scholarly journals Software Framework for Testing of Automated Driving Systems in the Traffic Environment of Vissim

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3135
Author(s):  
Demin Nalic ◽  
Aleksa Pandurevic ◽  
Arno Eichberger ◽  
Martin Fellendorf ◽  
Branko Rogic
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Driver Model ◽  
Software Framework ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Traffic Environment ◽  
And Performance

As the complexity of automated driving systemss (ADSs) with automation levels above level 3 is rising, virtual testing for such systems is inevitable and necessary. The complexity of testing these levels lies in the modeling and calculation demands for the virtual environment, which consists of roads, traffic, static and dynamic objects, as well as the modeling of the car itself. An essential part of the safety and performance analysis of ADSs is the modeling and consideration of dynamic road traffic participants. There are multiple forms of traffic flow simulation software (TFSS), which are used to reproduce realistic traffic behavior and are integrated directly or over interfaces with vehicle simulation software environments. In this paper we focus on the TFSS from PTV Vissim in a co-simulation framework which combines Vissim and CarMaker. As it is a commonly used software in industry and research, it also provides complex driver models and interfaces to manipulate and develop customized traffic participants. Using the driver model DLL interface (DMDI) from Vissim it is possible to manipulate traffic participants or adjust driver models in a defined manner. Based on the DMDI, we extended the code and developed a framework for the manipulation and testing of ADSs in the traffic environment of Vissim. The efficiency and performance of the developed software framework are evaluated using the co-simulation framework for the testing of ADSs, which is based on Vissim and CarMaker.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of a Co-Simulation Framework for Testing of Automated Driving Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demin Nalic ◽  
Aleksa Pandurevic ◽  
Arno Eichberger ◽  
Branko Rogic
Keyword(s):  
Test Procedure ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Test Scenarios

The increasingly used approach of combining different simulation software for testing of automated driving systems (ADS) increases the need for potential and convenient software designs. Recently developed co-simulation platforms (CSP) provide the possibility to cover the high demand on testing kilometres for ADS by combining vehicle simulation with traffic flow simulation software (TFSS) environments. Having chosen a suitable CSP rises up the question how the test procedures should be defined and constructed and what are the relevant test scenarios. Parameters of the ADS in vehicle simulation, traffic parameter in TFSS and combination of all these can be used for the definition of test scenarios. Thus the automation of a process, consisting of vehicle and traffic parameters and a suitable CSP, a test procedure for ADS should be well designed and implemented. This paper presents the design and implementation of a complex co-simulation framework for virtual ADS testing combining IPG CarMaker and PTV Vissim.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of a Co-Simulation Framework for Testing of Automated Driving Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demin Nalic ◽  
Aleksa Pandurevic ◽  
Arno Eichberger ◽  
Branko Rogic
Keyword(s):  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Mvc Design Pattern ◽  
Traffic Flow Simulation ◽  
Model View Controller ◽  
Test Scenarios ◽  
Model View

The increasingly used approach of combining different simulation softwares in testing of automated driving systems (ADSs) increases the need for potential and convenient software designs. Recently developed co-simulation platforms (CSPs) provide the possibility to cover the high demand for testing kilometers for ADSs by combining vehicle simulation software (VSS) with traffic flow simulation software (TFSS) environments. The emphasis on the demand for testing kilometers is not enough to choose a suitable CSP. The complexity levels of the vehicle, object, sensors, and environment models used are essential for valid and representative simulation results. Choosing a suitable CSP raises the question of how the test procedures should be defined and constructed and what the relevant test scenarios are. Parameters of the ADS, environments, objects, and sensors in the VSS, as well as traffic parameters in the TFSS, can be used to define and generate test scenarios. In order to generate a large number of scenarios in a systematic and automated way, suitable and appropriate software designs are required. In this paper, we present a software design for a CSP based on the Model–View–Controller (MVC) design pattern as well as an implementation of a complex CSP for virtual testing of ADSs. Based on this design, an implementation of a CSP is presented using the VSS from IPG Automotive (CarMaker) and the TFSS from the PTV Group (Vissim). The results showed that the presented CSP design and the implementation of the co-simulation can be used to generate relevant scenarios for testing of ADSs.

Comprehensive preview decision-making method for direction and speed of intelligent vehicle based on rules and mechanisms

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110347
Author(s):  
Guan Hsin ◽  
He Fei ◽  
Zhang Li-zeng ◽  
Jia Xin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Control Object ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Driver Model ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Environment ◽  
Grid Optimization ◽  
Weighting Coefficients

According to the existing driver model, the objective function is coupled with continuity factors and discontinuity factors, which makes it difficult to determine the weighting coefficients in multi-objective optimization, which will cause dangerous situations such as the vehicle rushing out of the road boundary; in response to this problem, this paper proposes a driver model adapted to the complex traffic environment, based on the mechanism modeling of continuity factors and rule modeling of discontinuity factors. In view of the difficulty of traditional optimization algorithms to find a balance between efficiency and accuracy, this paper proposes a grid optimization algorithm that takes into account both efficiency and accuracy. In order to reduce the amount of calculation in the preview decision-making process, this paper proposes a curve integral method based on the laws of vehicle kinematics to predict the position of the vehicle to judge whether a collision will occur. The driver model is established in the Simulink simulation environment, and the C-level prototype model in the vehicle dynamics simulation software CarSim is selected as the control object, the results show that the proposed the preview decision model effectively solves the problem of divergence in the optimization solution, and can also ensure safety and traffic rules in a complex traffic environment, improving the quality of the model.

scholarly journals Can Automated Vehicles Improve Cyclist Safety in Urban Areas?

Safety ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlos Tafidis ◽  
Ali Pirdavani ◽  
Tom Brijs ◽  
Haneen Farah
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Traffic Flow Simulation

Automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to assist in decreasing road traffic fatalities, particularly among passenger cars. However, until now limited research has been conducted on how they will impact the safety of vulnerable road users (VRUs) (i.e., cyclists and pedestrians). Therefore, there is a clear need to start taking into account the interactions between AVs and VRUs as an integrated element of the transport network, especially in urban areas where they are dominant. The objective of this study is to verify whether the anticipated implementation of AVs can actually improve cyclists’ safety. For this purpose, the microscopic traffic flow simulation software PTV Vissim combined with the surrogate safety assessment model (SSAM) were utilized. The road network used for this analysis was generated based on a real study case in a medium-sized city in Belgium, where narrow streets in the city center are shared on many occasions between vehicles and cyclists. The findings of the analysis show a notable reduction in the total number of conflicts between cars, but also between cars and cyclists, compared to the current situation, assuming a 100% market penetration scenario for AVs. Moreover, the severity level of conflicts also decreased as a result of the lack of human-driven vehicles in the traffic streams.

Safety Enhancement by Automated Driving: What are the Relevant Scenarios?

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1686-1690
Author(s):  
Niklas Grabbe ◽  
Michael Höcher ◽  
Alexander Thanos ◽  
Klaus Bengler
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Human Driver ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Vehicle Automation ◽  
Safety Enhancement

Automated driving offers great possibilities in traffic safety advancement. However, evidence of safety cannot be provided by current validation methods. One promising solution to overcome the approval trap (Winner, 2015) could be the scenario-based approach. Unfortunately, this approach still results in a huge number of test cases. One possible way out is to show the current, incorrect path in the argumentation and strategy of vehicle automation, and focus on the systemic mechanisms of road traffic safety. This paper therefore argues the case for defining relevant scenarios and analysing them systemically in order to ultimately reduce the test cases. The relevant scenarios are based on the strengths and weaknesses, in terms of the driving task, for both the human driver and automation. Finally, scenarios as criteria for exclusion are being proposed in order to systemically assess the contribution of the human driver and automation to road safety.

Computer Simulation of an Engine Environmental Control System

2013 ◽  
Vol 850-851 ◽  
pp. 355-358
Author(s):  
Dong Du
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Temperature Decrease ◽  
Environmental System ◽  
Passenger Aircraft

This paper describes the use of Fluid Flow Simulation Software to model a passenger aircraft engine environmental control system. The analysis simulates the cooling pack and the engine distribution system in a single model.The engine environmental system is very important for engine working efficiently. Using AMEsim software to simulate the cooling system can make it easily and clearly. The influence of the heat component and the fan operating is studied also. Through the analysis of the cooling system, we know that with the help of fan, the system can get additional air in the radiator and make the temperature decrease consequently.

MODEL OF ACTIVITY OF A CANDIDATE FOR DRIVERS IN THE SYSTEM «CADET-CAR-ROAD-TRAFFIC ENVIRONMENT»

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Ageev Еvgeny Viktorovich ◽  
◽  
Novikov Alexander Nikolaevich ◽  
Vinogradov Еvgeny Sergeevich ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Behavior Skills ◽  
Traffic Environment ◽  
Safe Behavior ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Operator Tasks

Presents a model of the activity of a candidate for drivers in the system «Cadet-Car-Road-Traffic environment». The main factors that have a direct impact on the formation of safe behavior skills while driving a vehicle at the stage of professional training of driving personnel are identified, which are: the probability of trouble-free, error-free, and timely performance of operator tasks.

Hygrothermal Performance and Degradation of Gypsum Houses in Different Brazilian Climates

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 137-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M.S.F. Almeida ◽  
P. Paula ◽  
A. Santos ◽  
N.M.M. Ramos ◽  
J.M.P.Q. Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Software ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Computer Simulation Model ◽  
Water Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Hygrothermal Simulation ◽  
Durability Assessment ◽  
And Performance

This work consisted of two main lines of research: one of a literature review and other of simulation. In the first part, a modular constructive system based on gypsum blocks is presented. This constructive system reduces the manpower considerably, the time of execution and the final costs of construction. However, the durability assessment should be analysed but first its implementation and performance along the country must analysed.In this work a preliminary experimental characterization of the thermal conductivity, vapour permeability and water absorption coefficient of two different samples of gypsum plasters from the northeast Brazil (plaster pole of Araripe, Pernambuco) was performed. The experimental and analytical procedures followed either international standards or well-established methodologies, supporting the analysis of gypsum walls hygrothermal behaviour. The measured properties were adopted as inputs to hygrothermal simulation software and the analysis of gypsum based exterior walls was conducted for different climate zones and exposure conditions. The study demonstrates the durability issues that may arise in each location, due to differences in hygrothermal action.The other simulation part included hygrothermal advanced modelling, using the EnergyPlus software. The numerical results carried out allow a discussion over the interior comfort and durability of this modular constructive system. In this paper, the computer simulation model and the results of a parametric analysis of the dwelling performance on the eight climatic regions defined in Brazilian regulations are presented. The model was validated using the in situ measurements of air temperature.

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