scholarly journals Dynamics of an Ellipse-Shaped Meniscus on a Substrate-Supported Drop under an Electric Field

Fluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Zaleski ◽  
Shahriar Afkhami
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Drop Height ◽  
Conformal Maps ◽  
Electrical Force ◽  
Initial Height ◽  
Gravitational Forces ◽  
Droplet Ejection ◽  
Electrode Separation ◽  
Insight Into

The behavior of a conducting droplet and a dielectric droplet placed under an electric potential is analyzed. Expressions for drop height based on electrode separation and the applied voltage are found, and problem parameters associated with breakup and droplet ejection are classified. Similar to previous theoretical work, the droplet interface is restricted to an ellipse shape. However, contrary to previous work, the added complexity of the boundary condition at the electrode is taken into account. To gain insight into this problem, a two-dimensional droplet is addressed. This allows for conformal maps to be used to solve for the potential surrounding the drop, which gives the total upward electrical force on the drop that is then balanced by surface tension and gravitational forces. For the conducting case, the maximum droplet height is attained when the distance between the electrode and the drop becomes sufficiently large, in which case, the droplet can stably grow to about 2.31 times its initial height before instabilities occur. In the dielectric case, hysteresis can occur for certain values of electrode separation and relative permittivity.

scholarly journals Design of a Novel Miniaturized Frequency Selective Surface Based on 2.5-Dimensional Jerusalem Cross for 5G Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Yihang Zhang ◽  
Rongrong Sun ◽  
Wen-Sheng Zhao ◽  
Yue Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Physical Insight ◽  
Frequency Selective ◽  
Significant Size ◽  
Insight Into

A compact frequency selective surface (FSS) for 5G applications has been designed based on 2.5-dimensional Jerusalem cross. The proposed element consists of two main parts: the successive segments of the metal traces placed alternately on the two surfaces of the substrate and the vertical vias connecting traces. Compared with previous published two-dimensional miniaturized elements, the transmission curves indicate a significant size reduction (1/26 wavelengths at the resonant frequency) and exhibit good angular and polarization stabilities. Furthermore, a general equivalent circuit model is established to provide direct physical insight into the operating principle of this FSS. A prototype of the proposed FSS has been fabricated and measured, and the results validate this design.

scholarly journals Dynamics with Cattaneo–Christov heat and mass flux theory of bioconvection Oldroyd-B nanofluid

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 168781402093046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Saeed Khan ◽  
Qayyum Shah ◽  
Arif Sohail
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Mass Flux ◽  
Homotopy Analysis Method ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Homotopy Analysis ◽  
Transfer Flow ◽  
Insight Into

Entropy generation in bioconvection two-dimensional steady incompressible non-Newtonian Oldroyd-B nanofluid with Cattaneo–Christov heat and mass flux theory is investigated. The Darcy–Forchheimer law is used to study heat and mass transfer flow and microorganisms motion in porous media. Using appropriate similarity variables, the partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations which are then solved by homotopy analysis method. For an insight into the problem, the effects of various parameters on different profiles are shown in different graphs.

Exact analysis of the bending of wide beams by a modified elastica approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 225 (11) ◽  
pp. 2759-2764 ◽  
Author(s):  
L F Campanile ◽  
R Jähne ◽  
A Hasse
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Finite Element Calculations ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Wide Beams ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Classical beam models do not account for partial restraint of anticlastic bending and are therefore inherently inaccurate. This article proposes a modification of the exact Bernoulli–Euler equation which allows for an exact prediction of the beam's deflection without the need of two-dimensional finite element calculations. This approach offers a substantial reduction in the computational effort, especially when coupled with a fast-solving schema like the circle-arc method. Besides the description of the new method and its validation, this article offers an insight into the somewhat disregarded topic of anticlastic bending by a short review of the published theories and a selection of representative numerical results.

The Effect of Visual Illusions on the Graphical Display of Information

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Amer ◽  
Sury Ravindran
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Visual Illusions ◽  
Graphical Display ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Graphical Displays ◽  
Decision Biases

ABSTRACT: Graphical displays of business and accounting information are widely used as decision aids. Theoretical work in visual perception indicates graphs that exhibit certain characteristics create visual illusions that may result in biased decision making. This paper reports the results of an experiment that demonstrates how such two-dimensional and three-dimensional visual illusions cause viewers to make biased comparison judgments. The experiment also shows that these decision biases can be mitigated by including gridlines in both two- and three-dimensional graphs.

scholarly journals Insight into removals of PARAFAC components from dissolved and particulate organic matter in wastewater treatment process by two-dimensional correlation and structure equation modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benxin Yu ◽  
Dongping Liu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yingxue Sun
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background Most particulate organic matter (POM) cannot be directly degraded in the conventional wastewater treatment, which should be transformed into dissolved organic matter (DOM) through a hydrolysis process. However, non-hydrolyzed POM in the biological treatment can limit treated efficiencies for the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) facilities. Hence an operational tool is indispensable for insight into removals of DOM and POM factions in the WWTP. In this study, excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (EEM) combined parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), two-dimensional correlation (2D-COS) and structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to evaluate removals of DOM and POM in a wastewater treatment plant. Results Four fluorescence components were identified in DOM and POM substances from the WWTP by EEM combined with PARAFAC, i.e., tyrosine-like (TYLF), tryptophan-like (TRLF), microbial byproduct-like (MBLF), and fulvic acid-like (FALF). In A2/O process, the TYLF and TRLF of DOM were removed to a larger extent than those of MBLF and FALF in anaerobic tank, while TYLF and MBLF of POM were removed to a great extent than those of TRLF and FALF in primary sedimentation and aerobic tanks. By the 2D-COS, a decreasing variation order of DOM fractions in the wastewater treatment process was UV-FALF → MBLF2 → Vis-FALF → TRLF → TYLF, while the decreasing order of POM fractions was Vis-FALF → UV-FALF → MBLF2 → TYLF → MBLF1 → TRLF. SEM revealed that TRLF and TYLF of DOM were degraded by anaerobic microorganism, and TRLF could be transformed partially into FALF. However, TRFL and TYLF of POM were discomposed by aerobic microorganism. Conclusions The 2D-COS and SEM can be practicable tools as EEM-PARAFAC for monitoring DOM and POM in the WWTP. The study could present a theoretical support to improving the retrofit of WWTP and formulating emission standards for organic pollutants.

The demonstration of conformal maps with two-dimensional foams

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Drenckhan ◽  
D Weaire ◽  
S J Cox
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Conformal Maps

On the Cushioning of Water Impact by Entrapped Air

1968 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 116-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Lewison ◽  
W. M. Maclean
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Water Impact ◽  
Entrapped Air

Impact between a rigid flat plate and the free surface of water has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. Under two-dimensional conditions, the experiments give values of peak pressure of the same order as those recorded on ships slamming at sea, but very much smaller than would be expected from existing theories. New theoretical work is presented which takes account of the air trapped between the model and the water surface, and of both compressible and incompressible water movement. This shows good general agreement with the experiments, though further work is needed to confirm some of the assumptions made.

Theory of tropical moist convection

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
David M. Romps
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Temperature Structure ◽  
Tropical Atmosphere ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Free Troposphere ◽  
Moist Convection ◽  
Real Atmosphere ◽  
Rain Cloud ◽  
Insight Into

These lecture notes cover the theory of tropical moist convection. Many simplifications are made along the way, like neglecting rotation and treating the atmosphere as a two-dimensional fluid or even reducing the atmosphere to two columns. We can gain an immense amount of insight into the real atmosphere by studying these toy models, including answers to the following questions: What is the dominant energy balance in the tropical free troposphere; what sets the temperature structure of the tropical free troposphere; what happens to the pulse of heating deposited into the atmosphere by a rain cloud; why does the tropical atmosphere have the relative-humidity pro le that it does; and what sets the amount of energy available to storms?

scholarly journals Fully sp 2 ‐Carbon‐Linked Crystalline Two‐Dimensional Conjugated Polymers: Insight into 2D Poly(phenylenecyanovinylene) Formation and its Optoelectronic Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (26) ◽  
pp. 6562-6568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Becker ◽  
Bishnu P. Biswal ◽  
Paula Kaleńczuk ◽  
Naisa Chandrasekhar ◽  
Lars Giebeler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Optoelectronic Properties ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Insight Into
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