scholarly journals Development of a Smart Meter for Power Quality-Based Tariff Implementation in a Smart Grid

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6171
Author(s):  
Mayurkumar Rajkumar Balwani ◽  
Karthik Thirumala ◽  
Vivek Mohan ◽  
Siqi Bu ◽  
Mini Shaji Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Energy Metering ◽  
Cost Efficient

Regarding the modern power smart grid, distribution consumers and prosumers are highly concerned about power quality (PQ). In fact, they would prefer to pay higher prices for a reliable and good quality power supply. Unfortunately, utility operators still aim for reliability alone, ignoring the quality of supply voltage and current. There are no clear guidelines for monitoring, penalizing, or implementing PQ-based tariff schemes in LV distribution systems. In addition, the implementation of a PQ-based tariff requires a real-time measuring mechanism at the user end, which is very expensive and difficult to understand for a domestic consumer. This paper presents a novel, low-cost, efficient, and user-friendly smart PQ meter to overcome these issues and limitations. It is essentially a PQ analyzer with energy metering functionality, which implements a novel PQ-based tariff scheme that penalizes consumers violating the PQ limits and provides incentives for a good PQ profile. It measures as many as 28 parameters and keeps track of the PQ for both the consumer and the grid in real-time. This paper demonstrates the specifications, design, and testing of the meter and proves the validity of the concept by practical implementation. The meter is practical, feasible, and economical for implementing PQ-based tariff schemes in LV distribution systems or smart grids.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Survey on Cyber-Physical Smart Grid Testbed Architectures: Requirements and Challenges

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1043
Author(s):  
Abdallah A. Smadi ◽  
Babatunde Tobi Ajao ◽  
Brian K. Johnson ◽  
Hangtian Lei ◽  
Yacine Chakhchoukh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Time Data

The integration of improved control techniques with advanced information technologies enables the rapid development of smart grids. The necessity of having an efficient, reliable, and flexible communication infrastructure is achieved by enabling real-time data exchange between numerous intelligent and traditional electrical grid elements. The performance and efficiency of the power grid are enhanced with the incorporation of communication networks, intelligent automation, advanced sensors, and information technologies. Although smart grid technologies bring about valuable economic, social, and environmental benefits, testing the combination of heterogeneous and co-existing Cyber-Physical-Smart Grids (CP-SGs) with conventional technologies presents many challenges. The examination for both hardware and software components of the Smart Grid (SG) system is essential prior to the deployment in real-time systems. This can take place by developing a prototype to mimic the real operational circumstances with adequate configurations and precision. Therefore, it is essential to summarize state-of-the-art technologies of industrial control system testbeds and evaluate new technologies and vulnerabilities with the motivation of stimulating discoveries and designs. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the advancement of CP-SGs with their corresponding testbeds including diverse testing paradigms has been performed. In particular, we broadly discuss CP-SG testbed architectures along with the associated functions and main vulnerabilities. The testbed requirements, constraints, and applications are also discussed. Finally, the trends and future research directions are highlighted and specified.

scholarly journals Smart Sensors for Smart Grid Reliability

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Alonso ◽  
Hortensia Amaris ◽  
Daniel Alcala ◽  
Diana M. Florez R.
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Test System ◽  
Smart Sensors ◽  
Smart Sensor ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Time Operation ◽  
Real Time Operation

Sensors for monitoring electrical parameters over an entire electricity network infrastructure play a fundamental role in protecting smart grids and improving the network’s energy efficiency. When a short circuit takes place in a smart grid it has to be sensed as soon as possible to reduce its fault duration along the network and to reduce damage to the electricity infrastructure as well as personal injuries. Existing protection devices, which are used to sense the fault, range from classic analog electro-mechanics relays to modern intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). However, both types of devices have fixed adjustment settings (offline stage) and do not provide any coordination among them under real-time operation. In this paper, a new smart sensor is developed that offers the capability to update its adjustment settings during real-time operation, in coordination with the rest of the smart sensors spread over the network. The proposed sensor and the coordinated protection scheme were tested in a standard smart grid (IEEE 34-bus test system) under different short circuit scenarios and renewable energy penetration. Results suggest that the short-circuit fault sensed by the smart sensor is improved up to 80% and up to 64% compared with analog electromechanics relays and IEDs, respectively.

scholarly journals PQ and Harmonic Assessment Issues on Low-Cost Smart Metering Platforms: A Case Study

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6361
Author(s):  
Giovanni Artale ◽  
Giuseppe Caravello ◽  
Antonio Cataliotti ◽  
Valentina Cosentino ◽  
Dario Di Cara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Energy Metering ◽  
Instrument Transformers ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents a feasibility study on how to implement power quality (PQ) metrics in a low-cost smart metering platform. The study is aimed at verifying the possibility of implementing PQ monitoring in distribution networks without replacing existing smart metering devices or adding new modules for PQ measurements, thus zeroing the installation costs. To this aim, an electronic board, currently used for remote energy metering, was chosen as a case study, specifically the STCOMET platform. Starting from the specifications of this device, the possibility of implementing power quality metrics is investigated in order to verify if compliance with standard requirements for PQ instruments can be obtained. Issues related to device features constraints are discussed; possible solutions and correction algorithms are presented and experimentally verified for different PQ metrics with a particular focus on harmonic analysis. The feasibility study takes into account both the use of on-board voltage and current transducers for low voltage applications and also the impact of external instrument transformers on measurement results.

Real Time Power Quality Phenomenon for Various Distribution Feeders

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bharatiraja ◽  
Harish Chowdary V
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Energy Devices

Power Quality (PQ) brings more challenges to the large- scale and medium scale industries because in the recent years most of them use high efficiency and low energy devices which cause vulnerable PQ disturbances at Point of Common Coupling (PCC). In this paper, the measurement at different times during load condition and analysis of all types of disturbances occurred has been done. When large rated equipments run, the disturbance (harmonics, RMS variations, and switching transients) levels are very high and poor power factor (PF) has also appeared. Due to this poor PF, reactive power consumption in load increases and accordingly total power increases. An electronic device such as LED lights, fluorescent lamps, computers, copy machines, and laser printers also disturb the supply voltage. We are very well known that every PQ problem directly or indirectly must affect economically. Many researchers have investigated PQ audit for over three decades. However these studies and analysis have been done only at simulation level. Hence, the PQ analyzer based study is required to find out the PQ issues at distribution feeders. It will be a valuable guide for researchers, who are interested in the domain of PQ and wish to explore the opportunities offered by these techniques for further improvement in the field of PQ. This paper gives a brief Real Time PQ measurement using PQ analyzer HIOKI PW3198 at Distribution Feeders and it gives an idea to the researcher to optimize problems-related to PQ with respect to the high rated and low rated electric machinery of different feeders at PCC level. This study further extends to analyze the grid disturbances and looks forward to the optimization methods for each individual PQ disturbance.

Design and Implementation of Wireless Ad Hoc Smart Metering System for Power Quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 431 ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Yi Zhong ◽  
Yuan Ming Li ◽  
Yun Cao ◽  
Wen Hua Wu ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Energy Metering ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Energy Information

In order to facilitate the advanced measurement system with real-time interaction in smart grid and to satisfy the requirements for power quality management, a wireless ad hoc smart metering system for power quality using Internet of things (IoTs) technology is presented in the paper. By utilizing the energy metering module to collect energy information, the ZigBee ad hoc networks to transmit energy information, and the user monitoring terminal to support power grids management, the proposed system is able to efficiently realize the power quality information collection, transmission, processing and sharing. Experimental results demonstrate that the system performs real-time and precious monitoring of the distributed client power quality information, together with friendly and intelligent interaction capability.

A Dispatch Algorithm for Smart Grid with Wind Generation

2014 ◽  
Vol 704 ◽  
pp. 186-189
Author(s):  
Ming Sheng Gao ◽  
Hui Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Programming ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Programming Problem ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Retail Price ◽  
Wind Generation ◽  
Time Price

Due to the volatility and intermittence of wind generation, it is challenging to develop an economic dispatch algorithm for smart grids that not only meets the dynamic demand of electric energy, but also maximizes the benefits of energy suppliers using such renewable resource. In this paper, we account for smart grids with two categories of energy users, namely traditional energy users and opportunistic energy users, and address pricing and dispatch at one period of time (e.g., in hours). We model this problem as a stochastic programming problem that can be solved to determine the optimal day-ahead retail price, real-time price and the procurement of electricity energy.

scholarly journals Power quality issues in smart grids with photovoltaic power stations

Energetika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Yu. Shevchenko ◽  
Vitalii V. Volokhin ◽  
Illia M. Diahovchenko
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Energy Accounting ◽  
Energy Metering ◽  
Power Inverters

Problems of power quality and electric energy accounting often occur in networks with large pervasion of photovoltaic (PV) elements on rooftops of household and office buildings. In smart grids, including PV arrays electricity, which is sold back to the distribution network, requires approval of its parameters and quality control. Distributed power inverters generate higher harmonics which affect relay protection, automation systems, smart meters and power system’s reliability. In this article the influence of photovoltaic elements on the accuracy of electric energy metering and power quality questions are analysed.

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