scholarly journals Heat-Moisture Treatment Further Reduces In Vitro Digestibility and Enhances Resistant Starch Content of a High-Resistant Starch and Low-Glutelin Rice

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2562
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Li ◽  
Dongshu Guo ◽  
Xiao Li ◽  
Zhaocheng Tang ◽  
Xitie Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Targeted Mutagenesis ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Heat Moisture Treatment ◽  
Moisture Treatment

A novel rice germplasm sbeIIb/Lgc1 producing grains rich in resistant starch (RS) but low in glutelin has been developed through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis for its potential benefits to patients with diabetes and kidney diseases. In this study, a hydrothermal approach known as heat-moisture treatment (HMT) was identified as a simple and effective method in reinforcing the nutritional benefits of sbeIIb/Lgc1 rice. As a result of HMT treatment at 120 °C for 2 h, significant reductions in in vitro digestibility and enhancements in RS content were observed in sbeIIb/Lgc1 rice flour when the rice flour mass fraction was 80% and 90%. The low-glutelin feature of sbeIIb/Lgc1 rice was not compromised by HMT. The potential impacts of HMT on a range of physicochemical properties of sbeIIb/Lgc1 rice flour have also been analyzed. HMT resulted in a darker color of rice flour, alteration in the semi-crystalline structure, an increase in gelatinization temperatures, and reductions in the pasting viscosities as the moisture content increased. This study provides vital data for the food industry to facilitate the application of this dual-functional rice flour as a health food ingredient.

scholarly journals Impacts of Hydrothermal Treatments on the Morphology, Structural Characteristics, and In Vitro Digestibility of Water Caltrop Starch

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4974
Author(s):  
Jia-Lin Liu ◽  
Po-Ching Tsai ◽  
Lih-Shiuh Lai
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Relative Crystallinity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Moisture Treatment ◽  
Moisture Treatment

The influence of hydrothermal treatments on the structural properties and digestibility of water caltrop starch was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed some small dents on the surface of starch granules for samples treated with heat moisture treatment (HMT), but not for samples treated with annealing (ANN) which generally showed smoother surfaces. The gelatinization temperature of starch was generally increased by hydrothermal treatments, accompanied by a trend of decreasing breakdown viscosity. These results implied the improvement of thermal and shearing stability, particularly for HMT in comparison to ANN. After being cooked, the native and ANN-modified water caltrop starch granules were essentially burst or destroyed. On the other hand, the margin of starch granules modified by HMT and dual hydrothermal treatments remained clear with some channels inside the starch granules. X-ray diffraction revealed that the crystalline pattern of water caltrop starch changed from the CA-type to the A-type and the relative crystallinity reduced with increasing moisture levels of HMT. Results of ANN-modified water caltrop starch were mostly similar to those of the native one. Moreover, water caltrop starch modified with HMT20 and dual modification contained a pronouncedly higher resistant starch content. These results suggested that HMT, ANN, and dual modification effectively modified the functional properties of water caltrop starch.

scholarly journals In Vitro Starch Digestibility, Rheological, and Physicochemical Properties of Water Caltrop Starch Modified with Cycled Heat-Moisture Treatment

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1687
Author(s):  
Po-Ching Tsai ◽  
Lih-Shiuh Lai
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Weight Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Heat Moisture Treatment ◽  
Moisture Treatment ◽  
Starch Paste

This study focused on the effect of cycled heat-moisture treatment (cHMT) on the in vitro digestibility, rheological, and physicochemical properties of water caltrop starch. The amylose content increased significantly by cHMT, whereas damaged starch content decreased only in the groups with more than two cycles applications. cHMT generally increased the weight-average molecular weight, except for single cycle treatment which showed the reverse result. In thermal properties, the onset temperature (T0), peak temperature (Tp), and conclusion temperature (Tc) increased, while the enthalpy needed to complete the gelatinization was lowered by cHMT. Water caltrop starch paste showed less shear-thinning behavior with cHMT. Meanwhile, the viscosity and tendency to form strong gel were enfeebled with modification. cHMT significantly changed predicted glycemic index (pGI) value, especially in samples that underwent the most cycles of treatment, which showed the lowest pGI compared to native and other treatment. These results suggested that cHMT water caltrop starch was effectively modified and showed diversified properties.

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Moisture Treatment Using Different Solvents and Incubation Times on Resistant Starch Formation of Rice Flour

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 560-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuchita Moongngarm ◽  
Piyatida Srijinda ◽  
Tatdao Paseephol ◽  
Supachai Samana ◽  
Nipapon Martphutorn
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Heat Moisture Treatment ◽  
Moisture Treatment ◽  
Starch Formation

scholarly journals The effect of heat-moisture treatment conditions on the structure properties and functionalities of potato starch

10.5219/1647 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 824-834
Author(s):  
Chunli Deng ◽  
Oksana Melnyk ◽  
Yanghe Luo
Keyword(s):  
Potato Starch ◽  
Hollow Structure ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Relative Crystallinity ◽  
Heat Moisture Treatment ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Moisture Treatment

Potato starch was modified via heat-moisture treatment (HMT) under various reaction conditions. The effect of HMT on structural, physicochemical, and in vitro digestibility were investigated. HMT led to the rupture, adhesion and partial gelatinization, and agglomeration of the granules which surface became rougher, thereby increasing the particle size and resulting in the hollow structure located at the hilum of potato starch granules. XRD results showed an increased relative crystallinity and transformed crystalline structure from B-type to C-type with the extension of heat moisture treatment. FTIR spectroscopy results indicated that HMT might cause additional interactions between amylose-amylose, and/or amylose-amylopectin and/or amylopectin-amylopectin chains, which eventually leads to the increase of the mass of the carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group. HMT significantly decreased the peak viscosity, hold viscosity, and breakdown viscosity of starch, while the gelatinization temperature increased. The tHMT1, THMT100, and CHMT15 had the lowest content of RDS and there was no significant difference between the three samples, that is these three samples had the highest total content of SDS and RS.

Development of resistant corn starch for use as an oral colon-specific nanoparticulate drug carrier

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1073-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norul Nazilah Ab’lah ◽  
Nagarjun Konduru Venkata ◽  
Tin Wui Wong
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Native Starch ◽  
Heat Moisture Treatment ◽  
Moisture Treatment

Abstract Starch is constituted of amylose and amylopectin. Debranching of amylopectin converts it into amylose thereby producing resistant starch which is known to be less digestible by the amylase. This study designed resistant starch using acid hydrolysis and heat-moisture treatment methods with native corn starch as the starting material. Both native and processed starches were subjected to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, differential scanning calorimetry and molecular weight analysis. They were nanospray-dried into nanoparticles with 5-fluorouracil as the drug of interest for colon cancer treatment. These nanoparticles were subjected to size, zeta potential, morphology, drug content and in vitro drug release analysis. Heat-moisture treatment of native corn starch enabled the formation of resistant starch through amylopectin debranching and molecular weight reduction thereby enhancing hydrogen bonding between the starch molecules at the amorphous phase and gelatinization capacity. The nanoparticles prepared from resistant starch demonstrated similar drug release as those of native starch in spite of the resistant starch had a lower molecular weight. The resistant starch is envisaged to be resistant to the digestive action of amylase in intestinal tract without the formed nanoparticles exhibiting excessively fast drug release in comparison to native starch. With reduced branching, it represents an ideal precursor for targeting ligand conjugation in design of oral colon-specific nanoparticulate drug carrier.

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