scholarly journals Rapid Analysis of Milk Using Low-Cost Pocket-Size NIR Spectrometers and Multivariate Analysis

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Riu ◽  
Giulia Gorla ◽  
Dib Chakif ◽  
Ricard Boqué ◽  
Barbara Giussani
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Multivariate Calibration ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Green Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Data Acquisition Time ◽  
Commercial Milk ◽  
New Generation

The miniaturisation of analytical devices, reduction of analytical data acquisition time, or the reduction of waste generation throughout the analytical process are important requirements of modern analytical chemistry, and in particular of green analytical chemistry. Green analytical chemistry has fostered the development of a new generation of miniaturized near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) spectrometric systems. However, one of the drawbacks of these systems is the need for a compromise between the performance parameters (accuracy and sensitivity) and the aforementioned requirements of green analytical chemistry. In this paper, we evaluated the capabilities of two recently developed portable NIR instruments (SCiO and NeoSpectra) to achieve a rapid, simple and low-cost quantitative determination of commercial milk macronutrients. Commercial milk samples from Italy, Switzerland and Spain were chosen, covering the maximum range of variability in protein, carbohydrate and fat content, and multivariate calibration was used to correlate the recorded spectra with the macronutrient content of milk. Both SCiO and NeoSpectra can provide a fast and reliable analysis of fats in commercial milk, and they are able to correctly classify milk according to fat level. SCiO can also provide predictions of protein content and classification according to presence or absence of lactose.

scholarly journals NEW, GREEN AND MINIATURIZED ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF CEFADROXIL MONOHYDRATE IN CAPSULES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Marco ◽  
Ana Kogawa ◽  
Hérida Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Standard Sample ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Green Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Color Reagent ◽  
Routine Quality Control

Cefadroxil, an oral antimicrobial, presents few techniques optimized for the reduction of solvents and toxic residues and/or non-use of them. So, a quantitative, new and miniaturized method for determination of cefadroxil monohydrate in capsules has been developed and validated by spectrophotometric method in the visible region according to the international guidelines. The analyzes were performed using microplates containing 96 wells, 1 % of phenolphthalein and sodium hydroxide 0.1 M as reagent at 552 nm. The method was (i) linear in the range of 15-115 µg mL-1, (ii) selective when comparing standard, sample, adjuvants and color reagent, (iii) precise with deviations below 4 %, (iv) accurate when comparing the proposed method with the HPLC method, (v) robusts by making small and deliberate modifications to the method, (vi) besides being fast, low cost, eco-friendly and generates minimal amount of waste. The method can be applied to the routine quality control of cefadroxil monohydrate in capsules and an effective and accessible alternative that contemplates the concepts of current and sustainable green analytical chemistry.

scholarly journals CO3D, A WORLDWIDE ONE ONE-METER ACCURACY DEM FOR 2025

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B1-2020 ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
L. Lebègue ◽  
E. Cazala-Hourcade ◽  
F. Languille ◽  
S. Artigues ◽  
O. Melet
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Infrared Band ◽  
Automatic Production ◽  
Worldwide Production ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Absolute Height ◽  
Dem Accuracy ◽  
New Generation ◽  
2D And 3D

Abstract. The goal of the CO3D (Constellation Optique 3D) mission is the full-automatic production of a worldwide accurate DEM. CO3D is also a constellation of a new generation of low-cost optical satellites. The DEM accuracy is expected to be one meter in relative height and two meters in absolute height with a one-meter grid space. Each of the four satellites of the constellation will provide images with 0.50 m resolution in red, green, blue bands. A NIR (Near-InfraRed) band will also be available with a resolution close to 1 m. The satellites resource will be shared by, on one hand, the French institutions (government, scientists concerned by global Earth monitoring) who will have dedicated access and preferred price conditions, and on the other hand commercial customers interested in 2D and 3D products. The launch of the constellation is expected mid-2023 and 90 % of the DEM worldwide production should be reached by the end of 2025.Starting from an overview of the system characteristics and its main innovations, this paper presents the expected performance, the 2D and 3D products that should be available for the end-users and finally how they should be qualified.

Monitoring Biodiesel Fuel Quality by near Infrared Spectroscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Felizardo ◽  
Patrícia Baptista ◽  
Margarida Sousa Uva ◽  
José C. Menezes ◽  
M. Joana Neiva Correia
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Multivariate Calibration ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Biodiesel Quality

Biodiesel is produced mainly by a transesterification reaction which involves the reaction of vegetable oils, animal fats or waste oils with an alcohol (such as methanol) in the presence of a catalyst (such as sodium hydroxide or methoxide). Since the presence of contaminants can cause severe engine problems, the assessment of the biodiesel quality is very important. This work reports the use of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to determine the content of water and methanol in industrial and laboratory-scale biodiesel samples. A qualitative analysis of the spectra by principal components analysis was carried out and partial least squares regression was used to develop calibration models between spectral and analytical data. The results indicate that the use of NIR spectroscopy, in combination with multivariate calibration, is a promising technique to assess the biodiesel quality in both laboratory-scale and industrial-scale samples.

A New Method for Multivariate Calibration

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 241-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Marbach
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Multivariate Calibration ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Classical Model ◽  
Principal Component Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
New Method ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Pharmaceutical Tablets ◽  
K Matrix

A new method for multivariate calibration is described that combines the best features of “classical” (also called “physical” or “K-matrix”) calibration and “inverse” (or “statistical” or “P-matrix”) calibration. By estimating the spectral signal in the physical way and the spectral noise in the statistical way, so to speak, the prediction accuracy of the inverse model can be combined with the low cost and ease of interpretability of the classical model, including “built-in” proof of specificity of response. The cost of calibration is significantly reduced compared to today's standard practice of statistical calibration using partial least squares or principal component regression, because the need for lab-reference values is virtually eliminated. The method is demonstrated on a data set of near-infrared spectra from pharmaceutical tablets, which is available on the web (so-called Chambersburg Shoot-out 2002 data set). Another benefit is that the correct definitions of the “limits of multivariate detection” become obvious. The sensitivity of multivariate measurements is shown to be limited by the so-called “spectral noise,” and the specificity is shown to be limited by potentially existing “unspecific correlations.” Both limits are testable from first principles, i.e. from measurable pieces of data and without the need to perform any calibration.

Detection of Nitrogen Content in Rubber Leaves Using Near-Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy with Correlation-Based Successive Projections Algorithm (SPA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 740-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongnian Tang ◽  
Xupeng Chen ◽  
Chuang Li
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Multivariate Calibration ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Successive Projections Algorithm ◽  
Variable Subset ◽  
Successive Projections

Near-infrared spectroscopy is an efficient, low-cost technology that has potential as an accurate method in detecting the nitrogen content of natural rubber leaves. Successive projections algorithm (SPA) is a widely used variable selection method for multivariate calibration, which uses projection operations to select a variable subset with minimum multi-collinearity. However, due to the fluctuation of correlation between variables, high collinearity may still exist in non-adjacent variables of subset obtained by basic SPA. Based on analysis to the correlation matrix of the spectra data, this paper proposed a correlation-based SPA (CB-SPA) to apply the successive projections algorithm in regions with consistent correlation. The result shows that CB-SPA can select variable subsets with more valuable variables and less multi-collinearity. Meanwhile, models established by the CB-SPA subset outperform basic SPA subsets in predicting nitrogen content in terms of both cross-validation and external prediction. Moreover, CB-SPA is assured to be more efficient, for the time cost in its selection procedure is one-twelfth that of the basic SPA.

Use of near infrared spectroscopy for the rapid low-cost analysis of waste papers and cardboards

2017 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 465-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. M. Hayes ◽  
M. H. B. Hayes ◽  
J. J. Leahy
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Klason Lignin ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Particle Size Fractions

Analytical data and quantitative near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy models for various lignocellulosic components (including Klason lignin and the constituent sugars glucose, xylose, mannose, arabinose, galactose, and rhamnose), ash, and ethanol-soluble extractives were obtained for 53 samples of paper and cardboard. These samples were mostly the type of materials typically found in domestic wastes (e.g. newspapers, printing paper, glossy papers, food packaging). A number of the samples (48) were obtained by separating a sample, after milling, into two particle size fractions. It was found that the fractions containing the smaller particles typically had higher ash and Klason lignin contents and lower glucose and xylose contents than the larger particle size fractions. Nevertheless, all of the sample types had attractive total sugars contents (>50%), indicating that these could be suitable feedstocks for the production of biofuels and chemicals in hydrolysis-based biorefining technologies. NIR models of a high predictive accuracy (R2 of >0.9 for the independent validation set) were obtained for total sugars, glucose, xylose, Klason lignin, and ash, with values for the Root Mean Square Error of Prediction (RMSEP) of 2.36%, 2.64%, 0.56%, 1.98%, and 4.87%, respectively. Good NIR models (R2 of >0.8) were also obtained for mannose, arabinose, and galactose. These results suggest that NIR spectroscopy is a suitable method for the rapid, low-cost, analysis of the major lignocellulosic components of waste paper/cardboard samples.

scholarly journals Eco-friendly and miniaturized analytical method for quantification of Rifaximin in tablets

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Clara Motta ◽  
Ana Kogawa ◽  
Marlus Chorilli ◽  
Hérida Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ultraviolet Region ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Green Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
A Current

Rifaximin is an oral antimicrobial, semisynthetic and nonabsorbable with minimal adverse effects that act locally in the gastrointestinal tract. Rifaximin does not have standardized methods of analysis for the tablets evaluation in official compendiums. The objective of this study is to develop and validate an analytical method for the quantification of rifaximin in tablets by spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet region, aiming at a miniaturized and eco-friendly method. The method was performed using 700 μL cuvette and purified water: ethanol (4:1, v/v) as diluent. The wavelength used was 233 nm and the range of concentrations was 4-14 µg mL-1. It was linear with correlation coefficient greater than 0.9999, precise with relative standard deviation equal 0.80%, 1.19% and 1.19% for intraday, interday and interanalyst precision, respectively, exact with average recovery of 100.56%, selective against the presence of interferents such as impuruties, matrix compouds and solvents used and robust with the change of ethyl alcohol brand and proportion used as diluent. The method developed presents advantages as, minimum waste generation, reduction in amount of sample, standard and solvents used and reduction in time of analysis. Then this method can be used in rotine analysis of rifaximin tablets as a alternative method, reliable, effective, really fast, low cost, eco-friendly and miniaturized. This study contemplates a current and innovative topic which is extremely important for the area of Quality Control of drugs and medicines and for the sustainable Green Analytical Chemistry.

scholarly journals Combining Normal/Reversed-Phase HPTLC with Univariate Calibration for the Piperine Quantification with Traditional and Ultrasound-Assisted Extracts of Various Food Spices of Piper nigrum L. under Green Analytical Chemistry Viewpoint

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 732
Author(s):  
Mohammed H. Alqarni ◽  
Prawez Alam ◽  
Ahmed I. Foudah ◽  
Magdy M. Muharram ◽  
Faiyaz Shakeel
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Normal Phase ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Green Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Pharmaceutical Samples ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

Due to unavailability of sustainable analytical techniques for the quantitation of piperine (PPN) in food and pharmaceutical samples, there was a need to develop a rapid and sensitive sustainable analytical technique for the quantitation of PPN. Therefore, the current research presents a fast and highly sensitive normal/reversed-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique with classical univariate calibration for the quantitation of PPN in various food spices of black pepper with traditional (TE) and ultrasound-assisted extracts (UBE) of various food spices of Piper nigrum L. under green analytical chemistry viewpoint. The amount of PPN in TE of four different spices of black pepper—namely BPMH, BPLU, BPSH, and BPPA—was found to be 309.53, 304.97, 282.82, and 232.73 mg g−1, respectively using a sustainable normal-phase HPTLC technique. However, the amount of PPN in UBE of BPMH, BPLU, BPSH, and BPPA was recorded as 318.52, 314.60, 292.41, and 241.82 mg g−1, respectively using a sustainable normal phase HPTLC technique. The greenness of normal/reversed-phase HPTLC technique was predicted using AGREE metric approach. The eco-scale was found to be 0.90, suggested excellent greenness of normal/reversed-phase technique. UBE of PPN was also found to be superior over TE of PPN. Overall, the results of this research suggested that the proposed normal/reversed-phase densitometry technique could be effectively used for the quantitation of PPN in food and pharmaceutical samples.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Using VIS/NIR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis for Pesticide Residue Detection in Tomatoes

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Araz Soltani Nazarloo ◽  
Vali Rasooli Sharabiani ◽  
Yousef Abbaspour Gilandeh ◽  
Ebrahim Taghinezhad ◽  
Mariusz Szymanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Residue Detection ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Reflective Spectroscopy

The purpose of this work was to investigate the detection of the pesticide residual (profenofos) in tomatoes by using visible/near-infrared spectroscopy. Therefore, the experiments were performed on 180 tomato samples with different percentages of profenofos pesticide (higher and lower values than the maximum residual limit (MRL)) as compared to the control (no pesticide). VIS/near infrared (NIR) spectral data from pesticide solution and non-pesticide tomato samples (used as control treatment) impregnated with different concentrations of pesticide in the range of 400 to 1050 nm were recorded by a spectrometer. For classification of tomatoes with pesticide content at lower and higher levels of MRL as healthy and unhealthy samples, we used different spectral pre-processing methods with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models. The Smoothing Moving Average pre-processing method with the standard error of cross validation (SECV) = 4.2767 was selected as the best model for this study. In addition, in the calibration and prediction sets, the percentages of total correctly classified samples were 90 and 91.66%, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that reflective spectroscopy (VIS/NIR) can be used as a non-destructive, low-cost, and rapid technique to control the health of tomatoes impregnated with profenofos pesticide.

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