scholarly journals Epidemiological Analysis of COVID-19 Cases in Native Amazonian Communities from Peru

Epidemiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-501
Author(s):  
Cecilia Pajuelo-Reyes ◽  
Hugo J. Valencia ◽  
Carla C. Montenegro ◽  
Eduardo Quezada ◽  
Lizandro Gonzales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Native Communities ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
Lower Death Rate ◽  
High Incidence Area ◽  
Significant Factors

Despite early control measures, SARS-CoV-2 reached all regions of Peru during the first wave of the pandemic, including native communities of the Peruvian Amazon. Here, we aimed to describe the epidemiological situation of COVID-19 in the Amazonas region of Peru using an open database of 11,124 COVID-19 cases reported from 19 March to 29 July 2020, including 3278 cases from native communities. A high-incidence area in northern Amazonas (Condorcanqui) reported a cumulative incidence of 63.84/1000 inhabitants with a much lower death rate (0.95%) than the national average. Our results showed at least eight significant factors for mortality, and the Native Amazonian ethnicity as a protective factor. Molecular confirmatory tests are necessary to better explain the high incidence of antibody response reported in these communities.

83 10-YEAR CHANGES IN DIETARY HABITS AND MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER IN A HIGH-INCIDENCE AREA: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Tian ◽  
H Huang ◽  
K Jiang ◽  
H Wen ◽  
M Fu
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
And Control ◽  
High Incidence Area

Abstract   Yanting was reported as a high-incidence area of EC with an unclear etiology. Many preventative measures and control policies have been performed during recent years in Yanting County, but no study has examined the changes in dietary habits and medical knowledge of EC during this decade. This study aimed to compare the differences in dietary habits, food group intake and medical knowledge of EC among residents of Yanting between 2007 and 2017. Methods Using a self-designed questionnaire, we investigated rural residents from Yanting county in the year 2007 and 2017. The 10-year changes of demographic features, personal dietary habits, food groups and medical knowledge of EC were compared. The results were then statistically analyzed. This study is based on a household survey of 570 and 898 rural residents aged 18+ years from Yanting County conducted in 2007 and 2017, respectively. Results Participants in the year 2007 were more likely to consume foods of lower toughness, have a slower speed of eating, have hotter temperature food, and have rice as a staple food less often (P < 0.05). Residents in the year 2007 ate more preserved foods but fewer fresh foods than those in the year 2017 (P < 0.05). Participants in the year 2017 improved their medical knowledge compared to those in the year 2007, which was conceptualized as a clear understanding of medical insurance for EC, common causes of EC, therapeutic measures for EC, preventive measures for EC, and government interventions (P < 0.05). Conclusion Although the medical knowledge of participants in year 2017 have changed a lot, most of them also never head of detail knowledge on EC. Residents in the year 2017 had healthier dietary habits and better medical knowledge of EC than those in the year 2007, while prevention and control measures in Yanting should be strengthened persistently.

Priorities for occupational noise in Britain

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (5) ◽  
pp. 996-1007
Author(s):  
Chris Steel ◽  
Paul Brereton
Keyword(s):  
Noise Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Occupational Noise ◽  
High Noise ◽  
Enforcement Action ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Hearing Damage ◽  
Workplace Noise ◽  
Current Risk ◽  
Reduced Risk

Regulation of occupational exposure to noise in Britain for 50 years has reduced risk. However, statistics from around the globe (and in Britain alone) suggest that the range in harm is between around zero and more than 1 in 4 workers exposed to high noise. The uncertainty in statistics and the potential high incidence and prevalence of harm justifies investigation. In Britain, we will investigate the current risk of occupational hearing loss and the effectiveness of current noise control measures. We propose to gather data during inspections of industries that are known to have high levels of workplace noise. Finding high incidence of hearing damage will indicate a failure of immediate management of risk and likely result in enforcement action. We propose to review employers' control of noise propagation in the workplace through use and maintenance of noise controls supplied with machines and supplemented with acoustic barriers and noise havens. We propose to review suppliers design and build of noise control into their products and their reported noise emissions for noisiest typical use. We are looking to benefit from the experience of our global counterparts before finalising our plans.

scholarly journals Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus among Women with Cervical Cytological Abnormalities or Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a High-Incidence Area of Esophageal Carcinoma in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Shaohong Wang ◽  
Jinhui Shen ◽  
Yanyan Peng ◽  
Lechuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Normal Cytology ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
High Incidence Area

Data of HPV genotype including 16 high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) and 4 low-risk HPV from 38,397 women with normal cytology, 1341 women with cervical cytology abnormalities, and 223 women with ISCC were retrospectively evaluated by a hospital-based study. The prevalence of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) was 6.51%, 41.83%, and 96.86% in women with normal cytology, cervical cytology abnormalities, and ISCC, respectively. The three most common HPV types were HPV-52 (1.76%), HPV-16 (1.28%), and HPV-58 (0.97%) in women with normal cytology, whereas the most prevalent HPV type was HPV-16 (16.85%), followed by HPV-52 (9.55%) and HPV-58 (7.83%) in women with cervical cytology abnormalities. Specifically, HPV-16 had the highest frequency in ASC-H (24.16%, 36/149) and HSIL (35.71%, 110/308), while HPV-52 was the most common type in ASC-US (8.28%, 53/640) and LSIL (16.80%, 41/244). HPV-16 (75.78%), HPV18 (10.31%), and HPV58 (9.87%) were the most common types in women with ISCC. These data might contribute to increasing the knowledge of HPV epidemiology and providing the guide for vaccine selection for women in Shantou.

Epstein-Barr virus and breast cancer: Serological study in a high-incidence area of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 309 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Rong He ◽  
Lu-Ying Tang ◽  
Dan-Dan Yu ◽  
Feng-Xi Su ◽  
Er-Wei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Serological Study ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
High Incidence Area

scholarly journals Impact of social interactions in the community on the transmission of tuberculosis in a high incidence area

Thorax ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N Classen ◽  
R. Warren ◽  
M. Richardson ◽  
J. H Hauman ◽  
R. P Gie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
High Incidence Area

Molecular Screening for Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer: A Prospective, Population-Based Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
pp. 3944-3950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Percesepe ◽  
Francesca Borghi ◽  
Mirco Menigatti ◽  
Lorena Losi ◽  
Moira Foroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Germline Mutation ◽  
Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Germline Mutations ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Hereditary Nonpolyposis ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
High Incidence Area

PURPOSE: Germline mutations in mismatch repair genes predispose to hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). To address effective screening programs, the true incidence of the disease must be known. Previous clinical investigations reported estimates ranging between 0.5% and 13% of all the colorectal cancer (CRC) cases, whereas biomolecular studies in Finland found an incidence of 2% to 2.7% of mutation carriers for the disease. The aim of the present report is to establish the frequency of the disease in a high-incidence area for colon cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Through the data of the local CRC registry, we prospectively collected all cases of CRC from January 1, 1996, through December 31, 1997 (N = 391). Three hundred thirty-six CRC cases (85.9% of the incident cases) were screened for microsatellite instability (MSI) with six to 12 mono- and dinucleotide markers. MSI cases were subjected to MSH2 and MLH1 germline mutation analysis and immunohistochemistry; the methylation of the promoter region was studied for MLH1. RESULTS: Twenty-eight cases (8.3% of the total) showed MSI. MSI cases differed significantly from microsatellite-stable (MSS) cases for their proximal location (P < .01), high mucinous component (P < .01), and poor differentiation (P = .002). Of MSI cases studied (n = 12), only one with a family history compatible with HNPCC had a germline mutation (in MSH2). Five other patients with a family history of HNPCC (two with MSI and three with MSS tumors) did not show germline mutations. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the incidence of molecularly confirmed HNPCC (one [0.3%] of 336) in a high-incidence area for CRC is lower than in previous biomolecular and clinical estimates.

scholarly journals Clinical features of acute kidney injury in Coronavirus disease 2019—A case report with review of literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Yuan ◽  
Xiaohan Lu ◽  
E Guo ◽  
Fengqi Hu ◽  
Zhao Gao
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Careful Management ◽  
High Incidence Area

Abstract Background: In December 2019, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. We surveyed 91 patients who were diagnosis as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Xiangyang, Hubei province. And we found the incident of acute kidney injury (AKI) was 3.29% (3/91), which was higher than in the whole country but similar in Hubei province.Case presentation: We describe a case of 58-year-old man who was diagnosis as AKI stage 3 and non-oliguria AKI in the SARS-CoV-2 infection. After antiviral and other supporting treatment, his kidney function improved and he was transferred to normal ward.Conclusions: This case illustrated that careful management and strict monitoring of kidney function should be employed in COVID-19 patients especially in high incidence area of COVID-19.

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