scholarly journals COVID-19 and the Gastrointestinal Tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-404
Author(s):  
María-Jimena Mucino-Bermejo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Gastrointestinal Involvement ◽  
Gastrointestinal Manifestations ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
Common Clinical Finding

Since it was discovered at the end of 2019; the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has made a serious public health threat worldwide, with over 175 million confirmed cases reported globally. Even when COVID-19 was initially considered a respiratory disease, it was actually known to be multisystemic, with gastrointestinal involvement a common clinical finding. Furthermore, COVID-19 may affect patients with gastrointestinal comorbidities, being the clinical intersectionality of utmost interest for gastroenterologists; critical care physicians and all the healthcare team taking care of COVID-19 patients. The present article presents a brief review of the reported gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 disease in both previously healthy individuals and in patients with gastrointestinal comorbidities.

OBESITY IN SARS-COV-2 INFECTION: LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Donizete Tavares Da Silva ◽  
Priscila De Sousa Barros Lima ◽  
Renato Sampaio Mello Neto ◽  
Gustavo Magalhães Valente ◽  
Débora Dias Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (1) declared COVID-19 as a pandemic and a threat to global public health (2). The virus mainly affects the lungs and can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In addition, coronavirus 2 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARSCOV2) also has devastating effects on other important organs, including the circulatory system, brain, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and liver

scholarly journals CoVID-19: a Digestive Disease!

2020 ◽  
pp. 714-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Younes Cherradi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Digestive Disease ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Digestive Endoscopy ◽  
First Case ◽  
Multiple Levels

CoVID-19 is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Since the first case has been reported in Wuhan in China, evidence of associated severe acute respiratory syndrome is well established and the disease is accepted as a primarily respiratory infection. However, current available data are supporting a gastrointestinal tropism with great implications at multiple levels in the course of this disease. The gastrointestinal tract appears in the heart of the strategy for management of infected patients from diagnosis to post-recovery isolation policies. This review highlights the digestive aspects of CoVID-19. Keywords: ACE2, CoVID-19, Digestive, Endoscopy, Fecal transmission, Liver, Prognosis

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Why is it so lethal?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
Anika Tursa Promi ◽  
Sanzida Islam Bristi ◽  
Farhana Akhter ◽  
Rashed Noor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Antiviral Drugs ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
Public Health Threat

COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been the most dreadful mass public health threat for more than a year. An array of clinical trials with repurposed and repositioned drugs as well as with the candidate vaccines are being conducted with the aim of mitigation of COVID-19. While a few antiviral drugs and several candidate vaccines showed satisfactory results in the clinical trials, the side effects after vaccination and the evolution of new SARS-CoV-2 variants appear as a major challenge for the scientists. Present review focused on the possible reasons behind the lethality of SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Early experience with universal preprocedural testing for SARS-CoV-2 in a relatively low-prevalence area

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sarah S. Lewis ◽  
Becky A. Smith ◽  
Ibukunoluwa C. Akinboyo ◽  
Jessica Seidelman ◽  
Cameron Wolfe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Early Experience ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Low Prevalence

Abstract We implemented universal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing of patients undergoing surgical procedures as a means to conserve personal protective equipment (PPE). The rate of asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was <0.5%, which suggests that early local public health interventions were successful. Although our protocol was resource intensive, it prevented exposures to healthcare team members.

scholarly journals Rapid replacement of the Beta variant by the Delta variant in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houriiyah Tegally ◽  
Eduan Wilkinson ◽  
Christian L. Althaus ◽  
Marta Giovanetti ◽  
James Emmanuel San ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Rapid Replacement ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Epidemic Wave

The Beta variant of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in South Africa in late 2020 and rapidly became the dominant variant, causing over 95% of infections in the country during and after the second epidemic wave. Here we show rapid replacement of the Beta variant by the Delta variant, a highly transmissible variant of concern (VOC) that emerged in India and subsequently spread around the world. The Delta variant was imported to South Africa primarily from India, spread rapidly in large monophyletic clusters to all provinces, and became dominant within three months of introduction. This was associated with a resurgence in community transmission, leading to a third wave which was associated with a high number of deaths. We estimated a growth advantage for the Delta variant in South Africa of 0.089 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.084-0.093) per day which corresponds to a transmission advantage of 46% (95% CI 44-48) compared to the Beta variant. These data provide additional support for the increased transmissibility of the Delta variant relative to other VOC and highlight how dynamic shifts in the distribution of variants contribute to the ongoing public health threat.

scholarly journals Complications and Pathophysiology of COVID-19 in the Nervous System

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyang Yu ◽  
Tong Sun ◽  
Juan Feng
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Neurological Damage ◽  
Public Health Threat

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global public health threat. Majority of the patients with COVID-19 have fever, cough, and fatigue. Critically ill patients can develop dyspnea and acute respiratory distress syndrome. In addition to respiratory symptoms, neurological damage also occurs in some patients. However, the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 invades the nervous system have not been elucidated yet. In order to provide some reference for designing optimal therapeutic strategies, we have discussed the complications and potential mechanisms of COVID-19 in the nervous system in this review.

Gastrointestinal Mastocytosis: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall to Be Aware

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-646
Author(s):  
Magda Zanelli ◽  
Rish K. Pai ◽  
Maria Grazia Zorzi ◽  
Maurizio Zizzo ◽  
Giovanni Martino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Systemic Mastocytosis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Organ Involvement ◽  
Skin Involvement ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Gastrointestinal Involvement ◽  
Gastrointestinal Manifestations ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfall ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Mastocytosis is a rare and heterogeneous group of disorders that may be limited to the skin and even spontaneously regress or may have a systemic presentation with multi-organ involvement and poor outcome. Among the extracutaneous sites, gastrointestinal tract is often affected, but nonspecific clinical manifestations combined with subtle histological findings of the disease makes the diagnosis of gastrointestinal mastocytosis rather hard. In absence of a high index of suspicion, gastrointestinal involvement is easily overlooked. We report a challenging case of systemic mastocytosis presenting with isolated gastrointestinal manifestations without skin involvement, in which the diagnosis was missed at first evaluation of intestinal biopsies.

LGBTQ Intimate Partner Violence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam M. Messinger
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Victim Services ◽  
Public Health Threat

Many nations today recognize intimate partner violence (IPV) in romantic-sexual relationships as a major public health threat, yet not all victims are treated equally. Contrary to myths, lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans*, and queer (LGBTQ) people are more likely to experience IPV than heterosexual-cisgender people. Unfortunately, LGBTQ victims face major barriers to reaching safety in a world that too often stigmatizes their identities and overlooks their relationships when forming victim services and policies. Offering a roadmap forward, LGBTQ Intimate Partner Violence: Lessons for Policy, Practice, and Research is the first book to synthesize nearly all existing research from the past forty years on this pressing issue. At once highly organized and engaging, it provides evidence-based tips for academic and nonacademic audiences alike.

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