scholarly journals Insights through Genetics of Halophilic Microorganisms and Their Viruses

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Rafael Montalvo-Rodríguez ◽  
Julie A. Maupin-Furlow
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Gene Expression And Regulation ◽  
Halophilic Microorganisms ◽  
High Salt Content ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Advance Knowledge

Halophilic microorganisms are found in all domains of life and thrive in hypersaline (high salt content) environments. These unusual microbes have been a subject of study for many years due to their interesting properties and physiology. Study of the genetics of halophilic microorganisms (from gene expression and regulation to genomics) has provided understanding into mechanisms of how life can occur at high salinity levels. Here we highlight recent studies that advance knowledge of biological function through study of the genetics of halophilic microorganisms and their viruses.

The Effect of High Salinity Water to the Compressive Strength of Mine Backfill Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 554-558
Author(s):  
Vu Hai Dang ◽  
Manoon Masniyom
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Mine Backfill ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
High Salt Content ◽  
Salinity Water

The effect of the high salinity water on the compressive strength of mine backfill was studied. Two types of salinity water: saturated and unsaturated brines were employed to mix with mine backfill materials, and the results were compared. The one with saturated brine had high salt content of 400 g/l while the other had 200 g/l. The results showed that compressive strength decreased with increasing salt content. The mine backfill with high salt content (saturated brine) exhibited the poorest compressive strength in which its strength decreased to approximately 50-70 % of the original strength gained from the backfill samples based on water without salt. Additionally, the optimal saline water solid ratio was 0.2.

scholarly journals Survival of Pseudomonas extremorientalis TSAU20 and P. chlororaphis TSAU13 in the rhizosphere of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) under saline conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 122-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Egamberdieva
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Saline Condition ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Salinity Levels

The abilities of Pseudomonas extremorientalis TSAU20 and P. chlororaphis TSAU13 to colonise and survive in the rhizosphere of common bean under saline conditions were studied. Four salinity levels (5.0, 7.5, 10.0, and 12.5 dS/m) were maintained in the gnotobiotic system using NaCl salt. Results showed that with increasing salt content root-tip colonization of both bacterial strains was reduced. Both bacterial treatments used in the study increased root and/or shoot length compared to non-treated plants at each NaCl concentration tested, whereas shoot growth was not stimulated at high saline condition (12.5 dS/m). In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that P. extremorientalis TSAU20 and P. chlororaphis TSAU 13 have the ability to survive in ecologically stressed conditions, such as saline and nitrogen deficient soils, and may positively effect on plant growth of bean. High salinity inhibited their colonisation in the rhizosphere of bean and thus their stimulatory effect on plants was also reduced.

scholarly journals CpxR/OmpR Interplay Regulates Curli Gene Expression in Response to Osmolarity in Escherichia coli

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (6) ◽  
pp. 2038-2049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Jubelin ◽  
Anne Vianney ◽  
Christophe Beloin ◽  
Jean-Marc Ghigo ◽  
Jean-Claude Lazzaroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Band Shift ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
Medium Osmolarity ◽  
High Salt Content ◽  
High Sucrose

ABSTRACT Curli fibers could be described as a virulence factor able to confer adherence properties to both abiotic and eukaryotic surfaces. The ability to adapt rapidly to changing environmental conditions through signal transduction pathways is crucial for the growth and pathogenicity of bacteria. OmpR was shown to activate csgD expression, resulting in curli production. The CpxR regulator was shown to negatively affect curli gene expression when binding to its recognition site that overlaps the csgD OmpR-binding site. This study was undertaken to clarify how the interplay between the two regulatory proteins, OmpR and CpxR, can affect the transcription of the curli gene in response to variation of the medium osmolarity. Band-shift assays with purified CpxR proteins indicate that CpxR binds to the csgD promoter region at multiple sites that are ideally positioned to explain the csg repression activity of CpxR. To understand the physiological meaning of this in vitro molecular phenomenon, we analyzed the effects of an osmolarity shift on the two-component pathway CpxA/CpxR. We establish here that the Cpx pathway is activated at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels in response to a high osmolarity medium and that CpxR represses csgD expression in high-salt-content medium, resulting in low curli production. However, csgD repression in response to high sucrose content is not mediated by CpxR but by the global regulatory protein H-NS. Therefore, multiple systems (EnvZ/OmpR, Cpx, Rcs, and H-NS) appear to be involved in sensing environmental osmolarity, leading to sophisticated regulation of the curli genes.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Differentially Expressed mRNA Related to Pigeon Muscle Development

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2311
Author(s):  
Hao Ding ◽  
Yueyue Lin ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Lan Chen ◽  
Genxi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Gene Expression And Regulation

The mechanisms behind the gene expression and regulation that modulate the development and growth of pigeon skeletal muscle remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed gene expression analysis on skeletal muscle samples at different developmental and growth stages using RNA sequencing (RNA−Seq). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using edgeR software. Weighted gene co−expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify the gene modules related to the growth and development of pigeon skeletal muscle based on DEGs. A total of 11,311 DEGs were identified. WGCNA aggregated 11,311 DEGs into 12 modules. Black and brown modules were significantly correlated with the 1st and 10th day of skeletal muscle growth, while turquoise and cyan modules were significantly correlated with the 8th and 13th days of skeletal muscle embryonic development. Four mRNA−mRNA regulatory networks corresponding to the four significant modules were constructed and visualised using Cytoscape software. Twenty candidate mRNAs were identified based on their connectivity degrees in the networks, including Abca8b, TCONS−00004461, VWF, OGDH, TGIF1, DKK3, Gfpt1 and RFC5, etc. A KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that many pathways were related to the growth and development of pigeon skeletal muscle, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, FAK, and thyroid hormone pathways. Five differentially expressed genes (LAST2, MYPN, DKK3, B4GALT6 and OGDH) in the network were selected, and their expression patterns were quantified by qRT−PCR. The results were consistent with our sequencing results. These findings could enhance our understanding of the gene expression and regulation in the development and growth of pigeon muscle.

Effect of Sodium Nitrite on Growth of Shigella flexneri

1991 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 424-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA L. ZAIKA ◽  
ANNA H. KIM ◽  
LOUISE FORD
Keyword(s):  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Generation Times ◽  
High Salt Content ◽  
Lag Times

A partial factorial design study of the effect of NaNO2 (0, 100, 200, 1000 ppm) in combination with NaCl (0.5, 2.5, 4.0%), pH (7.5, 6.5, 5.5), and temperature (37, 28, 19°C) on growth of Shigella flexneri is reported. Experiments were done aerobically in brain-heart infusion medium, using an inoculum of 1 × 103 CFU/ml. Growth curves were fitted from plate count data by the Gompertz equation; exponential growth rates, lag times, generation times, and maximum populations were derived for all variable combinations. In the absence of nitrite, the organism grew well under all test conditions at 37 and 28°C but did not grow at 19°C at pH 5.5 nor at pH 7.5 with 4% NaCl. Nitrite did not affect growth in media of pH 7.5 at 37 and 28°C. At pH 6.5 growth was inhibited by 1000 ppm NaNO2. The organism failed to grow at 19°C at all nitrite levels in the presence of 2.5 or 4.0% NaCl. The inhibitory effect of nitrite was much greater in media of pH 5.5 and increased with increasing salt levels. More inhibition was apparent at 28 than at 37°C. While lack of growth was used as a paradigm of the effect of nitrite on S. flexneri, nitrite also increased the lag and generation times and decreased the exponential growth rate. Results indicated that NaNO2 in combinations with low temperature, low pH, and high salt content can effectively inhibit the growth of S. flexneri.

scholarly journals Aquaporin gene expression and regulation in the ovine fetal lung

2003 ◽  
Vol 551 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Liu ◽  
S. B. Hooper ◽  
A. Armugam ◽  
N. Dawson ◽  
T. Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Gene Expression And Regulation ◽  
Aquaporin Gene ◽  
Ovine Fetal

scholarly journals Gene expression and regulation in H2O2-induced premature senescence of human foreskin fibroblasts expressing or not telomerase

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1379-1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Pedro de Magalhães ◽  
Florence Chainiaux ◽  
Françoise de Longueville ◽  
Véronique Mainfroid ◽  
Valérie Migeot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Premature Senescence ◽  
Gene Expression And Regulation ◽  
Human Foreskin Fibroblasts

Resource-saving Technologies and Some Proposals for the Creation of Automated Reclamation Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Z.G. Lamerdonov ◽  
T.Yu. Khashirova ◽  
S.A. Zhaboev ◽  
L.Zh. Nastueva ◽  
A.А. Shogenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Water Savings ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
High Salt Content ◽  
Reclamation System

The results of experimental studies of the local subsurface irrigation method in comparison with drip irrigation carried out in the laboratory, which showed water savings due to a decrease in evaporation from the soil surface by 10–15 percent are presented. The method of irrigation in closed greenhouse farms using water with a high salt content is described. The paper proposes new patented schematic solutions for protecting plants from frost and pests, describes a multifunctional engineering and reclamation system capable of performing various operations depending on the emerging problems during the growing season.

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