Chemosensory Device Assisted-Estimation of the Quality of Edible Oils with Repetitive Frying

This study investigated chemosensory degradations of soybean and canola oils with repeated frying in order to estimate the quality of the oils. Methods: Chemical parameters including oxygen induction time, acid value, p-anisidine value, malondialdehyde, and total polar compounds were measured. Electronic nose and electronic tongue analyses were performed to assess sensory properties. Multivariate analyses were employed to investigate relationships among tastes and volatile compounds using principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: All chemical parameters increased with repeated frying in both oils. Electronic nose analysis found ethyl butyrate, 2-heptenal, and 2,4-pentanedione as major volatiles for soybean oil and ethyl butyrate and linalool for canola oil. As the numbers of frying increased, all volatiles showed an increased concentration in various extents. In multivariate analyses, ethyl butyrate revealed strong positive correlations with sourness, umami, and sweetness, and umami showed strong positive correlations with sourness and saltiness (p < 0.05). PCA confirmed that in PC1 with 49% variance, sourness, saltiness, and umami were at similar rates while acetyl pyrazine, 2,4-pentadieone, and 1-octanol were found at similar rates. Canola oil was chemically more stable and less susceptible to deterioration in all chemical parameters compared to soybean oil, resulting in a relatively better quality oil when repeatedly fried. Conclusion: The results suggested that minimum repeated frying (5 times) degrades chemosensory characteristics of both oils, thereby compromising their quality. The findings of this study will be utilized as a foundation for quality control of fried foods in food industry, fried food development, and fast-food industry.

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Effect of Dimensions of Service Quality on the Brand Equity in the Fast Food Industry

Studies in Business and Economics ◽

10.1515/sbe-2016-0033 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 30-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Majid Esmaeilpour ◽

Zahra Mohamadi ◽

Azade Rajabi

Keyword(s):

Service Quality ◽

Brand Equity ◽

Fast Food ◽

Food Industry ◽

Structural Equations ◽

Quality Of Services ◽

Fast Food Industry ◽

Statistical Population ◽

Five Dimensions

AbstractDue to the increasing competition in the industry and service sectors, creating the powerful brands has great importance in these industries. One of the main factors that help to create a powerful brand is investment and improving the quality of services. Nowadays, the competition for improving the quality of services is raised as a key strategic issue for organizations that operate in the services sector. The aim of this research is to investigate how the dimensions of service quality affect the brand equity in the fast food industry. The customers of fast food industry (Restaurant Raphael) in Boushehr constitute the statistical population of this research. Given that the statistical population is unlimited, through sampling 390 questionnaires were distributed, collected and analyzed. For analyzing the data, the structural equations modelling was used by help of the software smart PLS. The results show that the entire dimensions of service quality of model SERVQUAL (tangible factors of services, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy) have a positive and significant impact on the brand equity. It also became clear that among the five dimensions of quality of services, the tangible factors of services have the most impact on the brand equity in the fast food industry. So implementing the programs to enhance the quality of services will have to a very large extent a positive effect on increasing the brand equity in the fast food industry.

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Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Edible Vegetable Frying Oils

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/trans.14515 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 64 (6) ◽

pp. 1717-1733

Author(s):

Valentina Prado ◽

Jesse Daystar ◽

Steven Pires ◽

Michele Wallace ◽

Lise Laurin

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Vegetable Oils ◽

Canola Oil ◽

Fast Food ◽

Food Industry ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Cottonseed Oil ◽

Frying Oils

HighlightsCottonseed oil (CSO), a cotton byproduct, has advantages for climate change compared to other seed oils.Results show that the cultivation phase is the main impact driver for all vegetable oils analyzed in this study.Refined CSO (U.S.) can reduce climate change impacts by up to 83% as compared to the other oils analyzed.Abstract. Edible vegetable oils are a major source of climate change impacts and an environmental concern in the processed food industry. This study consists of a cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA) of refined U.S. cottonseed oil (CSO), global soybean oil, U.S. canola oil, and palm oil sourced from Indonesia and Malaysia. Considering the oils equivalent for deep frying, they are compared on a 1 kg of oil basis. Analysis includes sensitivity analyses for modeling allocation choices and oil mixes as well as uncertainty analysis. Results show that the cultivation phase is the main impact driver for all vegetable oils analyzed, which favors CSO (U.S.) because it is a co-product. Refined CSO (U.S.) can reduce climate change impacts by up to 83%. Overall, refined CSO (U.S.) was a top performer in six of the eight impact categories evaluated. When ranking the oils, refined CSO (U.S.) was the preferred choice. Despite being the preferred choice, there are tradeoffs with CSO, such as water scarcity. In the context of global-scale commercial frying applications, e.g., McDonald’s daily French fry production of 9 million tons per day, switching the frying oil to refined CSO (U.S.) represents potential savings of 1,130 to 2,188 tons of CO2-eq d-1. For fast-food chains seeking to reduce their climate change impacts, refined CSO (U.S.) may be useful in frying applications. However, opportunities may exist for improvement in water use efficiency in the cultivation phase, which reinforces the need for continuous improvements in agriculture. Keywords: Comparative life cycle assessment, Canola oil, Cottonseed oil, Cotton sustainability, Fast-food industry, LCA, Palm oil, Soybean oil, Vegetable frying oils.

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CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN THE FAST FOOD RESTAURANT IN ARAU, PERLIS: A STUDY ON PRICE, FOOD QUALITY AND SERVICE QUALITY

10.32890/jeth2021.1.8 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 163-183

Author(s):

Siti Aminah Hasbullah ◽

Umme Umaimah Amin ◽

Norhafizi Nordin ◽

Nurul Asmida Abd Razak

Keyword(s):

Customer Satisfaction ◽

Service Quality ◽

Food Quality ◽

Fast Food ◽

Food Industry ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Fast Food Industry ◽

Future Studies ◽

Fast Food Restaurants

The high demand from customers for quality services and competitive environment in the fast food industry give rise to the need to improve customers’ satisfaction that will increase the restaurant’s revenue. The objective of this study is to investigate the factors effecting customers’ satisfaction in fast food restaurants namely the price, service quality, and food quality of fast food restaurants in Arau, Perlis. The fast food restaurants selected for this study are Marry Brown, KFC, Pizza Hut and Domino's Pizza. A quantitative method was applied using online questionnaire to collect data from customers. The respondents consisted of customers who had experienced purchasing at these fast food restaurants. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between customers’ satisfaction and the price of the foods. However, the study indicated insignificant relationships between food quality, service quality of fast food businesses and customers’ satisfaction. For future studies, it is recommended that the study area is expanded to involve various samples of the population, for broader results. To obtain more precise and reliable results, a similar study considering other factors that influence customer satisfaction in fast food restaurants could be added as variables.

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A Study on Determining The Factors Impacting Consumer Perception Regarding The Online Food Delivery Apps in Guwahati

GIS Business ◽

10.26643/gis.v14i6.14324 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 521-542

Author(s):

Saroj Kumar Koiri ◽

Subhadeep Mukherjee ◽

Smriti Dutta

Keyword(s):

Fast Food ◽

Food Industry ◽

Food Preferences ◽

Food Delivery ◽

Consumer Perception ◽

Fast Food Industry ◽

The People ◽

Indian Food ◽

Consumer's Perception

Today, fast food industry is growing rapidly in India. It is getting adapted and also being upgraded according to Indian food requirements. Online food ordering apps and sites are developed in order to meet consumer’s expectations. With the changing food preferences and habits of the people, it is necessary to know what factors impact the consumer’s perception regarding online food delivery apps.

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QUALIDADE DAS ÁGUAS E NÍVEL TRÓFICO DA BACIA DO RIO PACIÊNCIA NA ILHA DO MARANHÃO, BRASIL

Revista da Casa da Geografia de Sobral (RCGS) ◽

10.35701/rcgs.v21n2.521 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 437-453

Author(s):

Elna Lucilia Santos Corrêa ◽

Karina Suzana Feitosa Pinheiro ◽

Cláudio José Da Silva de Sousa ◽

Luiz Jorge Bezerra da Silva Dias

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Trophic Status ◽

The Body ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Public Supply ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Great Availability ◽

Del Rio ◽

Fluvial Environments

O Brasil apresenta grande disponibilidade de água doce em seus mananciais. Fazendo parte desse recurso encontra-se, o rio Paciência, localizado na Ilha do Maranhão destacado pela sua importância local, principalmente por contribuir com suas águas para recarga dos mananciais subterrâneos, fonte de abastecimento público de vários bairros de São Luís, capital do estado. No entanto, este rio vem sofrendo comprometimento da qualidade de suas águas, consequência do processo de uso e ocupação dos espaços em sua bacia. Destacando-se como um dos principais problemas relacionados a qualidade de ambientes fluviais, a eutrofização, que consiste no processo em que o corpo d’água adquire elevados níveis de nutrientes (fosfatos e nitratos), é um indicador determinante da qualidade da água. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a qualidade da água e do estado trófico na bacia hidrográfica do rio Paciência atráves dos parâmetros fisico-químico evidenciando os trechos mais comprometidos conforme os valores alcançados nas análises. Os resultados das análises foram comparados com a CONAMA No. 357/05 que indicaram uma situação preocupante quanto à qualidade da água no local de estudo.Palavras-chave: Qualidade de água; Eutrofização; Ilha do Maranhão. ABSTRACTThe Brazil has great availability of fresh water in its springs. Within these contexts, the Paciência River, located on the Island of Maranhão stands out for its local importance, mainly for contributing its waters to the recharge of the underground springs, source of public supply of several districts of São Luís, capital of the state. However, this river has been compromising the quality of its waters, a consequence of the process of use and occupation of the spaces in its basin. Highlighting as one of the main problems related to the quality of fluvial environments, eutrophication, which consists of the process in which the body of water acquires high levels of nutrients (phosphates and nitrates), is a determinant indicator of water quality. In this sense, the objective of this work was to characterize the water quality and trophic status in the Paciência river basin through the physico-chemical parameters, showing the most compromised stretches according to the values reached in the analyzes. The results of the analyzes were compared with CONAMA No. 357/05 which indicated a worrying situation regarding the quality of the water at the place of study.Keywords: Water quality; Eutrophication; Island of Maranhão. RESUMENBrasil tiene gran disponibilidad de agua dulce en sus manantiales. Parte de este recurso es el río Paciencia, ubicado en la isla de Maranhão, que destaca por su importancia local, principalmente porque contribuye con sus aguas a recargar las fuentes subterráneas, fuente de suministro público de varios barrios de São Luís, capital del estado. Sin embargo, este río se ha visto afectado por la calidad de sus aguas, como consecuencia del proceso de uso y ocupación de los espacios en su cuenca. Destacando como uno de los principales problemas relacionados con la calidad de los ambientes fluviales, la eutrofización, que consiste en el proceso en el que el cuerpo de agua adquiere altos niveles de nutrientes (fosfatos y nitratos), es un indicador determinante de la calidad del agua. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar la calidad del agua y el estado trófico en la cuenca del río Paciência a través de los parámetros fisicoquímicos, mostrando las secciones más comprometidas de acuerdo con los valores alcanzados en los análisis. Los resultados de los análisis se compararon con CONAMA N°. 357/05, que indicó una situación preocupante con respecto a la calidad del agua en el sitio de estudio.Palabras clave: Calidad del agua; Eutrofización, Isla Maranhão.

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Chemical and Phytocoenological Characteristics of Two Different Slovak Peatlands

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10071290 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1290

Author(s):

Danica Fazekašová ◽

Gabriela Barančíková ◽

Juraj Fazekaš ◽

Lenka Štofejová ◽

Ján Halas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Profile ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Nitrogen Supply ◽

Point Of View ◽

Statistical Testing ◽

Plant Residues ◽

Soil Reaction ◽

Chemical Parameters

This paper presents the results of pedological and phytocoenological research focused on the detailed research of chemical parameters (pH, organic carbon, and nutrients), risk elements (As-metalloid, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn), and species composition of the vegetation of two different peatlands on the territory of Slovakia—Belianske Lúky (a fen) and Rudné (a bog). Sampling points were selected to characterize the profile of the organosol within the peatland, the soil profile between the peatland and the agricultural land, and the soil profile of the outlying agricultural land, which is used as permanent grassland. Based on phytocoenological records, a semi-quantitative analysis of taxa in accordance with the Braun–Blanquet scale was performed. The study revealed that the thickness of the peat horizon of the fen in comparison with the bog is very low. In terms of the quality of organic matter, the monitored peatlands are dominated by fresh plant residues such as cellulose and lignin. Differences between individual types of peatlands were also found in the soil reaction and the supply of nitrogen to the organic matter of peat. The values of the soil exchange reaction were neutral on the fen, as well as slightly alkaline but extremely low on the bog. A significantly higher nitrogen supply was found in the organic matter of the fen in contrast to the bog. At the same time, extremely low content of accessible P and an above-limit content of As in the surface horizons were also found on the fen. From the phytocoenological point of view, 22 plant species were identified on the fen, while only five species were identified on the bog, which also affected the higher diversity (H’) and equitability (e). The results of the statistical testing confirmed the diversity of the studied peatlands and the different impact of environmental variables on plant diversity.

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Feature Extraction and Classification of Citrus Juice by Using an Enhanced L-KSVD on Data Obtained from Electronic Nose

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19040916 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 916 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wen Cao ◽

Chunmei Liu ◽

Pengfei Jia

Keyword(s):

Feature Extraction ◽

Kernel Function ◽

Electronic Nose ◽

Classification Accuracy ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Object Function ◽

Optimal Value ◽

Processed Products

Aroma plays a significant role in the quality of citrus fruits and processed products. The detection and analysis of citrus volatiles can be measured by an electronic nose (E-nose); in this paper, an E-nose is employed to classify the juice which is stored for different days. Feature extraction and classification are two important requirements for an E-nose. During the training process, a classifier can optimize its own parameters to achieve a better classification accuracy but cannot decide its input data which is treated by feature extraction methods, so the classification result is not always ideal. Label consistent KSVD (L-KSVD) is a novel technique which can extract the feature and classify the data at the same time, and such an operation can improve the classification accuracy. We propose an enhanced L-KSVD called E-LCKSVD for E-nose in this paper. During E-LCKSVD, we introduce a kernel function to the traditional L-KSVD and present a new initialization technique of its dictionary; finally, the weighted coefficients of different parts of its object function is studied, and enhanced quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (EQPSO) is employed to optimize these coefficients. During the experimental section, we firstly find the classification accuracy of KSVD, and L-KSVD is improved with the help of the kernel function; this can prove that their ability of dealing nonlinear data is improved. Then, we compare the results of different dictionary initialization techniques and prove our proposed method is better. Finally, we find the optimal value of the weighted coefficients of the object function of E-LCKSVD that can make E-nose reach a better performance.

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Base Wine and Traditional Sparkling Wine Making Using Torulaspora delbrueckii Killer Yeasts

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/foods_2020-07756 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

Alberto Martínez ◽

Rocío Velázquez ◽

Emiliano Zamora ◽

María L. Franco ◽

Camille Garzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Esters ◽

Sparkling Wine ◽

Torulaspora Delbrueckii ◽

Organoleptic Quality ◽

Wine Making ◽

Low Co2 ◽

Sweet Wines ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

Better Than

The killer strains of Torulaspora delbrueckii can be used to improve the dominance of this yeast during must fermentation. The present work analyzes its usefulness for traditional sparkling wine making. T. delbrueckii killer strain dominated base wine fermentation better than non-killer strains and produced dried wines. The foam ability of T. delbrueckii base wines was very low compared to that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Significant positive correlations of foam parameters were found with some amounts of C4–C16 ethyl esters and proteins, and negative correlations with some antifoam alcohols. The organoleptic quality of T. delbrueckii base wines was considered unusual for cava making. While S. cerevisiae (single or mixed with T. delbrueckii) completed the second fermentation to produce dry sparkling wines with high CO2 pressure, single T. delbrueckii did not complete this fermentation, leaving sweet wines with low CO2 pressure. Death due to CO2 pressure was much higher in T. delbrueckii than in S. cerevisiae, making any killer effect of S. cerevisiae on T. delbrueckii irrelevant. However, the organoleptic quality of cava inoculated with mixtures of the two yeast species was better than that of wine inoculated exclusively with S. cerevisiae, and no deterioration in the quality of the foam was observed.

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Prediction of all-cause mortality from 24 month trajectories in patient-reported psychological, clinical and quality of life outcomes in uveal melanoma patients

Journal of Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1007/s10865-021-00252-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen L. Brown ◽

Peter L. Fisher ◽

Laura Hope-Stone ◽

Heinrich Heimann ◽

Rumana Hussain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Life Expectancy ◽

Uveal Melanoma ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Tumor Diameter ◽

Control Variables ◽

Patient Reported ◽

All Cause Mortality

AbstractA number of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) predict increased mortality after primary cancer treatment. Studies, though, are sometimes affected by methodological limitations. They often use control variables that poorly predict life expectancy, examine only one or two PROs thus not controlling potential confounding by unmeasured PROs, and observe PROs at only a single point in time. To predict all-cause mortality, this study used control variables affording good estimates of life expectancy, conducted multivariate analyses of multiple PROs to identify independent predictors, and monitored PROs two years after diagnosis. We recruited a consecutive sample of 824 patients with uveal melanoma between April 2008 and December 2014. PROs were variables shown to predict mortality in previous studies; anxiety, depression, visual and ocular symptoms, visual function impairment, worry about cancer recurrence, and physical, emotional, social and functional quality of life (QoL), measured 6, 12 and 24 months after diagnosis. We conducted Cox regression analyses with a census date of December 2018. Covariates were age, gender, marital and employment status, self-reported co-morbidities, tumor diameter and thickness, treatment modality and chromosome 3 mutation status, the latter a genetic mutation strongly associated with mortality. Single predictor analyses (with covariates), showed 6-month depression and poorer functional QoL predicting mortality, as did 6–12 month increases in anxiety and 6–12 month decreases in physical and functional QoL. Multivariate analyses using all PROs showed independent prediction by 6-month depression and decreasing QoL over 6–12 months and 12–24 months. Elevated depression scores six months post-diagnosis constituted an increased mortality risk. Early intervention for depressive symptoms may reduce mortality.

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Some indicators of water quality of the Tamis river

Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly ◽

10.2298/ciceq100712060b ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 107-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nada Babovic ◽

Dejan Markovic ◽

Vojkan Dimitrijevic ◽

Dragan Markovic

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Ph Value ◽

Ammonium Nitrogen ◽

Field Analysis ◽

Total Hardness ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Physico Chemical

This paper shows the results obtained in field analysis performed at the Tamis River, starting from the settlement Jasa Tomic - border between Serbia and Romania to Pancevo - confluence of Tamis into the Danube. The Tamis is a 359 km long river rising in the southern Carpathian Mountains. It flows through the Banat region and flows into the Danube near Pancevo. During the years the water quality of the river has severely deteriorated and badly affected the environment and the river ecosystem. In situ measurements enabled determination of physico-chemical parameters of water quality of the Tamis River on every 400 m of the watercourse, such as: water temperature, pH value, electrical conductivity, contents of dissolved oxygen and oxygen saturation. The main reason of higher pollution of Tamis is seen in connection to DTD hydro system. Sampling was performed at 7 points with regard to color, turbidity, total hardness, alkalinity, concentration of ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, iron, chlorides and sulphates in samples. The aim of the present work was to evaluate water quality in the Tamis River taking into account significant pollution, which originates from settlements, industry and agriculture, and to suggest appropriate preventive measures to further pollution decreasing of the river's water.

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