scholarly journals Plasma Assisted Combustion as a Cost-Effective Way for Balancing of Intermittent Sources: Techno-Economic Assessment for 200 MWel Power Unit

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5056
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Mączka ◽  
Halina Pawlak-Kruczek ◽  
Lukasz Niedzwiecki ◽  
Edward Ziaja ◽  
Artur Chorążyczewski
Keyword(s):  
Power Unit ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Plasma System ◽  
Value Analysis

Due to the increasing installed power of the intermittent renewable energy sources in the European Union, increasing the operation flexibility of the generating units in the system is necessary. This is particularly important for systems with relatively large installed power of wind and solar. Plasma technologies can be used for that purpose. Nonetheless, the wide implementation of such technology should be economically justified. This paper shows that the use of plasma systems for increasing the flexibility of power units can be economically feasible, based on the results of a net present value analysis. The cost of the installation itself had a marginal effect on the results of the net present value analysis. Based on the performed analysis, the ability to lower the technical minimum of the power unit and the relationship between such a technical minimum and the installed power of a plasma system can be considered decisive factors influencing the economics of the investment for such an installation. Further research on better means of prediction of the minimum attainable load, which would allow determining the influence of implementation of a plasma system, is recommended. This will be the decisive factor behind future decisions regarding investing in such systems.

Effects of aerial strip spraying on mixedwood stand structure and tree growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (04) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Comeau
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Block Area

Herbicide application in strips offers a cost-effective way to accelerate spruce growth in young mixedwood stands, while also retaining the mixedwood character of the stand. In June of 2006 data were collected to evaluate the effects of aerial strip spraying on subsequent growth of treated stands. These blocks had been planted in 1991 and treated in 2000 with Triclopyr ester herbicide applied in strips. Treated and untreated strips averaged 5.8 m and 8.4 m in width, respectively, with 38% of the block area being effectively treated. In 2006 aspen density, DBH, and height were significantly lower in the treated strips compared to either untreated strips or completely untreated blocks. Spruce growth was significantly larger in treated strips with diameter growth responses beginning in the first and height growth responses in the second growing season following treatment. Yield estimates from the Mixedwood Growth Model (MGM) indicate that the strip spray treatments result in the highest spruce yields. However, when understory protection (harvesting aspen at age 70 and spruce at 120) is applied, the untreated blocks provided higher total yield and net present value.

scholarly journals Is Smart Housing a Good Deal? An Answer Based on Monte Carlo Net Present Value Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elariane ◽  
Dubé
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Social Growth ◽  
Operation Costs

The smart cities are considered to be an engine of economic and social growth. Most countries started to convert their existing cities into smart cities or construct new smart cities in order to improve the quality of life of their inhabitants. However, the problem that facing those countries while applying the concept of smart cities is the costs, especially for the residential sector. Despite the high initial and even operation costs for adopting different technologies in smart housing; the benefits could exceed those costs within the lifespan of the project. This article is shedding the light on the economics of smart housing. This study aims to evaluate the net present value (NPV) of a smart economic housing model to check the viability and feasibility of such projects. The calculation of the NPV based on Monte Carlo simulation provides an interesting methodological framework to evaluate the robustness of the results as well as providing a simple way to test for statistical significance of the results. This analysis helps to evaluate the potential profitability of smart housing solutions. The research ends up by proving the feasibility of this type of project.

Life Cycle Cost Analysis Case Study on Corrosion Remedial Measures for Concrete Structures

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin How Ho ◽  
Azlan Abd. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Life Cycle Cost Analysis ◽  
Remedial Measures ◽  
Present Value

Artikel ini membincangkan kajian ringkas berkaitan analisis kos kitaran hayat terhadap langkah-langkah pembaikan pengaratan bagi jambatan dan struktur marin konkrit yang terdedah kepada karbonasi atau serangan natrium klorida daripada air laut atau sumber-sumber lain. Perisian kos kitaran hayat, Bridge LCC 2.0 digunakan untuk menjalankan analisi kitaran hayat untuk tiga kes kajian melibatkan kaedah nilai bersih kini. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan analisis kos kitaran hayat berkeupayaan untuk membantu jurutera dan agensi pengangkutan dalam menilai keputusan penyelenggaraan yang efektif berkaitan dengan masalah pengaratan. Ia boleh digunakan sebagai alat analisis ekonomi kejuruteraan yang membantu mantaksir kos-kos perbezaan dan membuat pilihan terhadap langkah pembaikan pengaratan yang berkesan. Analisis kos kitaran hayat bagi langkah pembaikan dipengaruhi oleh banyak pemboleh ubah seperti kos permulaan, kos penyelenggaraan, tahun kekerapan, dan jangka masa analisis. Amalan terbaik untuk analisis kos kitaran hayat bukan sahaja mengambil kira perbelanjaan oleh agensi, tetapi perlu mempertimbangkan kos-kos oleh pengguna dan analisis sensitiviti di sepanjang jangka hayat sesuatu langkah pembaikan. Kata kunci: Analisis kos kitaran hayat, jambatan konkrit, pengaratan, langkah, pembaikan, pemulihan struktur, keberkesanan kos, kaedah nilai bersih kini (NPV) This paper discusses a short study on life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) on corrosion remedial measures for concrete bridges and marine structures, which are subjected to carbonation or ingress of sodium chloride from sea water and other sources. Life cycle costing software, Bridge LCC 2.0, was used to perform life cycle cost analyses on three case studies, based on net present value method. The analysis of the results showed that LCCA is capable of assisting engineers or transportation agencies to evaluate optimum maintenance decisions in corrosion–related problems. It can be used as an engineering economic analysis tool that helps in qualifying the differential costs and choosing the most cost–effective corrosion remedial measures. Life cycle costs for the remedial measures are influenced by many costing variables such as initial costs, periodic maintenance costs, frequency years and analysis period. The best practice of LCCA should not only consider agency expenditures but also user costs and sensitivity analysis throughout the service life of a remedial measure. Key words: Life cycle analysis, concrete bridges, corrosion, remedial measures, structural rehabilitation, cost-effective, net present value method (NPV)

scholarly journals Assessment of the Nutritional Impact of Agricultural Research: The Case of Mungbean in Pakistan

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katinka Weinberger
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Piece Rate ◽  
The Impact

Background Evaluation of agricultural research often neglects consumption and nutrition aspects. Yet agricultural research can address micronutrient malnutrition by improving both quantity and quality of food intake. Objective To briefly review the conceptual linkages between agriculture and nutrition, to estimate the strength of the relationship between iron intake and productivity outcomes, and to estimate the nutritional benefit of improved mungbean varieties in terms of net present value. This paper presents a methodology for assessing the nutritional impact of mungbean, and summarizes current impact evidence on the path from mungbean research to consumption. Methods A consumption study was conducted among female piece-rate workers in Pakistan to analyze the impact of iron consumption on productivity, measured in wages. A two-stage least-squares analysis was used to estimate the elasticity of iron intake on wages. The results derived from this study were extrapolated to country level using secondary data sources. Results We found that anemia among women was widespread. Approximately two-thirds of women suffered from mild or severe anemia (Hb < 12 g/dL). We found the elasticity of bioavailable iron on productivity measured in wages was 0.056, and the marginal effect was 9.17 Pakistani rupees per additional mg of bioavailable iron consumed. Using the model results we estimated the impact of mungbean research on nutrition, in terms of productivity effects, and found it was substantial, ranging from US$7.6 to 10.1 million cumulative present value (in 1995 US$ at 5% discount rate). Conclusions Agriculture certainly plays an important role in the reduction of malnutrition. Agricultural research has greatly contributed to the reduction of hunger and starvation by providing millions of hungry people with access to low-cost staple foods. Now, as the challenge shifts to the reduction of micronutrient deficiencies, more efforts must be directed toward crops high in micronutrients, such as pulses and vegetables.

scholarly journals The economic value of an investment in physiotherapy education: a net present value analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Rivers ◽  
Jonathan Foo ◽  
Dragan Ilic ◽  
Peter Nicklen ◽  
Scott Reeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Physiotherapy Education

scholarly journals Enhanced Oil Recovery and CO2 Storage Potential Outside North America: An Economic Assessment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Ward ◽  
Wolfgang Heidug
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Oil Reservoirs ◽  
Co2 Eor ◽  
Storage Potential

Storing carbon dioxide (CO2 ) in oil reservoirs as part of CO2 -based enhanced oil recovery (CO2 -EOR) can be a cost-effective solution to reduce emissions into the atmosphere. In this paper, we analyze the economics of this option in order to estimate the amount of CO2 that could be profitably stored in different regions of the world. We consider situations in which the CO2 -EOR operator either purchases the CO2 supplied or is paid for its storage. Building upon extensive data sets concerning the characteristics and location of oil reservoirs and emission sources, the paper focuses on opportunities outside North America. Using net present value (NPV) as an indicator for profitability, we conduct a break-even analysis to relate CO2 supply prices (positive or negative) to economically viable storage potential.

scholarly journals Mastitis risk effect on the economic consequences of paratuberculosis control in dairy cattle: A stochastic modeling study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Verteramo Chiu ◽  
L. W. Tauer ◽  
Y.T. Gröhn ◽  
R. L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Elisa Testing

ABSTRACTThe benefits and efficacy of control programs for herds infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) have been investigated under various contexts. However, most previous research investigated paratuberculosis control programs in isolation, without modeling the potential association with other dairy diseases. This paper evaluated the benefits of MAP control programs when the herd is also affected by mastitis, a common disease causing the largest losses in dairy production. The effect of typically suggested MAP controls were estimated under the assumption that MAP infection increased the rate of clinical mastitis. We evaluated one hundred twenty three control strategies comprising various combinations of testing, culling, and hygiene, and found that the association of paratuberculosis with mastitis alters the ranking of specific MAP control programs, but only slightly alters the cost-effectiveness of particular MAP control components, as measured by the distribution of net present value of a representative U.S. dairy operation. In particular, although testing and culling for MAP resulted in a reduction in MAP incidence, that control led to lower net present value (NPV) per cow. When testing was used, ELISA was more cost-effective than alternative testing regimes, especially if mastitis was explicitly modeled as more likely in MAP-infected animals, but ELISA testing was only significantly associated with higher NPV if mastitis was not included in the model at all. Additional hygiene was associated with a lower NPV per cow, although it lowered MAP prevalence. Overall, the addition of an increased risk of mastitis in MAP-infected animals did not change model recommendations as much as failing to consider mastitis at all.

Economics of Purchasing Genetically Superior Beef Bulls

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Clary ◽  
J. W. Jordan ◽  
C. E. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Additional Amount ◽  
Bid Price ◽  
Beef Herd ◽  
Alternative Scenarios ◽  
The Impact

AbstractNet present value analysis is used to derive the marginal bid price for a beef herd sire from after-tax net revenues and cash flow influenced by genetic improvements. Marginal bid price represents the additional amount a producer could pay, above the present value of the current beef herd sire, for a sire expected to exhibit superior performance as reflected by increased average weaning weights of offspring.An analysis of the profitability of purchasing a breeding bull for a commercial beef cow herd is presented as an application. Several alternative scenarios illustrate the impact of selected determinants on the marginal bid price of a bull.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document