Optimization of Instrument Design for In-Line Monitoring of Dry Matter Content in Single Potatoes by NIR Interaction Spectroscopy

Dry matter (DM) content is one of the most important quality features of potatoes. It defines the physical properties of the potatoes and determines what kind of product the potatoes can be used for. This paper presents the results obtained by a novel prototype NIR (near-infrared) instrument designed to measure DM content in single potatoes in process. The instrument is based on interaction measurements to measure deeper into the potatoes. It measures rapidly, up to 50 measurements per second, allowing several moving potatoes to be measured per second. The instrument also enables several interactance distances to be recorded for each measurement. The instrument was calibrated based on three different potato varieties and the calibration measurements were done in a process plant, making the calibration model suitable for in-line use. A good calibration for DM was obtained by partial least squares regression (RMSECV = 0.78% DM, R2 = 0.91). The instrument was tested in-line in the process plant and several batches of potatoes were monitored for the estimation of the DM distribution per batch. Accuracy of DM determination as function of measurement position on the potato was studied, and results indicate that NIR scans along the center part of the potatoes give slightly better results compared to scans taken on either side of the center. Small differences in optical measurement geometry influence the accuracy of the calibration models, underlining the importance of optimizing instrument design for successful measurements.

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Robustness of Tomato Quality Evaluation Using a Portable Vis-SWNIRS for Dry Matter and Colour

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2017/2863454 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

U. K. Acharya ◽

P. P. Subedi ◽

K. B. Walsh

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Short Wave ◽

Matter Content ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Practical Implementation ◽

Calibration Model ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Growing Conditions

The utility of a handheld visible-short wave near infrared spectrophotometer utilising an interactance optical geometry was assessed in context of the noninvasive determination of intact tomato dry matter content, as an index of final ripe soluble solids content, and colouration, as an index of maturation to guide a decision to harvest. Partial least squares regression model robustness was demonstrated through the use of populations of different harvest dates or growing conditions for calibration and prediction. Dry matter predictions of independent populations of fruit achievedR2ranging from 0.86 to 0.92 and bias from −0.14 to 0.03%. For a CIEa⁎colour model, predictionR2ranged from 0.85 to 0.96 and bias from −1.18 to −0.08. Updating the calibration model with new samples to extend range in the attribute of interest and in sample matrix is key to better prediction performance. The handheld spectrometry system is recommended for practical implementation in tomato cultivation.

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Low-cost, handheld near-infrared spectroscopy for root dry matter content prediction in cassava

10.1101/2021.04.30.441802 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jenna Hershberger ◽

Edwige Gaby Nkouaya Mbanjo ◽

Prasad Peteti ◽

Andrew Smith Ikpan ◽

Kayode Ogunpaimo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Low Cost ◽

Model Performance ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Test Sets ◽

Root Dry Matter Content

Over 800 million people across the tropics rely on cassava as a major source of calories. While the root dry matter content (RDMC) of this starchy root crop is important for both producers and consumers, characterization of RDMC by traditional methods is time-consuming and laborious for breeding programs. Alternate phenotyping methods have been proposed but lack the accuracy, cost, or speed ultimately needed for cassava breeding programs. For this reason, we investigated the use of a low-cost, handheld NIR spectrometer for field-based RDMC prediction in cassava. Oven-dried measurements of RDMC were paired with 21,044 scans of roots of 376 diverse clones from 10 field trials in Nigeria and grouped into training and test sets based on cross-validation schemes relevant to plant breeding programs. Mean partial least squares regression model performance ranged from R2p = 0.62 - 0.89 for within-trial predictions, which is within the range achieved with laboratory-grade spectrometers in previous studies. Relative to other factors, model performance was highly impacted by the inclusion of samples from the same environment in both the training and test sets. Random forest variable importance analysis of root spectra revealed increased importance in a region previously identified as predictive of water content in plants (~950 - 990 nm). With appropriate model calibration, the tested spectrometer will allow for field-based collection of spectral data with a smartphone for accurate RDMC prediction and potentially other quality traits, a step that could be easily integrated into existing harvesting workflows of cassava breeding programs.

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Application of near Infrared Transmission Spectroscopy for the Determination of Some Quality Parameters of Apples

Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

10.1255/jnirs.47 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 213-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

T. Lovász ◽

P. Merész ◽

A. Salgó

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Quality Factors ◽

Infrared Transmission ◽

Transmission Method ◽

Titratable Acid ◽

Transmission Spectroscopy ◽

Relative Standard

The acceptability of near infrared (NIR) transmission spectroscopy for the prediction of six quality factors of apples (firmness, refractive index, pH, titratable acid, dry matter and alcohol insoluble solids content) was investigated. The effects of storage conditions, cultivars and season on the accuracy of the NIR transmission method were also studied during the experiment. The accuracy of the calibration of all investigated parameters decreased during storage. The alteration of the characteristics of the spectra is possibly due to changes in the chemical composition and structure of apples between September and April. The calibration method was improved by developing a separate calibration for each cultivar per year. The calibrations of the different parameters are season-dependent except for the dry matter content. Using outlier diagnostics, the prediction accuracy can be generally improved by about 10%. The coefficient of variation for each parameter is compatible with the relative standard deviation for the reference methods except for the titratable acid content, showing the applicability of NIR transmission techniques. A relationship seems to exist between the maturity and the NIR transmission spectra of the apple.

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Near-infrared Spectroscopy for Rapid Estimation of Dry Matter Content in Whole Unpeeled Potato Tubers

Journal of Food Research ◽

10.5539/jfr.v1n4p55 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 55 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Trygve Helgerud ◽

Vegard H. Segtnan ◽

Jens P. Wold ◽

Simon Ballance ◽

Svein H. Knutsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Reference Method ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

External Reference ◽

Explained Variance ◽

Processed Potatoes

The dry matter is one of the main quality parameters of raw and processed potatoes. In the present study, the potential of utilizing high throughput commercially available NIR interactance systems for dry matter determination in whole unpeeled potato tubers is investigated. The performance of a 2D NIR interactance instrument was compared with that of a 1D NIR interactance instrument and a traditional underwater weight apparatus. A total of 114 tubers were assessed individually with both of the NIR instruments (760-1040 nm), the underwater weight and an external reference method (freeze drying). The 1D interactance instrument obtained better prediction results than what the 2D instrument could achieve (R2=0.95, RMSECV=0.91, and R2=0.83, RMSECV=1.65, respectively). The underwater weight obtained the highest explained variance (R2=0.97), but the estimation was biased by approximately 1.5% (by weight). The poorer prediction performance of the 2D NIR interactance system can be partly explained by the lower penetration depths of the light compared to the 1D NIR interactance systems.

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Cold storage of ‘Palmer’ mangoes sorted based on dry matter content using portable near infrared (VIS-NIR) spectrometer

Journal of Food Processing and Preservation ◽

10.1111/jfpp.13644 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. e13644 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

João Paixão dos Santos Neto ◽

Gustavo Walace Pacheco Leite ◽

Gabriele da Silva Oliveira ◽

Luís Carlos Cunha Júnior ◽

Priscila Lupino Gratão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Storage ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content

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Rapid analyses of dry matter content and carotenoids in fresh cassava roots using a portable visible and near infrared spectrometer (Vis/NIRS)

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0188918 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. e0188918 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Ugochukwu N. Ikeogu ◽

Fabrice Davrieux ◽

Dominique Dufour ◽

Hernan Ceballos ◽

Chiedozie N. Egesi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Infrared Spectrometer ◽

Near Infrared Spectrometer

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Nutritional Qualities of Ginger Mutant Lines Grown in the Humid Tropical Agroecology of Nigeria

Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research ◽

10.9734/ajaar/2020/v12i230080 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 35-42

Author(s):

M. N. Abua ◽

M. A. Ittah ◽

E. E. Obok ◽

G. A. Iwo ◽

R. E. Edugbo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Proximate Analysis ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Nutritional Qualities ◽

Important Quality ◽

Mutant Lines

The present study was aimed to determine the variations in nutritional qualities of 15 mutant lines and two landraces of ginger (Zingiber officinale). Fifteen (15) gamma (γ)-ray induced mutants lines and two landraces of ginger were planted in 2017 early cropping season in the Teaching and Research Farm, Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Wildlife Resources Management, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria. To evaluate the nutritional qualities of these seventeen ginger genotypes at maturity, proximate analysis was carried out in the Biochemistry Laboratory of the National Root Crop Research Institute Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria. Using standard and official protocols of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Results showed that the ginger lines varied significantly (P < 0.01) in all their proximate attributes. The moisture content ranged from 10.13% (UG1) to 12.95% (UG2). Mean dry matter was 88.89%; UG1 and UG2 had the highest (89.89%) and lowest (87.05%) dry matter content, respectively. Mean crude protein was 7.74%; UG2-9-01 and UG2-11-03 had the highest (8.25%) and lowest (7.29%) crude protein respectively. UG1-5-38 and UG1-5-22 had the highest (8.12%) and lowest (6.41%) crude fibre content respectively. The oleoresin content ranged from (6.25%) in UG2-9-01 to (9.09%) in UG1-11-07. UG1-5-04 and UG1-5-22 had the highest (2.88%) and lowest (2.22%) ash content respectively. UG2-9-01 had the highest carbohydrate content of (65.10%). While UG1-5-52 had the lowest (61.27%) The result showed that the ginger lines used in this study had high mean carbohydrate (62.85%) and protein (7.74%) contents as such can be used as supplementary sources of these nutrients for human and livestock. UG1-7-24, UG1-11-07 and UG1-5-18 with high oleoresin contents of 9.11%, 9.09% and 9.05% respectively are recommended to ginger breeders as useful genotypes for improving other ginger lines through micropropagation techniques especially when breeding for oleoresin quality, which is an important quality of ginger. In conclusion, further evaluation and testing of these ginger lines is recommended.

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Rapid Estimation of Potato Quality Parameters by a Portable Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Device

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21248222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (24) ◽

pp. 8222

Author(s):

Olga Escuredo ◽

Laura Meno ◽

María Shantal Rodríguez-Flores ◽

Maria Carmen Seijo

Keyword(s):

Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Reducing Sugars ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Portable Devices ◽

Calibration Model ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Potato Quality

The aim of the present work was to determine the main quality parameters on tuber potato using a portable near-infrared spectroscopy device (MicroNIR). Potato tubers protected by the Protected Geographical Indication (PGI “Patata de Galicia”, Spain) were analyzed both using chemical methods of reference and also using the NIR methodology for the determination of important parameters for tuber commercialization, such as dry matter and reducing sugars. MicroNIR technology allows for the attainment/estimation of dry matter and reducing sugars in the warehouses by directly measuring the tubers without a chemical treatment and destruction of samples. The principal component analysis and modified partial least squares regression method were used to develop the NIR calibration model. The best determination coefficients obtained for dry matter and reducing sugars were of 0.72 and 0.55, respectively, and with acceptable standard errors of cross-validation. Near-infrared spectroscopy was established as an effective tool to obtain prediction equations of these potato quality parameters. At the same time, the efficiency of portable devices for taking instantaneous measurements of crucial quality parameters is useful for potato processors.

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Comparison of Transflectance and Reflectance to Analyse Hog Manures

Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

10.1255/jnirs.462 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 99-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

W. Saeys ◽

J. Xing ◽

J. De Baerdemaeker ◽

H. Ramon

Keyword(s):

Near Infrared ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Nir Spectroscopy ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Ammonium Nitrogen ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Total N ◽

Sample Presentation

In this study, the reflectance and transflectance sample presentation mode were compared for the analysis of the nutrient content of hog ( Sus domesticus) manure using visible and near infrared (vis-NIR) spectroscopy. A total of 194 hog manures, which were collected in the spring of 2004 from farms in the northern part of Belgium, were assayed by conventional wet chemical analysis and spectroscopy for the following constituents: dry matter content (DM), organic matter content (OM), pH, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (Ntot), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), phosphorus (P), potash (K), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na) and magnesium (Mg). Samples were scanned with a Foss NIRSystems Model 6500 scanning monochromator in reflectance and transflectance mode, respectively. A ceramic reference was measured in between the two modes. The monochromator was equipped with a DCFA sample presentation unit and ranges from 400 to 2498 nm. Partial least squares regression was employed to relate the spectral information to the nutrient content. The PLS models were calibrated for both sample presentation modes using leave-one-out cross-validation. The results of this study showed that the transflectance mode performed better than the reflectance mode. From the transflectance measurements, very good quantitative predictions for total N, good quantitative predictions for K, DM and OM, approximate predictions for NH4-N, P and Mg, very approximate predictions for Ca and a discrimination between high and low values for Na were obtained. pH was not predictable. The reflectance measurements were able to provide good quantitative predictions for total N and K, approximate quantitative predictions for NH4-N, very approximate predictions for DM, OM, P and Mg and discrimination between high and low values for Ca. Na was even less predictable and pH might be unpredictable.

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