scholarly journals How Agricultural Digital Innovation Can Benefit from Semantics: The Case of the AGROVOC Multilingual Thesaurus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Esther Mietzsch ◽  
Daniel Martini ◽  
Kristin Kolshus ◽  
Andrea Turbati ◽  
Imma Subirats
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Uniform Resource Identifier ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Areas Of Interest

AGROVOC is the multilingual thesaurus managed and published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Its content is available in more than 40 languages and covers all the FAO’s areas of interest. The structural basis is a resource description framework (RDF) and simple knowledge organization system (SKOS). More than 39,000 concepts identified by a uniform resource identifier (URI) and 800,000 terms are related through a hierarchical system and aligned to knowledge organization systems. This paper aims to illustrate the recent developments in the context of AGROVOC and to present use cases where it has contributed to enhancing the interoperability of data shared by different information systems.

scholarly journals ISO 21526 Conform Metadata Editor for FAIR Unicode SKOS Thesauri

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Stöhr ◽  
Andreas Günther ◽  
Raphael W. Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Validity Check ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
The World ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Metadata Editor ◽  
Resource Description

Metadata repositories are an indispensable component of data integration infrastructures and support semantic interoperability between knowledge organization systems. Standards for metadata representation like the ISO/IEC 11179 as well as the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) by the World Wide Web Consortium were published to ensure metadata interoperability, maintainability and sustainability. The FAIR guidelines were composed to explicate those aspects in four principles divided in fifteen sub-principles. The ISO/IEC 21526 standard extends the 11179 standard for the domain of health care and mandates that SKOS be used for certain scenarios. In medical informatics, the composition of health care SKOS classification schemes is often managed by documentalists and data scientists. They use editors, which support them in producing comprehensive and valid metadata. Current metadata editors either do not properly support the SKOS resource annotations, require server applications or make use of additional databases for metadata storage. These characteristics are contrary to the application independency and versatility of raw Unicode SKOS files, e.g. the custom text arrangement, extensibility or copy & paste editing. We provide an application that adds navigation, auto completion and validity check capabilities on top of a regular Unicode text editor.

Knowledge Organization Systems in Canadian Digital Library Collections

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Shiri
Keyword(s):  
Digital Library ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Search Behaviour ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Use Of Knowledge ◽  
Library Collections

The paper reports on a study of the ways in which Canadian digital library collections make use of knowledge organization systems to support users’ information search behaviour. The study identified 33 digital collections which have employed some type of knowledge organization system in their search interfaces.Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude sur la manière dont les systèmes d’organisation des connaissances sont utilisés par les collections des bibliothèques numériques canadiennes, afin d’assister le comportement de recherche informationnelle des utilisateurs. Cette étude a identifiée 33 collections numériques qui ont employé certains types de systèmes d’organisation des connaissances dans leurs interfaces de recherche. 

scholarly journals Representação em SKOS de um microtesauro de conhecimentos estratégicos nas organizações

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-198
Author(s):  
Marilia Winkler de Morais ◽  
Rogério Aparecido Sá Ramalho
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
De Se ◽  
Word Wide Web

RESUMO A retórica acerca da necessidade de se explorar ferramentas que contribuam para o crescimento ordenado da Web pelo prisma das transformações que o avanço tecnológico tem causado na sociedade é cada vez mais substancial. Sendo assim, métodos de organização da informação são de expressiva importância para garantir não apenas a recuperação da mesma, mas igualmente promover a transposição das fronteiras culturais e geográficas de acesso à informação. Nesse cenário, ressaltam-se os Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento (Knowledge Organization Systems) como ferramentas que englobam todos os tipos de esquemas que visam promover a gestão do conhecimento, como esquemas de classificação, cabeçalhos de assunto, tesauros, ontologias, entre outros. Em 2009, a Word Wide Web Consortium apresentou o SKOS - Simple Knowledge Organization System como um modelo que tem se destacado na padronização de recursos informacionais na Web, pois fornece uma maneira de representar os Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento tradicionais permitindo que eles sejam legíveis por máquinas. Considerando a crescente tendência de elaboração de tesauros para utilização em ambientes digitais, destacamos o Tesauro Brasileiro de Ciência da Informação, publicado em 2014 pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia, como instrumento fundamental para recuperar e acessar informações com precisão. Sem dúvidas, sua transposição para a Web representa ainda mais um avanço para a área de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação. Portanto, o presente trabalho se dedica à avaliação da conversão da categoria “Informação e Conhecimento Estratégicos nas Organizações” do Tesauro Brasileiro de Ciência da Informação em um microtesauro em SKOS. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho teórico e metodológico que se propõe a abordar os temas de representação, organização e disponibilização de vocabulários em ambientes digitais. Caracteriza-se, também, como pesquisa de natureza aplicada e exploratória uma vez que objetiva gerar conhecimentos para aplicação prática. O presente estudo evidenciou que o SKOS se apresenta como uma opção de baixo custo, favorece maior interoperabilidade entre vocabulários a partir da integração de diferentes conjuntos de dados e tem expressiva contribuição para o aperfeiçoamento das tradicionais ferramentas de recuperação da informação.

scholarly journals Modern Users of Libraries and the Linked Open Data Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-260
Author(s):  
Olga A. Lavrenova ◽  
Andrey A. Vinberg
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
State Library

The goal of any library is to ensure high quality and general availability of information retrieval tools. The paper describes the project implemented by the Russian State Library (RSL) to present Library Bibliographic Classification as a Networked Knowledge Organization System. The project goal is to support content and provide tools for ensuring system’s interoperability with other resources of the same nature (i.e. with Linked Data Vocabularies) in the global network environment. The project was partially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR).The RSL General Classified Catalogue (GCC) was selected as the main data source for the Classification system of knowledge organization. The meaning of each classification number is expressed by complete string of wordings (captions), rather than the last level caption alone. Data converted to the Resource Description Framework (RDF) files based on the standard set of properties defined in the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) model was loaded into the semantic storage for subsequent data processing using the SPARQL query language. In order to enrich user queries for search of resources, the RSL has published its Classification System in the form of Linked Open Data (https://lod.rsl.ru) for searching in the RSL electronic catalogue. Currently, the work is underway to enable its smooth integration with other LOD vocabularies. The SKOS mapping tags are used to differentiate the types of connections between SKOS elements (concepts) existing in different concept schemes, for example, UDC, MeSH, authority data.The conceptual schemes of the leading classifications are fundamentally different from each other. Establishing correspondence between concepts is possible only on the basis of lexical and structural analysis to compute the concept similarity as a combination of attributes.The authors are looking forward to working with libraries in Russia and other countries to create a common space of Linked Open Data vocabularies.

scholarly journals Ethically Responsible Knowledge Organization Systems: Towards an Intercultural User Interface

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2(110)) ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Quoc-Tan Tran
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Cultural Inclusiveness

PURPOSE/THESIS: This paper discusses the challenges of creating a theoretic framework within the context of an intercultural and ethically responsible knowledge organization system (KOS). APPROACH/METHODS: First, the paper explores ethical and societal concerns linked to the development of KOS. Second, it illustrates a way to tackle this ethical factor by proposing an applicable architecture for intercultural interfaces which respects cultural diversity on a global scale. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The author emphasizes the importance of opening up the notion of cultural inclusiveness, to weigh not only linguistic diversity but also other cultural and social aspects, such as geography, religious affiliations, tradition, historical elements, ethnic. This kind of approach should be attentive to intersectionality and cultural interoperability. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: By addressing local circumstances, the author offers insights into essential approaches that take into account cultural diversity when designing KOS and access interfaces to knowledge.

Re-examining Aristotle’s Categories as a Knowledge Organization System

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Brian Dobreski
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Subject Analysis ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
System P ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Ontological Modeling ◽  
Ontological Model

In his Categories, Aristotle details the kinds of being that exist, along with what can be understood and predicated of existing things. Most notably within this work, Aristotle advances a set of ten, top-level categories that can be used to classify all kinds of being. Even today, the influence of the Categories is felt in many domains, particularly in knowledge organization (KO). Here, Aristotle’s Categories bear deep, long-standing connections with works examining categorization, subject analysis, and theory of classification. Though its relation to ontology might seem obvious, connections to KO perspectives on knowledge organization systems (KOSs) and ontological modeling are curiously lacking. The aim of this work is to offer a re-examination of the Categories as a KOS, particularly through the lens of the KO field’s understandings of ontology. Utilizing Zeng’s classification of KOSs as a theoretical framework, this study draws parallels between the first two sections of the Categories and the defining features of ontologies and offers an initial ontological model of this work. The results of this re-examination stand to offer a new view of a fundamental work in the KO canon, draw further connections between past and present perspectives in KO, and further contribute to the theoretical grounding of contemporary KOS research and practice.

scholarly journals International Soft Laws against IUU Fishing for Sustainable Marine Resources: Adoption of the Voluntary Guidelines for Flag State Performance and Challenges for Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6013
Author(s):  
Tsung-Han Tai ◽  
Shih-Ming Kao ◽  
Wan-Chun Ho
Keyword(s):  
Soft Law ◽  
Iuu Fishing ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
United Nations Food ◽  
International Instruments ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Flag State ◽  
Voluntary Guidelines

Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing has become a key issue of increasing concern in the world. Led by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), recent developments focused on the role of port states as the principal actor against IUU fishing. However, the FAO adopted the Voluntary Guidelines for Flag State Performance (the Guidelines) in 2013, implying that the principal role against IUU fishing still corresponds to flag states. As one of the leading distant-water fishing nations, Taiwan has adopted many domestic regulations in accordance with these international instruments voluntarily, regardless of its statehood debate. Although the adoption of the Guidelines is “a real breakthrough” against IUU fishing, the instrument is “soft law” in nature, meaning the implementation of the Guidelines may depend on the political will of states, and the effectiveness and efficiency of the Guidelines are thus highly questionable. Furthermore, the consensus among states to adopt a legally binding agreement on flag state performance in the near future, akin to the development of the Port States Measures Agreement that successfully evolved from a “soft law” to a “hard law” basis, is not yet clear.

scholarly journals An evaluation of enhancing social tagging with a knowledge organization system

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 447-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Matthews ◽  
Catherine Jones ◽  
Bartłomiej Puzoń ◽  
Jim Moon ◽  
Douglas Tudhope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Social Tagging ◽  
Control Vocabulary ◽  
Information Discovery ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Subject Indexing

PurposeTraditional subject indexing and classification are considered infeasible in many digital collections. This paper seeks to investigate ways of enhancing social tagging via knowledge organization systems, with a view to improving the quality of tags for increased information discovery and retrieval performance.Design/methodology/approachEnhanced tagging interfaces were developed for exemplar online repositories, and trials were undertaken with author and reader groups to evaluate the effectiveness of tagging augmented with control vocabulary for subject indexing of papers in online repositories.FindingsThe results showed that using a knowledge organisation system to augment tagging does appear to increase the effectiveness of non‐specialist users (that is, without information science training) in subject indexing.Research limitations/implicationsWhile limited by the size and scope of the trials undertaken, these results do point to the usefulness of a mixed approach in supporting the subject indexing of online resources.Originality/valueThe value of this work is as a guide to future developments in the practical support for resource indexing in online repositories.

scholarly journals Devir-rizoma: tumulto na organização e representação do conhecimento | Becoming-rhizome: rampage in the knowledge organization and representation

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo De Sales
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Felix Guattari ◽  
Giorgio Agamben ◽  
Knowledge Representations ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Theoretical Reflection

RESUMO Considerando que os aportes que subsidiam teoricamente os sistemas de organização do conhecimento normalmente se amparam em perspectivas que consolidam visões estruturalistas, a fim de controlar e formalizar representações do conhecimento, ensaiamos neste artigo um possível limiar para organização e representação do conhecimento, baseado nos conceitos de devir e de rizoma definidos pelos filósofos Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. Tendo como horizonte a ideia de contemporaneidade de Giorgio Agamben, buscamos valorizar a potência dos devires e a intempestividade dos rizomas em prol de uma organização do conhecimento menos previsível e menos determinista. Alicerçado por um exercício de reflexão teórica, concluímos em defesa da realização de rizomas em oposição aos instrumentos já conhecidos e/ou praticados pela organização do conhecimento.Palavras-chave: Organização do Conhecimento; Representação do Conhecimento; Rizoma; Devir; Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento.ABSTRACT Considering that the theoretical contributions that support knowledge organization systems usually rely on perspectives that consolidate structuralist approaches, to control and formalize knowledge representations, we elaborate in this article a possible opening for a knowledge organization and representation based on the concepts of becoming and rhizome developed by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari. Based on the idea of contemporaneity by Giorgio Agamben, we seek to value the power of the becoming and the intempestivity of rhizomes in favor of a less predictable and deterministic knowledge organization. Supported by an exercise of theoretical reflection, we conclude in favor of rhizomes as opposed to systems already known and/or practiced in knowledge organization field.Keywords: Knowledge Organization; Knowledge Representation; Rhizome; Becoming; Knowledge Organization System.

scholarly journals Documentary languages and knowledge organization systems in the context of the semantic web

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilda Lopes Ginez de Lara
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Linked Open Data ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Conceptual Problems

The aim of this study was to discuss the need for formal documentary languages as a condition for it to function in the Semantic Web. Based on a bibliographic review, Linked Open Data is presented as an initial condition for the operationalization of the Semantic Web, similar to the movement of Linked Open Vocabularies that aimed to promote interoperability among vocabularies. We highlight the Simple Knowledge Organization System format by analyzing its main characteristics and presenting the new standard ISO 25964-1/2:2011/2012 -Thesauri and interoperability with other vocabularies, that revises previous recommendations, adding requirements for the interoperability and mapping of vocabularies. We discuss conceptual problems in the formalization of vocabularies and the need to invest critically in its operationalization, suggesting alternatives to harness the mapping of vocabularies.

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