scholarly journals Analyzing Characteristics of Particulate Matter Pollution in Open-Pit Coal Mines: Implications for Green Mining

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2680
Author(s):  
Huaiting Luo ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Izhar Mithal Jiskani ◽  
Zhiming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Particulate Pollution ◽  
The Impact

The particulate pollution in the open-pit coal mines of China is particularly severe in winter. The aim of this study is to understand the pollution characteristics of particulate matter (PM) in winter and provide a basis for the prevention and control of particulate pollution. We took the problem of PM concentration at the bottom of the Haerwusu Open-pit Coal Mine (HOCM) as the research object. Dust monitoring equipment at two measurement points at different heights were positioned for continuous monitoring of the PM concentration. The data for three months were gathered. Statistical analyses were performed to analyze the variation characteristics of the PM and its relationship with meteorological factors. The results show that the average PM concentration in the study area is below the average daily limit of the China National Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012). However, the average concentration of PM10 exceeded the national limit in December. The order of PM concentration is observed as December > January > February. The correlation of PM is found to be positive with humidity and negative with wind speed. Temperature is found to be positively correlated with PM in December, while it is negative in January. At the same time, the temperature difference in December is negatively correlated with PM concentration. Under the combined action of multiple meteorological factors, the magnitude of the impact on the PM concentration at the bottom of the pit in winter is humidity > temperature > wind speed > temperature difference (inverse temperature intensity). In conclusion, PM2.5 is found to be more sensitive to environmental factors. The results of this study are particularly useful to progress in green mining.

scholarly journals The Temporal And Spatial Changes Of Beijing’s Pm 2.5 Concentration And Its Relationship With Meteorological Factors From 2015 To 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Guo Peng ◽  
A. B. Umarova ◽  
G. S. Bykova
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Daily Average ◽  
Annual Average Concentration ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Currently, Beijing is facing increasing serious air quality problems. Atmospheric pollutants in Beijing are mainly composed of particulate matter, which is a key factor leading to adverse effects on human health. This paper uses hourly data from 36 environmental monitoring stations in Beijing from 2015 to 2020 to obtain the temporal and spatial distribution of the mass concentration of particulate matter with a diameter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5). The 36 stations established by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the Beijing Environmental Protection Monitoring Center and obtain continuous real-time monitoring of particulate matter. And the 36 stations are divided into 13 main urban environmental assessment points, 11 suburban assessment points, 1 control point, 6 district assessment points, and 5 traffic pollution monitoring points. The annual average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing was 60 μg/m3 with a negative trend of approximately 14% year-1. In urban areas the annual average concentration of PM2.5 was 59 μg/m3, in suburbs 56 μg/m3, in traffic areas 63 μg/m3, and in district areas 62 μg/m3. From 2015 to 2020, in urban areas PM2.5 decreased by 14% year-1, in suburbs by 15% year -1, in traffic areas by 15% year-1, and in district areas by 12% year-1. The quarterly average concentrations of PM2.5 in winter andspring are higher than those in summer and autumn (64 μg/m3, 59 μg/m3, 45 μg/m3, 55 μg/m3, respectively). The influenceof meteorological factors on the daily average value of PM2.5 in each season was analysed. The daily average PM2.5 in spring, summer, autumn and winter is significantly negatively correlated with daily average wind speed, sunshine hours, and air pressure, and significantly positively correlated with daily average rainfall and relative humidity. Except for autumn, the daily average PM2.5 is positively correlated with temperature. Although Beijing’s PM2.5 has been declining since the adoption of the‘Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan’, it is still far from the first level of the new ‘Ambient Air Quality Standard’(GB309S-2012) formulated by China in 2012.

scholarly journals The impact of measures to reduce ambient air PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations originating from road dust, evaluated for a street canyon in Helsinki

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 11199-11212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Stojiljkovic ◽  
Mari Kauhaniemi ◽  
Jaakko Kukkonen ◽  
Kaarle Kupiainen ◽  
Ari Karppinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Street Canyon ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Quality Measurements ◽  
Emission Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quality Measurements

Abstract. We have numerically evaluated how effective selected potential measures would be for reducing the impact of road dust on ambient air particulate matter (PM10). The selected measures included a reduction of the use of studded tyres on light-duty vehicles and a reduction of the use of salt or sand for traction control. We have evaluated these measures for a street canyon located in central Helsinki for four years (2007–2009 and 2014). Air quality measurements were conducted in the street canyon for two years, 2009 and 2014. Two road dust emission models, NORTRIP (NOn-exhaust Road TRaffic Induced Particle emissions) and FORE (Forecasting Of Road dust Emissions), were applied in combination with the Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM), a street canyon dispersion model, to compute the street increments of PM10 (i.e. the fraction of PM10 concentration originating from traffic emissions at the street level) within the street canyon. The predicted concentrations were compared with the air quality measurements. Both road dust emission models reproduced the seasonal variability of the PM10 concentrations fairly well but under-predicted the annual mean values. It was found that the largest reductions of concentrations could potentially be achieved by reducing the fraction of vehicles that use studded tyres. For instance, a 30 % decrease in the number of vehicles using studded tyres would result in an average decrease in the non-exhaust street increment of PM10 from 10 % to 22 %, depending on the model used and the year considered. Modelled contributions of traction sand and salt to the annual mean non-exhaust street increment of PM10 ranged from 4 % to 20 % for the traction sand and from 0.1 % to 4 % for the traction salt. The results presented here can be used to support the development of optimal strategies for reducing high springtime particulate matter concentrations originating from road dust.

scholarly journals Geochemical and Mineralogical Characteristics of Airborne Particulate Matter in Relation to Human Health Risk

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Rachwał ◽  
Małgorzata Wawer ◽  
Mariola Jabłońska ◽  
Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska ◽  
Patrycja Rogula-Kopiec
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Health Indices

The main objective of this research was the determination of the geochemical and mineralogical properties of particulate matter: TSP (total suspended particles) and, especially PM1 (particles with aerodynamic diameter not greater than 1 µm) suspended in the air of a selected urban area in southern Poland. Identification of the emission sources of metals and metalloids bound in TSP and PM1 as well as the assessment of potential risk of urban ambient air to human health using hazard indices was an additional aim of this investigation. The daily TSP and PM1 quartz fiber filters collected during heating season were subjected to mass magnetic susceptibility (χ) measurements, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) observations and geochemical analyses. Obtained results revealed that the concentration of TSP and PM1 well correlated with their mass-specific magnetic susceptibility. The good relationship between the PM concentration and χ suggests that magnetic susceptibility measurements can be a good proxy of low-level atmospheric dust pollution. The rank order of potentially toxic elements (PTE) based on average concentration was Ba > Zn > Al > Fe > Pb > Mn > Ti > Cu > Cr > Ni >As > Cd > V > Tl, both for TSP and PM1. PM1/TSP ratios for PTE concentrations and χ were around or slightly above unity, which indicated that PM1 was the main carrier of PTE (with the exception of cadmium, copper and lead) and technogenic magnetic particles. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were confirmed by very high values of human health indices.

scholarly journals INVESTIGASI PENGARUH KONDISI LALU LINTAS DAN ASPEK METEOROLOGI TERHADAP KONSENTRASI PENCEMAR SO2 DI KOTA SEMARANG

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Titik Istirokhatun ◽  
Ita Tetriana Agustini ◽  
Sudarno Sudarno
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Road Users ◽  
The Impact

The  presence  of  air  pollution  in  ambient  air  is  closely  related  to  the incidence  of  adverse reactions affecting human health. One of harmful pollutants and potentially major cause health problems is sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ). The number of vehicles that are passing and queuing on the crossroads  because  of  traffic light can  affect  the  concentration  of  SO 2 .  Besides,  in  these locations  there  are a lot of road users  which  are  potentially  exposed  by  contaminants, so information about the concentration of SO 2  is important to know. This study aimed to investigate the  impact  of  meteorological  factors  and  the  number  of vehicles  on  SO 2   concentrations. Impinger was used for air sampling, and pararosaniline method was used for determining SO 2  concentration. Sampling and calculation  of the number of passing vehicles were performed 3 times ie in the morning, afternoon and evening. Based on the results of the study, the highest concentrations of SO 2  were on the range of 15-21 mg/Nm3.

scholarly journals Effect of Short-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Temperature on Acute Myocardial Infarction in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4822
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Shin ◽  
Jongmin Oh ◽  
In Sook Kang ◽  
Eunhee Ha ◽  
Wook Bum Pyun
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
The Impact

Background/Aim: Previous studies have suggested that the short-term ambient air pollution and temperature are associated with myocardial infarction. In this study, we aimed to conduct a time-series analysis to assess the impact of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and temperature on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among adults over 20 years of age in Korea by using the data from the Korean National Health Information Database (KNHID). Methods: The daily data of 192,567 AMI cases in Seoul were collected from the nationwide, population-based KNHID from 2005 to 2014. The monitoring data of ambient PM2.5 from the Seoul Research Institute of Public Health and Environment were also collected. A generalized additive model (GAM) that allowed for a quasi-Poisson distribution was used to analyze the effects of PM2.5 and temperature on the incidence of AMI. Results: The models with PM2.5 lag structures of lag 0 and 2-day averages of lag 0 and 1 (lag 01) showed significant associations with AMI (Relative risk [RR]: 1.011, CI: 1.003–1.020 for lag 0, RR: 1.010, CI: 1.000–1.020 for lag 01) after adjusting the covariates. Stratification analysis conducted in the cold season (October–April) and the warm season (May–September) showed a significant lag 0 effect for AMI cases in the cold season only. Conclusions: In conclusion, acute exposure to PM2.5 was significantly associated with AMI morbidity at lag 0 in Seoul, Korea. This increased risk was also observed at low temperatures.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular adaptations to particle inhalation exposure: molecular mechanisms of the toxicology

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (2) ◽  
pp. H282-H305
Author(s):  
Amina Kunovac ◽  
Quincy A. Hathaway ◽  
Mark V. Pinti ◽  
Andrew D. Taylor ◽  
John M. Hollander
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Particle Inhalation ◽  
The Impact

Ambient air, occupational settings, and the use and distribution of consumer products all serve as conduits for toxicant exposure through inhalation. While the pulmonary system remains a primary target following inhalation exposure, cardiovascular implications are exceptionally culpable for increased morbidity and mortality. The epidemiological evidence for cardiovascular dysfunction resulting from acute or chronic inhalation exposure to particulate matter has been well documented, but the mechanisms driving the resulting disturbances remain elusive. In the current review, we aim to summarize the cellular and molecular mechanisms that are directly linked to cardiovascular health following exposure to a variety of inhaled toxicants. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the biochemical changes in the cardiovascular system following particle inhalation exposure and to highlight potential biomarkers that exist across multiple exposure paradigms. We attempt to integrate these molecular signatures in an effort to provide direction for future investigations. This review also characterizes how molecular responses are modified in at-risk populations, specifically the impact of environmental exposure during critical windows of development. Maternal exposure to particulate matter during gestation can lead to fetal epigenetic reprogramming, resulting in long-term deficits to the cardiovascular system. In both direct and indirect (gestational) exposures, connecting the biochemical mechanisms with functional deficits outlines pathways that can be targeted for future therapeutic intervention. Ultimately, future investigations integrating “omics”-based approaches will better elucidate the mechanisms that are altered by xenobiotic inhalation exposure, identify biomarkers, and guide in clinical decision making.

Concentration Features and Elemental Characteristics of PM10 in Brown Haze Episode

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1661-1664
Author(s):  
Li Kun Huang ◽  
Chung Shin Yuan ◽  
Guang Zhi Wang ◽  
Kun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
Haze Episode ◽  
Respirable Particulate ◽  
Haze Days

The correlation between PM10 and meteorological factors were investigated, such as wind speed, atmospheric visibility, dew point, relative humidity, and ambient temperature during the brown haze episode. In order to identify the elemental characteristics and concentration features of PM10 during brown haze episode, respirable particulate matter (PM10) was collected during non-haze days and haze days and further analyzed for 20 elements. Among the metallic elements, S, K, Si, and Ca contributed major composition of PM10. S came mainly from coal burning and K was mainly attributed from incinerators and abandoned biomass burning. Furthermore, As was not detectable in non-haze days, while its concentration was 0.15~0.17 μg/m3 in haze days, which would be very much harmful to human health. However, the variation of Sr, Ti, Cr, and Cd was insignificantly, mainly due to low relevance with human activities and/or cross-boundary transportation.

scholarly journals The Study of PM10 Concentration and Trace Metal Content in Different Areas of Karachi, Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Durdana Rais Hashmi ◽  
Akhtar Shareef ◽  
Farooq Ahmed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Industrial Zone ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Air Sampler

Atmospheric particulate matter may exert serious health hazards because of its chemicalcharacteristics. Aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of particulate matter (PM) with anaerodynamic diameter <10 mm (PM10), and air transmitted particulate trace metals in different areas ofKarachi’s ambient air, for the period of 01 year viz. June 2011 to June 2012. Furthermore, the present workcompares the levels of particulate matter and trace metals with the proposed limiting values from the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (65 mg/m3 for PM10). The sampling for PM10 was performed by usinga high volume air sampler. The PM10 levels were determined by gravimetry and the metals by graphitefurnace. Arithmetic means of 361.0 mg/m3 was determined for PM10 in commercial areas, 275.0 mg/m3 inresidential areas, 438.0 mg/m3 in industrial areas and 68.9 mg/m3 in background areas of Karachi. Tracemetal content in PM10, such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) were also analysed separately during the sameperiod using atomic absorption spectrometry. The average concentration of Pb were found in commercialzone 1.36 mg/m3, in residential zone 1.0 mg/m3, in industrial zone 1.46 mg/m3 and in urban backgroundzone 0.6 mg/m3, whereas; Cd concentration in commercial zone 0.10 µg/m3, in residential zone 0.02 µg/m3,in industrial zone 0.25 µg/m3 and in urban background zone 0.01 µg/m3, respectively.

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