scholarly journals Biostimulation as a Means for Optimizing Fruit Phytochemical Content and Functional Quality of Tomato Landraces of the San Marzano Area

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Youssef Rouphael ◽  
Giandomenico Corrado ◽  
Giuseppe Colla ◽  
Stefania De Pascale ◽  
Emilia Dell’Aversana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Functional Quality ◽  
Nutrient Use

The effect of plant biostimulation on fruits of traditional tomato germplasm is largely unknown. We examined how a tropical plant-derived biostimulant impacts the nutritional, functional, and compositional characteristics of tomato fruits from four landraces, collected in the San Marzano (SM) tomato Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) region, by profiling primary and secondary metabolites. Biostimulation was not able to completely reshuffle the morpho-physiological and nutritional profile of the four landraces. Their distinct phytochemical profile indicated a genotype-specific tuning of the analyzed traits, which also included an improved yield and fruit quality. Biostimulation of SM1 and SM3 increased photosynthetic accumulation of carbohydrate reserves, improved mineral nutrient use efficiency and consequently, yield (+21% and 34%, respectively). Moreover, biostimulation augmented the nutraceutical properties of the SM2 landrace. Interestingly, the plant-derived product increased in all genotypes lycopene, but not polyphenol accumulation in fruits. Our results show the potential of biostimulatory applications towards optimizing the fruit quality of the acclaimed SM landraces, which is suitable to satisfy both the rising consumer demand for premium traditional tomatoes and the technological needs of the food industry.

scholarly journals Effect of Glycine Betaine as a Growth Promoter and Stress Mitigator in Brassica oleraceavar. Italica

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Sana Liaqat ◽  
Ashir Masroor ◽  
Filza Ghafoor ◽  
Zunaira Maqsood ◽  
Waseem Tasleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Glycine Betaine ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Sodium Calcium ◽  
Nutrient Use

Glycine betaine performs a crucial role as an osmoprotectant and, also acts as a cytoplasmic osmotic solute specifically in the members of family Gramineae and Chenopodiaceae. Brassica oleracea var. Italica due to the presence of glucosinolates and various other chemicals, plays vital roles for humans. GB when applied to broccoli mitigate the stress effects and increase the shoot fresh and dry weight, shoot length, root dry weight, shoot calcium, potassium, nutrient uptake of sodium, calcium, potassium, SOD, peroxidase, and total soluble proteins of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica). Implementation of GB also enhanced the performance of various parameters such as antioxidant photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, a/b, carotenoids, and total chlorophyll), and mineral nutrient use efficiency, nutrient uptake of sodium, calcium and catalase activity.

scholarly journals Effects of Root Cooling on Plant Growth and Fruit Quality of Cocktail Tomato during Two Consecutive Seasons

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. He ◽  
B. Thiele ◽  
M. Watt ◽  
T. Kraska ◽  
A. Ulbrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Root Temperature ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Functional Quality ◽  
The Impact

Understanding the effects of root temperature on plant growth and key food components of horticultural crops under greenhouse conditions is important. Here, we assess the impact of root cooling on plant growth and fruit quality of two cocktail tomato cultivars (Lycopersicon esculentum cv “Amoroso” and cv “Delioso”) during the winter of 2017-2018 and the summer of 2018. Plants were grown hydroponically on rockwool under different root temperatures (16–27°C and 10°C) from the 2nd inflorescence to harvest inside the greenhouse. A root temperature of 10°C was controlled independently from air temperature (18–23°C in winter and 21–29°C in summer) by circulating cooling water. Reductions of marketable yield per plant (7.9–20.9%) in both cultivars were observed in response to root cooling in winter, but not significantly in summer. In most cases, root cooling had a positive effect on the functional quality (sugars, vitamin C, and carotenoids levels). In the case of “Delioso,” glucose concentration increased by 7.7–10.3%, vitamin C by 20–21%, and lycopene by 16.9–20.5% in both seasons. “Amoroso” exhibited only higher consistent values in glucose with increments between 6.9 and 7.8% in the two seasons. The levels of elements decreased by root cooling, with statistically significant reduction of N, P, S, and Fe by 12.1–15.7% in “Delioso” in winter and P and Zn by 9.1–22.2% in both cultivars in summer. Thus, manipulation of root temperature could be a feasible method to improve the overall fruit quality of cocktail tomato; however, this effect was also dependent on cultivars and other environmental factors.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tropical Tomato for Growth, Yield, Nutrient, and Water Use Efficiency in Recirculating Hydroponic System

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Alex Williams Ayarna ◽  
Satoru Tsukagoshi ◽  
George Oduro Nkansah ◽  
Na Lu ◽  
Kazuya Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
The Tropics

The issue of low tomato production in the tropics like Ghana has been a long-standing challenge. The advent of greenhouse technology has not significantly improved the yield of tomato compared to Japan and the Netherlands. Immediate technological interventions are needed. Through hydroponics, the low-node order pinching at a high-density planting system has been recommended in some studies. This system was intended to be established in Ghana, and it would be expected to improve the yield and fruit quality of tomato. In effect, a study was carried out in the greenhouse, at Chiba University using this system. A tropical tomato cultivar (Jaguar) was evaluated with Momotaro York at 3.8 m s2 and pinched at the fourth truss. Data collected were water and nutrient use efficiencies, plant growth rate, dry matter partitioning, and fruit yield and quality, as well as some physiological characteristics. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that Jaguar cultivar was two times more efficient in water and nutrient use than Momotaro York at first harvest. Root tissue density recorded in Jaguar was significantly lower compared to Momotaro York. The net assimilation rate (NAR) recorded was markedly higher in Jaguar than Momotaro York at last harvest. All the physiological attributes recorded in both cultivars were not significantly different. Plant dry mass (DM) recorded was similar in the two cultivars; however, the DM partitioned to fruits was 55% in Jaguar compared to 46.5% DM for Momotaro York. Fruit yield per area did not differ in the two cultivars. Fruit yields of 28.8 and 30 kg m−2 per year were recorded in Jaguar and Momotaro York, respectively. In comparison, this yield result is 1.2–1.25 times less and 14.4–15 times higher than current tomato yields recorded in Japan (greenhouse) and Ghana, respectively. Fruit quality, in terms of total soluble solids recorded in Jaguar cultivar being 5.4 %Brix, was within the 3.5–5.6 %Brix recorded in Ghana. This system could effectively enhance the yield and quality of tomato in the tropics as well as economising on the use of resources.

scholarly journals Potassium fertilization in pineapple fruit quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Morais Cunha ◽  
Marta Simone Mendonça Freitas ◽  
Almy Junior Cordeiro de Carvalho ◽  
Luiz Carlos Santos Caetano ◽  
Marlene Evangelista Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Pineapple Fruit

Abstract Potassium is a mineral nutrient that affects the growth and quality of pineapple fruits. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of ‘Vitória’ pineapple fruits submitted to application of potassium doses. The experiment was carried out from May 2017 to November 2018, in the municipality of São Francisco do Itabapoana (RJ), Brazil. The design was randomized blocks, with four replicates. Treatments were five K2O doses: 0; 6; 12; 18 and 24 g plant-1, applied as KCl, split into two applications after flower induction. Fruit and crown fresh masses, fruit and crown diameters, fruit and crown lengths, titratable acidity, soluble solids, vitamin C, juice pH and soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio were evaluated. Potassium fertilization promoted greater fruit length, diameter and mass. Titratable acidity, soluble solids and vitamin C values increased linearly as a function of potassium doses. Potassium fertilization improves the quality of ‘Vitória’ pineapple fruits under field conditions.

scholarly journals Growth and Nutrient Partitioning of Containerized Malus trilobata Schneid. and Acer syriacum Boiss. and Gaill. Under Two Fertigation Regimes

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1746-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala G. Zahreddine ◽  
Daniel K. Struve ◽  
Salma N. Talhouk
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Container Production

The native flora of Lebanon is threatened. As part of an ex situ conservation strategy, this study was conducted to determine if Malus trilobata (Schneid.) and Acer syriacum (Boiss. and Gaill.), two native Lebanese trees, were amenable to container production. Therefore, these species' growth and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium uptake efficiency and distribution under two fertilizer rates were studied. Malus trilobata seedlings were obtained from seeds collected from two mother trees, whereas Acer syriacum seeds were collected from a single tree. Two-year-old seedlings raised from these seeds were planted in 11-L containers in a 3:1 pine bark:compost substrate. Half the seedlings within each source and species were assigned to either 25 or 100 mg·L−1 N from 21N–3.1P–5.9K water-soluble fertilizer treatments. Seedlings of both Malus trilobata sources grown under 25 mg·L−1 N were taller than those grown at 100 mg·L−1 N. Nitrogen loading occurred in plants of Malus trilobata under the high fertilizer rate, although total plant N, phosphorus, and potassium content was unaffected by fertilizer rate, because larger seedlings had lower nutrient concentrations. There were significant differences in growth among the two Malus trilobata seed sources, but there were no differences in mineral nutrient uptake or nutrient use efficiency. Growth, mineral nutrient uptake, and nutrient use efficiency of Acer syriacum seedlings were unaffected by fertilizer rate. Malus trilobata and Acer syriacum seedlings are amenable to container production. Using container production for these species with subsequent transplanting into managed landscapes might be a viable ex situ conservation method. Further studies are needed.

scholarly journals Recent Achievements and New Research Opportunities for Optimizing Macronutrient Availability, Acquisition, and Distribution for Perennial Fruit Crops

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1738
Author(s):  
Lee Kalcsits ◽  
Elmi Lotze ◽  
Massimo Tagliavini ◽  
Kirsten D. Hannam ◽  
Tanja Mimmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
New Research

Tree responses to fertilizer management are complex and are influenced by the interactions between the environment, other organisms, and the combined genetics of composite trees. Increased consumer awareness of the environmental impact of agriculture has stimulated research toward increasing nutrient-use efficiency, improving environmental sustainability, and maximizing quality. Here, we highlight recent advancements and identify knowledge gaps in nutrient dynamics across the soil–rhizosphere–tree continuum for fruit crops. Beneficial soil management practices can enhance nutrient uptake and there has been significant progress in the understanding of how roots, microorganisms, and soil interact to enhance nutrient acquisition in the rhizosphere. Characterizing root architecture, in situ, still remains one of the greatest research challenges in perennial fruit research. However, the last decade has advanced the characterization of root nutrient uptake and transport in plants but studies in tree fruit crops have been limited. Calcium, and its balance relative to other macronutrients, has been a primary focus for mineral nutrient research because of its important contributions to the development of physiological disorders. However, annual elemental redistribution makes these interactions complex. The development of new approaches for measuring nutrient movement in soil and plant systems will be critical for achieving sustainable production of high-quality fruit in the future.

scholarly journals Protein Hydrolysate or Plant Extract-based Biostimulants Enhanced Yield and Quality Performances of Greenhouse Perennial Wall Rocket Grown in Different Seasons

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Caruso ◽  
Stefania De Pascale ◽  
Eugenio Cozzolino ◽  
Maria Giordano ◽  
Christophe El-Nakhel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Functional Quality ◽  
Leaf Yield

Research has been increasingly focusing on the environmentally friendly biostimulation of vegetable crop performances under sustainable farming management. An experiment was carried out in southern Italy on Diplotaxis tenuifolia to assess the effects of two plant biostimulants (Legume-derived protein hydrolysate, Trainer®; Tropical plant extract, Auxym®) and a non-treated control, in factorial combination with three crop cycles (autumn–winter; winter; and winter–spring) on leaf yield, photosynthetic and colour status, quality, elemental composition, antioxidant content and activity. Both biostimulants prevalently contain amino acids and soluble peptides, showing the major effects on crop performances, though Auxym also has a small percentage of phytohormones and vitamins. The biostimulants enhanced plant growth and the productivity of perennial wall rocket. The winter–spring cycle led to higher leaf yield than the winter one. The two plant biostimulants enhanced leaf dry matter, oxalic and citric acids, Ca and P concentrations, phenols and ascorbic acid content as well as antioxidant activity, but did not increase nitrate content. A presumed mechanism involved in the enhancement of crop production could be attributed to the improvement of mineral nutrient availability and uptake. The winter–spring cycle elicited higher antioxidant content and activity than winter crops. Our current study shows that both the legume-derived protein hydrolysate and tropical plant extract represent an effective tool for boosting the yield, nutritional and functional quality of vegetable produce in the view of sustainable crop systems.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATIONS OF FISH HYDROLYSATE FERTILIZER OR UREA ON APPLE YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 254C-254
Author(s):  
J.R. Schupp ◽  
H.A. Schupp ◽  
M.H. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Foliar Fertilizer ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Foliar Urea

A study was conducted in 1992 at Highmoor Farm, Monmouth, ME to test the effects of fish hydrolysate fertilizer on fruit set, fruit size and fruit quality of apple. Mature, semi-dwarf `Delicious' and `Golden Delicious' trees received 2.76g/1 N, supplied by either fish hydrolysate fertilizer or urea, or received no fertilizer (control). Fertilizers were applied via three foliar sprays applied at seven day intervals, beginning at petal fall. Fish hydralysate fertilizer reduced fruit set of `Delicious' and `Golden Delicious'. Foliar urea increased fruit set and yield of 'Golden Delicious'. Neither fertilizer affected mineral nutrient concentrations of leaves collected in July. Fish hydrolysate increased fruit russeting on both cultivars. Fish hydrolysate is not recommended as a foliar fertilizer for apples.

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