scholarly journals Characterization of Breed Specific Differences in Spermatozoal Transcriptomes of Sheep in Australia

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Marnie J. Hodge ◽  
Sara de las Heras-Saldana ◽  
Sally J. Rindfleish ◽  
Cyril P. Stephen ◽  
Sameer D. Pant
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Offspring Production ◽  
Australian Sheep ◽  
Downstream Analysis

Reduced reproductive efficiency results in economic losses to the Australian sheep industry. Reproductive success, particularly after artificial insemination, is dependent on a number of contributing factors on both ewe and ram sides. Despite considerable emphasis placed on characterising ewe side contributions, little emphasis has been placed on characterising ram side contributions to conception success. Over 14,000 transcripts are in spermatozoa of other species, which are transferred to the ova on fertilisation. These transcripts conceivably influence early embryonic development and whether conception is successful. Semen was collected (n = 45) across three breeds; Merino, Dohne, and Poll Dorset. Following collection, each ejaculate was split in two; an aliquot was assessed utilising Computer Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA) and the remaining was utilised for RNA extraction and subsequent next-generation sequencing. Overall, 754 differentially expressed genes were identified in breed contrasts and contrast between ejaculates of different quality. Downstream analysis indicated that these genes could play significant roles in a broad range of physiological functions, including maintenance of spermatogenesis, fertilisation, conception, embryonic development, and offspring production performance. Overall results provide evidence that the spermatozoal transcriptome could be a crucial contributing factor in improving reproductive performance as well as in the overall productivity and profitability of sheep industries.

Влияние биологической полноценности спермы быков-производителей канадской селекции на репродуктивные показатели коров отдельного стада

2017 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Александр Александрович Некрасов ◽  
Николай Александрович Попов ◽  
Байлар Садраддинович Иолчиев
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Computer Assisted

Исследовано влияние качества спермы быков-производителей на репродуктивные показатели стада. Материалом для исследования послужила замороженно-оттаянная сперма быков-производителей канадской селекции (n = 6), которую использовали для осеменения коров и телок на ферме «Дубровицы» ФГУП «Кленово-Чегодаево». Концентрацию и подвижность сперматозоидов оценивали с помощью компьютерной технологии Computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). Состояние хроматина в сперматозоидах изучали методом акридин-оранжевого теста с флуоресцентной микроскопией. Морфологию и целостность акросом оценивали с использованием Дифф-Квик окраски. Всего на ферме «Дубровицы» плодотворно были осеменены 161 корова и 29 телок, от них получены 180 телят, из них 97 бычков и 83 телки. Установлено, что одним из биотических факторов, влияющих на репродуктивные показатели, является состояние ДНК в хроматине. От степени фрагментации ДНК в хроматине сперматозоидов зависит их оплодотворяющая способность и другие показатели фертильности быков-производителей. Уровень воспроизведения обусловлен репродуктивным потенциалом как коров, так и быков-производителей. Для комплексной оценки качества спермы быков-производителей необходимо использовать компьютерные технологии с привлечением максимального числа показателей, в том числе наследственного материала, содержащегося в сперматозоидах. Целесообразно при оценке быков-производителей вести учет благополучия отелов, выбытия коров после патологических отелов, абортов, мертворождаемости. Благополучие отелов способствует увеличению сроков последующего производственного использования коров, осемененных спермой быков-производителей, характеризующихся легкими отелами. Для достоверной оценки биологической полноценности спермы необходимо использовать дополнительный показатель, а именно степень фрагментации ДНК в хроматине. У быков-производителей с высокой степенью фрагментации ДНК получены низкие результаты оплодотворяемости.

Effect of separate and combined exposure of selenium and diazinon on rat sperm motility by computer assisted semen analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 144-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Toman ◽  
Svatoslav Hluchy ◽  
Michal Cabaj ◽  
Peter Massanyi ◽  
Shubhadeep Roychoudhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Combined Exposure

Cysteamine supplementation revealed detrimental effect on cryosurvival of buffalo sperm based on computer-assisted semen analysis and oxidative parameters

2017 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheer Singh Swami ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
R.K. Malik ◽  
Monika Saini ◽  
Dharmendra Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Computer Assisted

scholarly journals PSVIII-8 Effect of Lactobacillus Casei Zhang on E. coli induced injury of blood and milk barrier in dairy cow

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 259-259
Author(s):  
Yuhui Zheng ◽  
Shengli Li
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei Zhang

Abstract Bovine mastitis is one of the major diseases which directly affects the milk production performance and it causes huge economic losses in the dairy industry. Bacterial infection is the main risk factor of bovine mastitis and the antibiotic therapy is the primary choice to control the disease. However, persistence use of antibiotic increases the incidence of bacterial resistance and traces of antibiotic residues in animal products. Lactobacillus casei Zhang is one of the probiotics with multiple biological functions, which has certain bacteriostatic effect on pathogenic microorganism. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Lactobacillus casei Zhang (L. casei Zhang) on the prevention of E. coli-induced milk-blood barrier damage. Bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were used to establish a milk-blood model and Control group (PBS), E. coli group, and L. casei Zhang pretreatment plus E. coli group were set up respectively. The results showed that: L. casei Zhang could significantly reduce the increase of LDH release caused by E. coli treatment (P< 0.05). And it can also significantly reduce the decrease of transmembrane resistance of monolayer cells caused by E. coli treatment (P< 0.05). In addition, L. casei Zhang could significantly reduce the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1, Claudin-1, Claudin-4 and Occludin (P < 0.05). In conclusion, L. casei Zhang could effectively improve the damage of the blood-milk barrier caused by E. coli and could protect BMECs during bacterial infection.

scholarly journals Otitis and meningoencephalitis associated with infectious coryza (Avibacterium paragallinarum) in commercial broiler chickens

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 784-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Crispo ◽  
C. Gabriel Sentíes-Cué ◽  
George L. Cooper ◽  
Grace Mountainspring ◽  
Charles Corsiglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Laboratory System ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Infectious Coryza ◽  
Avibacterium Paragallinarum ◽  
Commercial Broiler

Infectious coryza, caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum, is an acute respiratory disease of poultry that can result in substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic losses. In March 2017, the Turlock branch of the California Animal Health and Food Safety laboratory system encountered an unusual clinical and pathologic presentation of infectious coryza in 6 live, 29-d-old, commercial broiler chickens that were submitted for diagnostic investigation. Antemortem evaluation revealed severe neurologic signs, including disorientation, torticollis, and opisthotonos. Swollen head–like syndrome and sinusitis were also present. Histologically, severe sinusitis, cranial osteomyelitis, otitis media and interna, and meningoencephalitis were noted, explaining the clinical signs described. A. paragallinarum was readily isolated from the upper and lower respiratory tract, brain, and cranial bones. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was also detected by PCR, and IBV was isolated in embryonated chicken eggs. Based on sequencing analysis, the IBV appeared 99% homologous to strain CA1737. A synergistic effect between A. paragallinarum and IBV, resulting in exacerbation of clinical signs and increased mortality, may have occurred in this case. A. paragallinarum should be considered among the possible causes of neurologic signs in chickens. Appropriate media should be used for bacterial isolation, and the role of additional contributing factors and/or complicating agents should be investigated in cases of infectious coryza.

scholarly journals LATE BLIGHT SEGMENTATION IN TOMATOES USING SPATIAL DOMAIN METHODS AND COLOUR ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
I. Galvan- Torres ◽  
A.S. CortésGonzález ◽  
C.N. López- Mejía ◽  
B. Luna- Benoso ◽  
J.C. MartínezPerales
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Computer Systems ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Color Analysis ◽  
Hsv Color Model ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Assisted Diagnosis

Agricultural productivity is an important factor in a country's economic development. Therefore, the diagnosis of plant diseases is a field of research of great importance for the agricultural sector since it allows us to help recommend strategies to prevent the spread of diseases, thus reducing economic losses. Currently, with the rise of computer systems, computer systems have been developed that allow computer assisted diagnosis in different fields of research, including the agricultural sector. Since late blight is one of the main diseases due to its high incidence and severity, this paper proposes a methodology to obtain late blight segmentation in tomato leaf images through image analysis and color analysis using the HSV color model. The proposed methodology was applied to a set of publicly available PlantVillage images, to which late blight segmentation was obtained.

scholarly journals iTRAQ-Based Sperm Proteomic Analyses Reveals Candidate Proteins Affecting the Quality of Spermatozoa From Boar on Plateaus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanling Zhao ◽  
Yaomei Wang ◽  
Feipeng Guo ◽  
Bo Lu ◽  
Jiale Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Estrogen Signaling ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Relative Expression

Abstract Background: Tibetan pigs (TP) exhibit heritable adaptations to their hypoxic environments as a result of natural selection. Whereas, what candidate proteins affecting the sperm quality of boar on plateaus has not been clearly investigated yet. Methods: In this study, to reveal the candidate proteins affecting the quality of spermatozoa from boar on plateaus, we analyzed the sperm quality by Computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) system and Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, compared the sperm proteomes between TP and Yorkshire pigs (YP) raised at high altitudes using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) in combination with the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomic method, and confirmed the relative expression levels of the four proteins by western blot. Results: The sperm quality of the TP was superior to that of the YP on plateaus. Of 1,555 quantified proteins, 318 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the DEPs were predominantly associated with the sorbitol metabolic process, removal of superoxide radicals, cellular response to superoxide, response to superoxide and regulation of the mitotic spindle assembly. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were mainly enriched in pathways involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, glutathione metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and estrogen signaling. And based on the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, we identified 8 candidate proteins (FN1, EGF, HSP90B1, CFL1, GPX4, NDUFA6, VDAC2, and CP) that might play important roles that affect the sperm quality of boar on plateaus. Moreover, the relative expression levels of the proteins (CFL1, EGF, FN1, and GPX4) were confirmed by western blot. Conclusions: Our results reveal 8 candidate proteins (FN1, EGF, HSP90B1, CFL1, GPX4, NDUFA6, VDAC2, and CP) affecting the sperm quality of boar on plateaus, providing a reference for studies on improving sperm quality and the molecular breeding of boar on plateaus.

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