scholarly journals Estimating Release of Trace Elements from an Area with Historical Open Pit Mining of Alum Shale Using Mass Transport and Element/Sulfate Ratios Calculations

Environments ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Kristina Åhlgren ◽  
Viktor Sjöberg ◽  
Mattias Bäckström

Alum shale was mined for oil and uranium production in Kvarntorp, Sweden, 1942–1966. Remnants such as pit lakes, exposed shale and a 100-meter-high waste deposit with a hot interior affect the surrounding environment, with elevated concentrations of, e.g., Mo, Ni and U in the recipient. Today most pit lakes are circumneutral while one of the lakes is still acidic. All pit lakes show signs of sulfide weathering with elevated sulfate concentrations. Mass transport calculations show that for elements such as uranium and molybdenum the western lake system (lake Söderhavet in particular) contributes the largest part. For sulfate, the two western lakes contribute with a quarter each, the eastern lake Norrtorpssjön about a third and a serpentine pond system receiving water from the waste deposit contributes around 17%. Except for a few elements (e.g., nickel 35%), the Serpentine system (including the waste deposit area) is not a very pronounced point source for metal release compared to the pit lakes. Estimates about future water runoff when the deposit has cooled down suggest only a slight increase in downstream water flow. There could possibly be first flush effects when previous hot areas have been reached by water.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Mutiara Nur Fajryanti ◽  
Yunus Ashari ◽  
Elfida Moralista

Abstract. PT X is a mining company with open pit mining methods for andesite rocks. The implementation of open pit methods is inseparable from the problem of inclusion water of rainfall and groundwater seepage into the mining area (pit). This can lead to disruption of mining activities if not handled properly. In this case to cope with the incoming water at Pit in PT X requires some study. It deals with the large number of pumps needed to tackle the incoming water each day.The purpose of the research is to overcome the potential of water entering the Pit, by making diversion channels and to overcome water that already inside the Pit is handled by making sump and pumping system.The data used are 2014-2018 rainfall data, topographic maps, mine progress maps, land use maps, water velocity data, temperature and humidity data and soil condition and land conservation data. Pit has 4 Catchment Areas with each divided into 3 namely Catchment Area PIT, Catchment Area A, Catcthment Area B, Catcthment Area C with a total area of 26,28 Ha. The water runoff plan during the 10 years period. From these data the reults obtained amounted to 50,35 m3/day. Water discharge that enters from inside and outside the pit with a total discharge of 0,94 m3 /sec. Based on data that obtained the ways to prevent water entering the mining area can be minimized by creating a diversion channel. The first diversion channel made for prevent water entering the mining area that comes from Catchment Area A, the diversion channel made along 569 m from 300–270 mals. The second one made for prevent water from Catchment Area C with total length 756 m from 290–130 mals. So that the incoming water debit becomes as much as 0,53 m3/sec. Sump is place at an elevation 115 masl, volume of sump is 7.900 m3 with dimensions of surface length 43 m, surface width 50 m, the base length of the is 36 m, and the depth of 4 meters can accommodate the total volume of water. The pump used is a MFC 180 , with a total of 2 unit pump, the pumping hours are adjusted based on the incoming water debit per month. The highest pumping hour in November was 15.2 hours with a debit of 12,403.63 m3 / day and the lowest in May was 6 hours with a discharge of 4,896.17 m3 / day. Abstrak. PT X merupakan salah satu perusahaan pertambangan dengan menggunakan Sistem Tambang Terbuka dengan tipe Quarry untuk batuan andesit. Akan tetapi belum tersedianya sistem penyaliran tambang menyebabkan terjadinya banjir pada lokasi penambangan, sehingga mengganggu kegiatan penambangan terutama pada musim penghujan. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian adalah untuk menanggulangi potensi air yang masuk ke pit , maka dilakukan penanggulangan air dari luar pit dengan membuat saluran pengalihan dan penanggulangan air yang masuk ke dalam pit dengan sistem pemompaan dan kolam penampungan.Data yang digunakan merupakan data curah hujan tahun 2014-2018, peta topografi, peta kemajuan tambang, peta tataguna lahan, data kecepatan air, suhu dan kelembaban dan data kondisi tanah dan konservasi lahan. Pit memiliki 4 Catchment Area dengan masing-masing dibagi menjadi 4 yaitu Catchment Area PIT, Catchment Area A, Catchment Area B, Catchment Area C dengan total luasan sebesar 26,28 Ha. Curah hujan rencana dengan data curah hujan selama 10 tahun periode 2014-2018. Hasilnya adalah curah hujan rencana maksimum sebesar 50,35 mm/hari. Debit air yang masuk adalah dari dalam pit dan luar pit dengan total debit sebanyak 0,94 m3/detik. Dari hasil penelitian, saluran pengalihan dibuat pada dua lokasi yaitu untuk menangani Catchment Area A dengan total panjang saluran 569 m pada elevasi 300 -270 dan untuk menangani Catchment Area C dengan panjang 756 m pada elevasi 290 - 130. Sehingga debit air yang masuk menjadi sebanyak 0,53 m3/detik.Kolam penampungan dibuat dengan volume 7.900 m3,dengan dimensi panjang atas 43 dan panjang bawah 36 m, dengan lebar 50 m dan ketinggian 4 m. Pompa yang digunakan adalah 2 unit pompa Multiflow 180 dengan jam pemompaan disesuaikan berdasarkan debit air yang masuk perbulannya. Jam pemompaan tertinggi pada bulan November yaitu 15,2 jam dengan debit 12.403,63 m3/hari dan yang paling rendah pada bulan Mei yaitu 6 jam dengan debit 4.896,17 m3/hari.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9275
Author(s):  
Izabela-Maria Apostu ◽  
Maria Lazar ◽  
Florin Faur

As a result of open-pit mining exploitations, impressive size gaps occur in the landscape. Their flooding leads to the occurrence of so-called open-pit lakes and represents an interesting way to reclaim and use sustainably the degraded land. In the literature, there are numerous plans, strategies, and guidelines for mine closure and open-pit recovery, but these are usually developed at the regional or national level and offer general suggestions, which must be evaluated and approached case-by-case. Because there is still no way to evaluate the opportunity of flooding the open-pits, a methodology for assessing this opportunity was developed to identify the open-pits that are suitable for flooding, this being the main objective of the paper. The paper is novel because of the multicriteria evaluation of open-pits and their remaining gaps, the logical succession of the criteria, and the proposed concept, methods, models, and equations that allow a complex assessment of the flooding opportunity. The methodology also aims to ensure maximum safety conditions in the former mining perimeter, the socio-economic and cultural requirements of local communities, the harmonization of the land in accordance with adjacent ecosystems, and the sustainable development of the region.


Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3106
Author(s):  
Edy Jamal Tuheteru ◽  
Rudy Sayoga Gautama ◽  
Ginting Jalu Kusuma ◽  
Arno Adi Kuntoro ◽  
Kris Pranoto ◽  
...  

In recent years, Indonesia has become the largest coal exporter in the world, and most of the coal is being mined by means of open-pit mining. The closure of an open-pit mine will usually leave a pit morphological landform that, in most cases, will be developed into a pit lake. One of the main issues in developing a pit lake is the understanding of the pit lake filling process. This paper discusses the hydrological model in filling the mineout void in a coal mine in Kalimantan which is located close to the equatorial line. The J-void is a mineout coal pit that is 3000 m long and 1000 m wide, with a maximum depth of 145 m. The development of the J-void pit lake after the last load of coal had been mined out experienced a dynamic process, such as backfilling activities with an overburden as well as pumping mine water from the surrounding pits. There are two components in the model, i.e., overland/subsurface and pit area. The overland zone is simulated using the Rainfall-Runoff NRECA Hydrological Model approach to determine the runoff and groundwater components, whereas the pit area is affected by direct rainfall and evaporation. The model is validated with the observation data. The main source of water in the J-void pit lake is rainwater, both from the surrounding catchment area as well as direct rainfall. As this coal mine area is characterized as a multi-pit area and, consequently, several pit lakes will be formed in the future, the result of the hydrological model is very useful in planning the future pit lakes.


Author(s):  
T. V. Galanina ◽  
M. I. Baumgarten ◽  
T. G. Koroleva

Large-scale mining disturbs wide areas of land. The development program for the mining industry, with an expected considerable increase in production output, aggravates the problem with even vaster territories exposed to the adverse anthropogenic impact. Recovery of mining-induced ecosystems in the mineral-extracting regions becomes the top priority objective. There are many restoration mechanisms, and they should be used in integration and be highly technologically intensive as the environmental impact is many-sided. This involves pollution of water, generation of much waste and soil disturbance which is the most typical of open pit mining. Scale disturbance of land, withdrawal of farming land, land pollution and littering are critical problems to the solved in the first place. One of the way outs is highquality reclamation. This article reviews the effective rules and regulations on reclamation. The mechanism is proposed for the legal control of disturbed land reclamation on a regional and federal level. Highly technologically intensive recovery of mining-induced landscape will be backed up by the natural environment restoration strategy proposed in the Disturbed Land Reclamation Concept.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (30) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
A.A. Sobolev ◽  
◽  
G.V. Sekisov ◽  
A.Yu. Cheban ◽  
N.M. Litvinova ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
K.R. Argimbaev ◽  
◽  
D.N. Ligotsky ◽  
E.V. Loginov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Pit ◽  

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Tatiana Gvozdkova ◽  
Pawel Stefanek ◽  
Michaela Koščová

Ecological problems in the open pit mining of coal deposits are extremely hard, since mining operations are accompanied by disturbed land to a large depth with significant changes in the landscape, hydrometeorological conditions, mixing of rocks and removal of infertile or even harmful rocks with radioactive isotopes to the surface. Disturbed lands are unusable if they are not repaired. All man-made disturbances of the environment caused by open pit mining are divided into landscape (changes in terrain, vegetation and soil cover) and environmental (violation of living conditions within the allotment and adjacent lands: changes in water regime, pollution of the soil, air and water basins) onesOne of the most important areas in the field of environmental protection is the reclamation (restoration) of the earth’s surface. In accordance with the requirements of the protection of the subsoil, enterprises engaged in the development of mineral deposits are obliged at their own expense to bring disturbed lands into a state suitable form for their further use. Reclamation of ought to be carried out during open pit mining operations and must be completed after mining of mineral resources in the terms established by the authorities that provide land for use.


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