Radiation Proctitis: The Potential Role of Hyaluronic Acid in the Prevention and Restoration of Any Damage to the Rectal Mucosa among Prostate Cancer Patients Submitted to Curative External Beam Radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-455
Author(s):  
Gianluca Ferini ◽  
Antonella Tripoli ◽  
Vincenza Umina ◽  
Giuseppina Rita Borzì ◽  
Valentina Anna Marchese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Radiation Proctitis ◽  
Dose Fractionation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Median Dose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Aim: To evaluate if hyaluronic acid reduces proctitis episodes with respect to corticosteroids in prostate cancer patients submitted to radical or adjuvant radiotherapy. Methods: A consecutive series of eligible patients received hyaluronic acid enemas as supportive care (experimental group, from January 2013 to June 2015). A historical group (control group), treated from October 2011 to December 2012, received beclomethasone dipropionate suppositories. We registered each patient’s data regarding acute and chronic proctitis. All patients were treated with static-intensity-modulated radiotherapy coupled to a daily set-up verification with orthogonal anterior–posterior/lateral X-ray pairs. Results: A total of 269 patients, 175 in the experimental group and 94 in the control group, was evaluated; 2 Gy/day (up to a total median dose of 80 Gy) and 2.7 Gy/day (up to a total median dose of 67.5 Gy) fractionation schemes were used for 216 and 53 patients, respectively. All patients had a good tolerance to radiotherapy, reporting no G3 or greater proctitis. No significant difference was reported concerning the total rate of proctitis between the two groups but only with respect to its grade: a higher G2 rate within the control group. There was no correlation between daily dose fractionation and toxicity grade. Conclusions: Hyaluronic acid enemas might be effective in reducing the severity of radiation proctitis.

scholarly journals Intelligent Optimization of Treatment of Acupuncture based on Modern Data Analysis (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiujun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Acupuncture Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Postoperative Treatment ◽  
Major Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

BACKGROUND Background: Postoperative Fatigue Syndrome (POFS) occurs in almost every patient who has undergone major surgery. With the ever-increasing attention of people on rehabilitation treatment, POFS has received unprecedented attention. OBJECTIVE Objective: Based on modern data analysis, acupuncture treatment is optimized intelligently, and its efficacy in breast cancer patients with POFS is explored. METHODS Methods: In this study, the acupuncture and moxibustion in traditional Chinese medicine were combined to optimize the formation of warm acupuncture therapy, and then the research on warm acupuncture was optimized using modern data analysis methods. At first, the statistics of personal information and operation of 60 patients with breast cancer was carried out. The statistical results were analyzed by rank sum test and independent sample T test. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Brief Profile Of Mood State (BPOMS), and Identity-Consequence Fatigue Scale (ICFS) were utilized to analyze the fatigue degree, mental state, and fatigue state of the patients. RESULTS Results: There was no significant difference in age (U = 473.34, P = 0.583) and education level (U = 479.20, P = 0.613) between the experimental group and the control group (P > 0.05), which were comparable. Compared with the control group, the VAS values of the experimental group on the 3rd day (P = 043), 7th day (P = 0.039), and 14th day (P = 0.030) of postoperative treatment were significantly reduced, with significant differences (P < 0.05). In the experimental group, the BPOMS values on the 3rd day (P = 0.042), 7th day (P = 0.035), and 14th day (P = 0.031) of postoperative treatment were significantly reduced, with significant differences (P < 0.05). The ICFS values of the experimental group on the 3rd day (P = 046), 7th day (P = 0.037), and 14th day (P = 0.031) of postoperative treatment were significantly reduced, with significant differences (P < 0.05). The variance of transferrin levels was uniform on the 7th day after operation (F = 0.679, P = 0.433 > 0.005), with a significant difference (T = -2.985, P = 0.008 < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Conclusions: Warm acupuncture therapy could effectively improve the POFS of breast cancer patients, which was a safe and effective treatment. CLINICALTRIAL

scholarly journals Effectiveness of yoga on anxiety, depression and stress level of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Kamli Prakash ◽  
Sunil Saini
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Breast cancer has ranked number one cancer among Indian females. Women undergoing chemotherapy experience many side effects including alteration in their body image. The present study assessed effectiveness of yoga on anxiety, depression and stress level of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.Methods: Quantitative Research approach and Randomized Clinical Controlled Trial with Time series design was adopted in the present study. The consecutive sampling technique was done to recruit 100 breast cancer patients fulfilling the eligibility criteria. Recruited patients were randomized to control (N=52) and experiment (N=48) groups by concealed randomization. Written informed consent was taken from each participant. Baseline data was collected during cycle one by using Anxiety depression and stress scale. The patients in the experimental group were taught Diaphragmatic breathing, systematic relaxation and alternate nostril breathing and Joints and Gland neck and shoulder exercises, and were instructed to practice them twice daily at home. They were supervised in practicing these when they received second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth cycles of chemotherapy. Participants in control group received routine care. Data was again collected after 21 days during second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth cycles of chemotherapy.Results: Analysis revealed that at the baseline breast cancer patients in control and experimental group were homogenous in terms of their Sociodemographic and anxiety depression and stress scores. After the yoga intervention the experimental group showed statistically significant difference in anxiety scores from control group during second, third and sixth cycles (p 0.01, p 0.02, p 0.02), in depression score during the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth cycles (p 0.02, p 0.02, p 0.02, p 0.001, p 0.000), and in stress scores during third cycle (p 0.01) of chemotherapy.Conclusions: On the basis of findings of the study it was concluded that yoga was effective in reducing the anxiety, depression and stress of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Therefore, it is recommended as complementary therapy for patients receiving treatment for cancer. 

Pharmacokinetics-based Dose Management of 5-Fluorouracil Clinical Research in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Rong Deng ◽  
Lin Shi ◽  
Wei Zhu ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
Xin Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dose Management ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Treatment

Objective: The study aimed to explore the efficacy of pharmacokinetic-based 5-fluorouracil dose management by plasma concentration test in advanced colorectal cancer treatment. Methods: 153 samples of advanced colorectal cancer patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to a control group and an experimental group. All patients received double-week chemotherapy with 5- fluorouracil (four weeks were used as one period), and chemotherapy duration ranged from 2 to 6 periods. In the first period, all patients were administered with the classic strategy of body surface area (BSA). Results: In the subsequent periods, the control group (77 samples) continued with BSA guided chemotherapy, while the experimental group (76 samples) received pharmacokinetic AUC-based chemotherapy. The efficacy and toxic side effects were assessed during chemotherapy, and survival was recorded in a follow-up. In the AUC experimental group, the rate of diarrhea significantly decreased (37.50% vs. 70.00%, P=0.010), and incidence of oral mucositis reduced (54.17% vs. 82.50%, P=0.014). Compared with the control group, the clinical benefit rate of experimental group was much higher (90.79% vs. 79.22%, P=0.046). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in other 5-fluorouracil related toxic side effect events (nausea, vomiting, hand-foot syndrome) and progression-free survival between the two groups. Pharmacokinetic- based dose management of 5-Fluorouracil reduces the toxicity of chemotherapy and improves long-term efficacy of chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer patients.

The Effect of Logotherapy on Death Anxity, Pain Catastrophizing, Pain Acceptance, and Pain Intensity in Patients With Prostate Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-225
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Haghdoost ◽  
◽  
Naser Saraj Khoami ◽  
Behnam Makvandi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pain Acceptance ◽  
Experimental Group

Background and Objectives: This study investigated the effectiveness of logotherapy on death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. Subjects and Methods : The research design was an experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. At first, 40 hospitalized men in a treatment center were selected by using the purposive sampling method. The experimental group was treated for eight 45-minute sessions by training logotherapy. All subjects completed the questionnaire at the beginning of the study, immediately after the intervention, and one month after the treatment (one-month follow-up). For data analysis, 1-way analysis of variance was used. Results The results indicated that logotherapy in the experimental group was more effective than the control group in reducing death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. The follow-up results also showed that the effect of logotherapy was sustained on death anxiety, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, and severity of pain in prostate cancer patients. Conclusion The results showed that Logotherapy has an effect on death anxiety, pain catastrophe, pain acceptance and pain intensity in patients with prostate cancer

scholarly journals Effects of adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction on osteochondral defects treated by hyaluronic acid-based scaffold: An experimental study

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-354
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alper Şahin ◽  
Erdem Değirmenci ◽  
Kutay Engin Özturan ◽  
Tülin Fırat ◽  
Aysel Kükner
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteochondral Defects ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Defect Area ◽  
Experimental Group

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effect of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) on osteochondral defects treated by hyaluronic acid (HA)-based scaffold in a rabbit model. Materials and methods: Eighteen white New Zealand rabbits were randomly grouped into the experimental group (n=9) and control group (n=9). In all groups, osteochondral defects were induced on the weight-bearing surfaces of the right femoral medial condyles, and a HA-based scaffold was applied to the defect area with microfractures (MFs). In this study, 1 mL of adipose-derived SVF was injected into the knee joints of the rabbits in the experimental group. For histological and macroscopic evaluation, four rabbits were randomly selected from each group at Week 4, and the remaining rabbits were sacrificed at the end of Week 8. Macroscopic assessments of all samples were performed based on the Brittberg scoring system, and microscopic evaluations were performed based on the O’Driscoll scores. Results: Samples were taken at Weeks 4 and 8. At Week 4, the O’Driscoll scores were significantly higher in the control group than the experimental group (p=0.038), while there was no significant difference in the Brittberg scores between the two groups (p=0.108). At Week 8, the O’Driscoll score and Brittberg scores were statistically higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p=0.008 and p=0.007, respectively). According to the microscopic evaluation, at the end of Week 8, the cartilage thickness was greater in the experimental group, and nearly all of the defect area was filled with hyaline cartilage. Conclusion: Application of adipose-derived SVF with MF-HA-based scaffold was better than MF-HA-based scaffold treatment in improving osteochondral regeneration. Therefore, it can be used in combination with microfracture and scaffold to accelerate cartilage regeneration, particularly in the treatment of secondary osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals Eficácia da técnica de relaxamento com imagem guiada em pacientes oncológicos submetidos a tratamento quimioterápico

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 25701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Adriana Facco Lufiego ◽  
Rodolfo Herberto Schneider ◽  
Ângelo José Gonçalves Bós
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Guided Imagery ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Relaxation Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Experimental Group

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of guided imagery relaxation in decreasing depression and anxiety levels in cancer patients submitted to chemotherapy.Methods: A nonrandomized clinical trial was performed in male and female patients aged 30 years or older submitted to chemotherapy at a university hospital in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. The patients were divided into an Experimental Group, which received the intervention (relaxation technique), and into a Control Group, which did not receive it. Twelve-minute guided imagery relaxation sessions were performed for 14 weeks, always during the chemotherapy procedure. In order to evaluate depression and anxiety levels, the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were applied at baseline and at the end of the study period. The data were analyzed by the EpiInfo7.0 statistical software using Student’s t, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, and Pearson’s chi-square tests. Statistical significance was obtained when p <0.05.Results: A total of 113 participants with a mean age of 51.3 years, among whom 62.8% were female and 72.6% were married, were included in the study. Breast, lung, and intestinal cancers were the most prevalent types of neoplasms. Fifty-seven patients were assigned to the Experimental Group and 56 to the Control Group. There was a decrease in depression and anxiety levels in the Experimental Group, in which depression scores ranged from 17.3±9.04 to 14.5±7.47 (p <0.0001) and anxiety scores ranged from 15.1±8.84 to 12.9±7.58 (p <0.0001). No significant difference was observed in the Control Group between the baseline and final evaluations.Conclusions: The guided imagery relaxation technique was efficacious in reducing depression and anxiety levels in this sample of chemotherapy-treated cancer patients.

scholarly journals Effect of Combining Traditional Chinese Medicine with Hormonal Therapy on Quality of Life and Tumor Markers of Prostate Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pengpeng Gai ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Min Liu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Androgen Independent

Objective. To explore the effect of combining traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with hormonal therapy on the quality of life and tumor markers of prostate cancer patients. Methods. A total of 60 prostate cancer patients treated in Zibo Central Hospital from June 2017 to June 2021 were selected for the retrospective analysis study and divided into the control group and experimental group based on whether applying TCM treatment, with 30 cases each. The patients in the experimental group received the combined treatment of TCM and hormonal therapy, and those in the control group only accepted the hormonal therapy, so as to analyze their clinical efficacy and tumor marker levels after treatment. Results. The patients’ general information were not statistically different ( P > 0.05 ); after treatment, the levels and ratios of total prostate-specific antigen (TPSA) and free prostate-specific antigen (FPSA) of patients in both groups were improved, and the experimental group obtained significantly lower TPSA and FPSA levels ( P < 0.05 ) and higher TPSA/FPSA ratios ( P < 0.05 ); the incidence of androgen-independent prostate cancer was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (8 vs. 16, P < 0.05 ); in addition, the time to develop into the androgen-independent prostate cancer was longer in patients of the experimental group than those of the control group ( P < 0.05 ); the treated patients in the experimental group obtained obviously higher Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P) quality of life scores and Karnofsky score (KPS) than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 ), and the number of patients with recovered PSA levels was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Combining self-made TCM formula with hormonal therapy can effectively improve the levels of prostate tumor markers and postpone the progress of developing from prostate cancer to androgen-independent prostate cancer, which is conducive to promoting the patients’ quality of life.

Is perioperative antibiotic necessary in straightforward implant placement procedures?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elçin Bedeloğlu ◽  
Mustafa Yalçın ◽  
Cenker Zeki Koyuncuoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Implant Failure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this non-random retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the impact of prophylactic antibiotic on early outcomes including postoperative pain, swelling, bleeding and cyanosis in patients undergoing dental implant placement before prosthetic loading. Seventy-five patients (45 males, 30 females) whose dental implant placement were completed, included to the study. Patients used prophylactic antibiotics were defined as the experimental group and those who did not, were defined as the control group. The experimental group received 2 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 1 h preoperatively and 1 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid twice a day for 5 days postoperatively while the control group had received no prophylactic antibiotic therapy perioperatively. Data on pain, swelling, bleeding, cyanosis, flap dehiscence, suppuration and implant failure were analyzed on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12. No statistically significant difference was detected between the two groups with regard to pain and swelling on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12 ( p &gt;0.05), while the severity of pain and swelling were greater on day 2 compared to day 7 and 14 and week 12 in both groups ( p =0.001 and p &lt;0.05, respectively). Similarly, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to postoperative bleeding and cyanosis. Although flap dehiscence was more severe on day 7 in the experimental group, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to the percentage of flap dehiscence assessed at other time points. Within limitations of the study, it has been demonstrated that antibiotic use has no effect on implant failure rates in dental implant surgery with a limited number of implants. We conclude that perioperative antibiotic use may not be required in straightforward implant placement procedures. Further randomized control clinical studies with higher numbers of patients and implants are needed to substantiate our findings.

The Effect of Using Students Peer Teaching on Iraqi EFL Students' Achievement in the Course of Library and Research Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 693-714
Author(s):  
. Muntaha Sabbar Jebur
Keyword(s):  
Basic Education ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Peer Teaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
College Of Basic Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Experimental Group

          Peer teaching is a strategy that allows the students to teach the new content to each other, and they must be accurately guided by instructors.     The researcher proposes that the use of students peer teaching  may promote students' achievement  and ensure the engagement of all the students in the learning process. Therefore, the researcher employs it as a teaching method aiming at investigating its  effect on Iraqi EFL students' achievement in the course of Library and Research Work .      The study hypothesizes that there is no significant difference between the students' achievement who are taught library and research work by students peer teaching  and that of the students taught by the traditional way. The experimental design of the study is Parallel Groups, Random Assignment, posttest. Each group consists of 35 students, chosen randomly from the Third Year Students at the Department of English in the College of Basic Education. Both groups were matched in terms of their age and parents' education. The experiment was fulfilled in the first course for 15 weeks during the academic year 2016-2017.       The same materials were presented to both groups. This included   units from Writing Research Paper by Lester D. . Post-test was constructed and exposed  The t-test for  independent samples was used to analyze the results and it is found out that there is a statistical difference between the two groups in their achievement because the calculated t- value 2.635 is bigger than the tabulated t- value which is 2.000, and also shown the superiority of the experimental group. The results indicate that the experimental group, who was taught Library and Research Work by peer teaching   was better than the control group, who was taught according to the traditional way. So, the null hypothesis is rejected. Finally, some recommendations and suggestions are presented in the light of the study findings. to a jury of experts to verify its validity and it was administered to both groups.

Optimization of postoperative management of patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Sergey Bezshapochny ◽  
Andrey Loburets ◽  
Valery Loburets
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Traditional Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Experimental Group

Topicality: The result of surgical treatment depends largely on the chosen method of management of the postoperative period, the main purpose of which is to reduce the effects of surgical trauma. Despite the wide variety of drugs for local and systemic use, the question of pharmacotherapy of the operated sinus remains open to this day. The main properties that a modern drug should possess are safety and high clinical efficacy. Aim: to study the clinical efficacy of topical application of a complex preparation based on a saline solution containing sodium hyaluronate and dexpanthenol in patients with chronic sinusitis after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Materials and Methods: Clinical and laboratory studies were conducted on 47 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who underwent surgery using the FESS technique. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the principle of the postoperative period. Patients of research group (n=21), except for traditional therapy, was used locally NASOMER (a preparation based on a water-salt solution containing sodium hyaluronate and dexpanthenol); to the control group (n=26) patients entered, in the postoperative period received traditional therapy. Traditional therapy included a toilet of the nasal cavity, the use of short-course topical decongestants, irrigation of the nasal cavity with water-salt solutions. Criteria of clinical effectiveness: data of endoscopy of the nasal cavity, rhinomanometry, activity of the mucociliary transport system. The effectiveness of functional research methods in the postoperative period was determined on the 7th and 14th day of treatment. Results: On the 3rd day of the study, an increase in the swelling of the nasal cavity was observed in patients of both clinical groups, correlated with difficulty in nasal breathing. On the 7th day, a decrease in edema was observed in patients of both groups, but in the experimental group, the index of nasal breathing, according to rhinomanometry, was significantly (p<0.05) different from the control group, and was respectively 1.54±0.14 and 2.04±0.19 kPa/l*s. On the 14th day of the study, no significant difference was observed between these indicators. When studying the activity of the ciliated epithelium of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, it was proved that patients of the experimental group on day 7 after surgery showed a statistically significant difference in this indicator compared to the control group (17.8±1.0 and 22.7±2.1 min. respectively). Conclusions: The use of NASOMER after surgical intervention in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis contributes to more effective treatment compared with traditional therapy, as evidenced by the rapid recovery of the main functional parameters according to active posterior rhinomanometry and mucociliary clearance. Based on the results of the studies performed, the use of NASOMER for pharmacotherapy in the postoperative period is recommended for patients who have undergone rhinosurgical interventions with the aim of reducing the period of postoperative rehabilitation as an effective anti-inflammatory and wound-healing agent.

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