamic system simulation and the exploration of the system concepts. The simulation study shows that a PVT-HP system can cover the annual energy demand of a residential building. Lastly, parametric variations showcase the optimization potential of PVT-HP systems.

Improvements of Energy Balance of Existing Residential Buildings

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Mária Budiaková
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
The Individual

The paper is oriented on searching for possibilities, which would approach the existing residential buildings to zero energy buildings. Existing residential buildings must remain competitive in the real estate market. Therefore, this paper is focused on progressive solutions, which application will significantly contribute to the approach towards zero energy balance. I have done my research on a concrete residential building in Bratislava. Scientifically I analyze the individual phases of improvement of this residential building. Firstly, I calculate the annual energy balance for individual phases, then I evaluate them. The basic improvement phases of energy balance of concrete residential building: insulation, regulation of heating system, application of heat pumps, application of solar collectors and photovoltaic modules. The scientific outputs are presented by well arranged graphs. Each improvement phase is analyzed in detail with introduced risks and contribution for energy balance. I will point out the problem of incorrect architectural design from the energy point of view, which remains a serious obstacle for further possible improvements with modern technological systems. By this research, I want to point out new possibilities for existing residential buildings.

scholarly journals Addressing the Impact of Industrialized Components on the Cost of Temporary Heating in Cold-climate Regions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Dias Ferreira ◽  
Beda Barkokebas ◽  
Lana Secchi ◽  
Mustafa Gul ◽  
YuXiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Construction Schedule ◽  
The Impact

In countries with cold climates such as Canada, the cost of providing space heating during the construction phase, also known as temporary heating, results in a significant additional construction cost, which causes budget deviations thus affecting the projectäó»s financial performance. In fact, the estimation of temporary heating is commonly overlooked due to the uncertainties such as weather forecast and the projectäó»s actual onsite schedule. The cost of temporary heating comprises two parts: (1) the cost of equipment rental, and (2) the fuel consumption required to heat a given area when the temperature falls below a certain threshold. The fuel consumption of the equipment is related to the temperature and exposure of the buildingäó»s envelope to the current weather conditions. Thus, the construction of the building envelope is critical to the reduction of fuel consumption and the consequent temporary heating cost of the project. In this context, the research presented in this paper aims to estimate the impacts of temporary heating for various constructive methods, such as the traditional stick-built practice and a few variations of panelized construction (in regard to the insulation used), by developing a simulation model to observe the variation of weather data, construction schedule, and fuel consumption for each scenario. To perform this analysis, a 4-story residential building located in the city of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, is used as a case study in which the proposed scenarios are compared in order to address the advantages of industrialized components in reducing the cost of temporary heating.

scholarly journals Modern Concepts of Energy-Efficient Civil and Residential Buildings. Case Study: Analysis of a Residential Building According to Nzeb Criteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
A. Vasiliu ◽  
Otilia Nedelcu ◽  
I. C. Sălişteanu ◽  
O. Magdun
Keyword(s):  
Housing Stock ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Passive Construction ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Oil Crisis

Abstract The oil crisis, the measures taken because of global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions, the ecological actions carried out globally and the technical progress in the fields of electronics, energy, IT and telecommunications have led to the emergence Passive House concepts in the construction sector, of Passive Solar Building (passive construction based on solar energy), of Net Zero-Energy Building NZEB, of Plus Energy Building, of nearly Zero Energy Building nZEB, of Low-Energy Building, of Green House, of Zero Carbon House, of Smart House, of Healthy buildings and other equivalents or derivatives. In this paper, these concepts will be cross-debated and the measures adopted at EU level and the influences exerted on the Romanian legislation on the field of civil and residential constructions will be presented. Based on a case study, a residential construction will be characterized, representative of the current housing stock, in order to assess the degree of compliance with the minimum requirements of a house with low energy consumption, imposed by Romanian legislation in the field.

scholarly journals Variant Developments of Typical Meteorological Years (TMYs) for Seeb, Oman and their Impact on Energy Simulation of Residential Buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser Al-Azri ◽  
Saleh Al-Saadi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Cooling Strategies ◽  
The Difference

Typical meteorological years (TMYs) are widely used for the analysis and simulation of energy-intensive systems. The reliability of a developed typical year depends on the accuracy of the historical record of weather data as well as the fitness of the developed approach to the application. In this work, a TMY for Seeb area in the Muscat Governorate, Oman was developed using different approaches. The developed TMYs are compared to the current commonly used TMY which is based on 1985-2001 records that have many gaps and anomalies and hence have intensive interpolation treatment. The different TMYs were compared by simulating energy consumption of a typical residential building and also by studying applicability of passive cooling strategies. The findings showed that the variation in energy consumption is minimal for the different TMY development approaches for the same set of historical records but the difference is very significant when the comparison is based on the two sets from the two periods of records.

scholarly journals The Use of Solar Shading in a Nearly Zero-Energy Neighbourhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 19003
Author(s):  
Silke Verbruggen ◽  
Jolien Hertoge ◽  
Marc Delghust ◽  
Jelle Laverge ◽  
Arnold Janssens
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Solar Shading ◽  
Building Monitoring ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Zero Energy Buildings

The use of solar shading can have an important influence on the internal heat gains, especially in zero-energy buildings. However, the research in literature is almost uniquely focused on offices, while information on the use of solar shading in residential dwellings is lacking. Therefore, the solar shading behaviour of occupants of a nearly zero-energy social housing neighbourhood in Belgium is analysed. Data are gathered by solar shading logging with a building monitoring system, logbooks and cross-sectional surveys. In general, the solar shades were not often adjusted, with many of the solar shades either always opened or always closed. Clear seasonal influences were observed; however, the temperature and solar irradiance did not reveal a significant relationship with the use of the solar shading. This relationship could be biased by the fact that some of the occupants use the solar shades not to prevent solar heat gains but to darken the room in the evening (blinds). Since the shades are not often adjusted and are thus in the same position for a long time, the use is independent of the prevailing weather conditions. The position of the solar shades seems to be more influenced by the personal preference of the occupant than by external factors. Additional simulations, carried out with Modelica, showed that when the full capacity of the solar shades is used, the overheating can be decreased up to 29% in south oriented rooms. The possible negative impact on the heating demands can be neglected. This shows the necessity to correctly model the solar shading behaviour in residential buildings, especially in nearly zero-energy buildings, for which the cooling demands are increasingly important.

scholarly journals Sustainable energy supply for self-sufficient buildings with seasonal energy storages – parametric study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012086
Author(s):  
Andrii Zakovorotnyi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Sustainable Energy Supply

Abstract To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the efficiency of energy supply systems must be increased, for example, using renewable energy sources. Since the generation of renewable energy can depend on weather conditions and other parameters, the use of short- or long-term energy storage enables an increase in the covered building energy demand. Due to the large number of available technologies for renewable energy generation and storage, it is possible to combine these systems into different energy supply concepts. By optimizing and comparing the designed concepts, the most suitable one can be determined with respect to the current and future investments. A comprehensive comparison of energy supply concepts must include both economic and energy evaluation criteria. This study focuses on parametric numerical simulations to identify economically feasible and sustainable energy supply concepts for a practical case of new residential buildings. The results show that electrical storage and on-site power generation can provide the greatest benefits. In contrast, large thermal storage systems are not economically viable.

Thermoeconomic Optimization of a Seawater Source Heat Pump System for Residential Buildings

2011 ◽  
Vol 354-355 ◽  
pp. 794-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Gang Shi ◽  
Zhuo Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Optimum Result ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Attractive Option

A seawater source heat pump (SWHP) system offer an attractive option for heating and cooling residential and commercial buildings owing to their higher energy efficiency compared with conventional systems. A thermoeconomic model was developed for analysis and optimization of SWHP with residential building. The thermodynamic and thermoeconomic optimum result for SWHP in the Qingdao, china, weather conditions were obtained using MATLAB optimization toolbox. The thermoeconomic optimization results show exergy loss and EER increasing by 22.7% and 13.9% respectively, but annual production costs reduce by 29.1%.

scholarly journals Overheating risk of a typical Norwegian residential building retrofitted to higher energy standards under future climate conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 02007
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Tian ◽  
Bozena Dorota Hrynyszyn
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Energy Plus ◽  
G Value ◽  
High Performance Buildings

Heat waves had attacked Norway in 2018 and 2019. Residents in Norway experienced a very uncomfortable indoor environment in the summer of 2018 and 2019. Few publications on the overheating risk of a typical Norwegian residential building under future climate change conditions were found. The typical Norwegian residential building retrofitted according to the minimum Norwegian energy requirements in the Norwegian Building Act of 2010 (Pbl2010/TEK17) and the international EnerPHit Standard was modelled in this study. Overheating risk of the typical residential building was simulated by Energy Plus engine via Ladybug and Honeybee plugins based on the Grasshopper. Overheating hours of the studied rooms under present-day, the 2050s and the 2080s weather conditions were shown. Too good airtightness does increase the overheating risk of the building when retrofitted to higher energy standards. It was found in this study that better insulation does reduce the overheating hours of the bedrooms slightly. This may be caused by low g-value of the windows based on recommendation according to the EnerPHit Standard. Overheating should be paid more attention in term of the expected future climate conditions. These results can provide some references to the buildings retrofitted to high-performance buildings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document