OBESITY IN SARS-COV-2 INFECTION: LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Donizete Tavares Da Silva ◽  
Priscila De Sousa Barros Lima ◽  
Renato Sampaio Mello Neto ◽  
Gustavo Magalhães Valente ◽  
Débora Dias Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (1) declared COVID-19 as a pandemic and a threat to global public health (2). The virus mainly affects the lungs and can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In addition, coronavirus 2 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARSCOV2) also has devastating effects on other important organs, including the circulatory system, brain, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and liver

scholarly journals An Uncertain Risk: The World Health Organization's Account of H1N1

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeepa Abeysinghe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
World Health ◽  
Scientific Uncertainty ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Risk ◽  
Health Organization

ArgumentScientific uncertainty is fundamental to the management of contemporary global risks. In 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the start of the H1N1 Influenza Pandemic. This declaration signified the risk posed by the spread of the H1N1 virus, and in turn precipitated a range of actions by global public health actors. This article analyzes the WHO's public representation of risk and examines the centrality of scientific uncertainty in the case of H1N1. It argues that the WHO's risk narrative reflected the context of scientific uncertainty in which it was working. The WHO argued that it was attempting to remain faithful to the scientific evidence, and the uncertain nature of the threat. However, as a result, the WHO's public risk narrative was neither consistent nor socially robust, leading to the eventual contestation of the WHO's position by other global public health actors, most notably the Council of Europe. This illustrates both the significance of scientific uncertainty in the investigation of risk, and the difficulty for risk managing institutions in effectively acting in the face of this uncertainty.

scholarly journals Four pandemics: lessons learned, lessons lost

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
World Health ◽  
Swine Flu ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Spanish Flu ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Health Organization

In the past 100 years, the world has faced four distinctly different pandemics: the Spanish flu of 1918-1919, the SARS pandemic of 2003, the H1N1 or “swine flu” pandemic of 2012, and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Each public health crisis exposed specific systemic shortfalls and provided public health lessons for future events. The Spanish flu revealed a nursing shortage and led to a great appreciation of nursing as a profession. SARS showed the importance of having frontline clinicians be able to work with regulators and those producing guidelines. H1N1 raised questions about the nature of a global organization such as the World Health Organization in terms of the benefits and potential disadvantages of leading the fight against a long-term global public health threat. In the era of COVID-19, it seems apparent that we are learning about both the blessing and curse of social media.

scholarly journals How to Control Covid-19 with a Nanobiotherapy?

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
World Health ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Muscle Ache

The outbreak of emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) in China has been brought to global attention and declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. In a recent study of Nanshan Chen et al., on patients of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China, from the 99 patients with SARSCoV-2 infection, 51% had chronic diseases and they had symptoms of fever (83%), cough (82%) shortness of breath (31%), muscle ache (11%), fatigue (9%), headache (8%), sore throat (5%), rhinorrhea (4%), chest pain (2%), diarrhea (2%), and nausea and vomiting (1%) [1, 2]. The majority of patients can recover, however, about 25% of patients will progress into severe complications including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which may worsen rapidly into respiratory failure, need an intensive care unit (ICU) and even cause multiple organ failure [3]. Depending on the pathophysiological mechanisms supposed to be involved in the development of the various clinical forms of the disease, various types of treatment have been tested with varying degrees of success. We have developed a nanotherapy to block the entry of the virus into the host cell, to reduce its potential for replication and to regulate the immune response against the microbial aggressor [4].

scholarly journals COVID-19- or Tramadol-induced Seizure: A Differential Diagnosis in Young People

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 32009.1-32009.2
Author(s):  
Solmaz Nekoueifard ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Majidi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Health Organization

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first declared in December 2019 from Wuhan, China [1, 2]. It then has been reported a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization [3]. Clinical features of COVID-19 are different from asymptomatic to mild to moderate symptoms, such as fever, headache, myalgia, sore throat, anosmia, cough, fatigue headache, hemoptysis, and dyspnea to the life-threatening complications, including shock, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, myocarditis, myocardial infarction, acute kidney injury, multi-organ failure, and even death [1, 2].

scholarly journals Is hydroxychloroquine beneficial for COVID-19 patients?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Li ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Patrizia Agostinis ◽  
Arnold Rabson ◽  
Gerry Melino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Effective Drugs

Abstract The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in December 2019. As similar cases rapidly emerged around the world1–3, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020 and pronounced the rapidly spreading coronavirus outbreak as a pandemic on March 11, 20204. The virus has reached almost all countries of the globe. As of June 3, 2020, the accumulated confirmed cases reached 6,479,405 with more than 383,013 deaths worldwide. The urgent and emergency care of COVID-19 patients calls for effective drugs, in addition to the beneficial effects of remdesivir5, to control the disease and halt the pandemic.

Participation in the World Health Organization

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Solomon ◽  
Claudia Nannini
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

Participation in the World Health Organization (WHO) is a multifaceted matter and should be understood as not only referring to the governance of WHO, but also to its scientific and technical work as well as its collaborative efforts towards advancing global public health more generally. The article is concerned, in particular, with the legal and political framework surrounding attendance and participation of states and various entities in the governing bodies of the Organization, at the global and regional level. It shows that participation in the governance of WHO is still today a domain reserved to the determination of its Member States. At the same time, solutions have been found and continued efforts are necessary to take into account geopolitical considerations and to ensure a meaningful and inclusive participation of all relevant actors in global health discussions.

scholarly journals Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): Epidemiology and Vaccinology in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Ridwan Olamilekan Adesola ◽  
Oluwatobi Emmanuel Oladele ◽  
Ahmed Oluwasegun Tajudeen ◽  
Ogundepo Oluwatobi Moses ◽  
Murali Dinesh
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
World Health ◽  
Great Level ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), confirmed as the global pandemic on March 11, 2020, by the World Health Organization (WHO), was caused by the outbreak of an emergent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was first reported in Wuhan city, China, in December 2019. Based on the previous pandemic, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) from 2002 to 2003, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012. The scientific developments have fast-tracked our insights SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology, likewise vaccinology relevant for developing drugs for viral infections treatment. As there are not many detailed interventions and vaccines available for disease control, the pandemic COVID-19 poses countless threats to global public health, causing a great level of insecurity and unrest worldwide. To provide an inclusive overview to global health authorities and prospective readers worldwide, we detailed in this review the epidemiology and vaccinology of SARS-CoV-2 in Nigeria.

scholarly journals The Pandemic Hits Us Hard, but We Don’t Lose Hope

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Krisna Yuarno Phatama ◽  
Sholahuddin Rhatomy, MD ◽  
Asep Santoso ◽  
Nicolaas C. Budhiparama
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Health Organization

At the end of 2019, we faced a new variant of the coronavirus that can cause pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome-like symptoms. It started in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and spread quickly to the whole world.This new virus is called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and can manifest as a disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). On March 13th, 2020 World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic, and the story of frightening pandemic begin.

scholarly journals Global Public Health Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior for People Living With Chronic Conditions: A Call to Action

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paddy C. Dempsey ◽  
Christine M. Friedenreich ◽  
Michael F. Leitzmann ◽  
Matthew P. Buman ◽  
Estelle Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Background: In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) released global guidelines on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior, for the first time providing population-based recommendations for people living with selected chronic conditions. This article briefly presents the guidelines, related processes and evidence, and, importantly, considers how they may be used to support research, practice, and policy. Methods: A brief overview of the scope, agreed methods, selected chronic conditions (adults living with cancer, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and human immunodeficiency virus), and appraisal of systematic review evidence on PA/sedentary behavior is provided. Methods were consistent with World Health Organization protocols for developing guidelines. Results: Moderate to high certainty evidence (varying by chronic condition and outcome examined) supported that PA can reduce the risk of disease progression or premature mortality and improve physical function and quality of life in adults living with chronic conditions. Direct evidence on sedentary behavior was lacking; however, evidence extrapolated from adult populations was considered applicable, safe, and likely beneficial (low certainty due to indirectness). Conclusions: Clinical and public health professionals and policy makers should promote the World Health Organization 2020 global guidelines and develop and implement services and programs to increase PA and limit sedentary behavior in adults living with chronic conditions.

Pathophysiological Basis of COVID-19

2022 ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Moulay Abdelmonaim El Hidan ◽  
Mohamed Rhazi ◽  
Mohamed Merzouki ◽  
Mustapha Agnaou ◽  
Moulay Abdeljalil Ait Baamrane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Older People ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
World Health ◽  
Respiratory Dysfunction ◽  
Renal Functions ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a worldwide pandemic caused by a newly discovered coronavirus responsible for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-Cov2). The virus appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and spread throughout the world, causing several mortality cases particularly in older people and those with chronic diseases. A body of evidence suggests a multi-target of SARS-Cov2, which may act beyond the respiratory system being responsible for other pathological complications, including the gastrointestinal tract, nervous, and the renal functions. The chapter will provide a literature review of the recent data on COVID-19 physiopathology involving in addition to the respiratory dysfunction all the potential physiological functions which could be independently and directly impaired by the SARS-Cov2.

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