A Systematic Review Examining Associations between Cardiovascular Conditions and Driving Outcomes among Older Drivers

There is a vast literature on stroke as a cardiovascular disease and driving outcomes, however little is known about other cardiovascular conditions and driving. The purpose of this review is to examine the literature for studies assessing the effect of non-stroke, vascular conditions on daily driving, reported crash risk and driving decline in older adult drivers as captured by naturalistic methodologies. A systematic review of Embase, Ovid and Scopus Plus examined articles on driving and vascular conditions among older adults. A search yielded 443 articles and, following two screenings, no articles remained that focused on non-stroke, vascular conditions and naturalistic driving. As a result, this review examined non-stroke, vascular conditions in nine driving studies of older adults that used road testing, driving simulators and self-report measures. These studies fell into three categories—heart failure, vascular dementia and white matter hyperintensities/leukoaraiosis. The combined findings of the studies suggest that heart failure, vascular dementia and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) negatively impact driving performance and contribute to driving cessation among older adults. Future research should examine cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, myocardial infraction or atherosclerosis using naturalistic driving measurement, as well as traditional measures, in order to more fully characterize how these conditions impact older adult driving.

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Cerebral Perfusion is Associated With White Matter Hyperintensities in Older Adults With Heart Failure

Congestive Heart Failure ◽

10.1111/chf.12025 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. E29-E34 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Michael L. Alosco ◽

Adam M. Brickman ◽

Mary Beth Spitznagel ◽

Sarah L. Garcia ◽

Atul Narkhede ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Older Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

Cerebral Perfusion ◽

White Matter Hyperintensities

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of White matter hyperintensities predict functional decline in voiding, mobility, and cognition in older adults.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.717955929.793460850 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Stasa Tadic

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

White Matter Hyperintensities ◽

Functional Decline

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The prevalence of obesity in older adults in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-019-1396-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aliakbar Vaisi-Raygani ◽

Masoud Mohammadi ◽

Rostam Jalali ◽

Akram Ghobadi ◽

Nader Salari

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Older Adult ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

The Body ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Analysis Software ◽

Obesity And Overweight ◽

Age Dependent ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity

Abstract Background one of the most important age-dependent physiologic alterations in the body composition of older adult people is obesity and overweight, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality rate. Objective The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of obesity in older adults in Iran. Methods The present study was conducted via meta-analysis and systematic review method, from March 2000 to October 2018. Subject-related literature was obtained via searches in ScienceDirect, Medline (PubMed), SID, Magiran, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Heterogeneity of studies was assessed using the I2 index, and data were analyzed by Comprehensive-Meta analysis software. Results In the assessment of 18 studies and 29,943 persons aged over 50 years, the prevalence of obesity in older adults of Iran was 21.4% (95%CI: 26.6–16.9%) based on the meta-analysis. The highest obesity prevalence was obtained in older adults of Babol (Amir Shahr) which was 44.2% (95%CI: 41.1–47.2%) in 2007, while the minimum obesity prevalence was found in older adults of Razavi Khorasan which was 11.3% (95%CI, 10–12.8%) in 2007. Further, as the sample size and the study year increased, the obesity prevalence diminished in older Iranian adults (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study suggests that the prevalence of obesity in the older adults of Iran is high. Accordingly, healthcare planners and politicians should consider effective and practical policies to reduce obesity in older adults.

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Brain Resilience: The Effect of White Matter Disease on Brain Networks in Cognitively Normal Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3372 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 918-918

Author(s):

Blake Neyland ◽

Christina Hugenschmidt ◽

Samuel Lockhart ◽

Laura Baker ◽

Suzanne Craft ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

White Matter Hyperintensities ◽

Brain Networks ◽

Network Connectivity ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Functional Brain ◽

Mobility Function ◽

Functional Brain Networks ◽

Brain Resilience

Abstract Brain pathologies are increasingly understood to confer mobility risk, but the malleability of functional brain networks may be a mechanism for mobility reserve. In particular, white matter hyperintensities (WMH) are strongly associated with mobility and alter functional network connectivity. To assess the potential role of brain networks as a mechanism of mobility reserve, 116 participants with MRI from the Brain Networks and Mobility Function (B-NET) were categorized into 4 groups based on median splits of SPPB scores and WMH burden: Expected Healthy (EH: low WMH, SPPB>10, N=45), Expected Impaired (EI: high WMH, SPPB10, N=24), Unexpected Impaired (EI: low WMH, SPPB<10, N=10) and Unexpected Unhealthy (UH: low WMH, SPPB<10, N=37). Functional brain networks were calculated using graph theory methods and white matter hyperintensities were quantified with the Lesion Segmentation Toolbox (LST) in SPM12. Somatomotor cortex community structure (SMC-CS) was similar between UH and EH with both having higher consistency than EI and UI. However, UH displayed a unique increase in second-order connections between the motor cortex and the anterior cingulate. It is possible that this increase in connections is a signal of higher reserve or resilience in UH participants and may indicate a mechanism of compensation in regards to mobility function and advanced WMH burden. These data suggest functional brain networks may be a mechanism for mobility resilience in older adults at mobility risk due to WMH burden.

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Sex Differences in the Association between Atrial Fibrillation and 90-Day Adverse Outcomes among Older Adults with Heart Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18052237 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 2237

Author(s):

Youn-Jung Son ◽

Da-Young Kim ◽

Mi Hwa Won

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Older Adult ◽

Hospital Readmission ◽

Older Patients ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Prognostic Impact ◽

Male And Female

Sex differences in the prognostic impact of coexisting atrial fibrillation (AF) in older patients with heart failure (HF) have not been well-studied. This study, therefore, compared sex differences in the association between AF and its 90-day adverse outcomes (hospital readmissions and emergency room (ER) visits) among older adults with HF. Of the 250 older adult patients, the prevalence rates of coexisting AF between male and female HF patients were 46.0% and 31.0%, respectively. In both male and female older patients, patients with AF have a significantly higher readmission rate (male 46.0%, and female 34.3%) than those without AF (male 6.8%, and female 12.8%). However, there are no significant differences in the association between AF and ER visits in both male and female older HF patients. The multivariate logistic analysis showed that coexisting AF significantly increased the risk of 90-day hospital readmission in both male and female older patients. In addition, older age in males and longer periods of time after an HF diagnosis in females were associated with an increased risk of hospital readmission. Consequently, prospective cohort studies are needed to identify the impact of coexisting AF on short- and long-term outcomes in older adult HF patients by sex.

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Elevated circulating vascular cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) is associated with concurrent depressive symptoms and cerebral white matter Hyperintensities in older adults

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-015-0063-7 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Achille E. Tchalla ◽

Gregory A. Wellenius ◽

Farzaneh A. Sorond ◽

Thomas G. Travison ◽

Thierry Dantoine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cell Adhesion ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

White Matter ◽

Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽

White Matter Hyperintensities ◽

Cerebral White Matter ◽

Vascular Cell Adhesion ◽

Vascular Cell ◽

Cell Adhesion Molecule 1

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Differential effects of a computerized cognitive stimulation program on older adults with mild cognitive impairment according to the severity of white matter hyperintensities

Clinical Interventions in Aging ◽

10.2147/cia.s152225 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol Volume 13 ◽

pp. 1543-1554 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leila Djabelkhir-Jemmi ◽

Ya-Huei Wu ◽

Marouane Boubaya ◽

Fabienne Marlats ◽

Manon Lewis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

White Matter ◽

White Matter Hyperintensities ◽

Cognitive Stimulation ◽

Differential Effects

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Dynapaenic obesity and its association with health outcomes in older adult populations: protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027728 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. e027728 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Siobhan Leahy ◽

Marica Cassarino ◽

Matthew DL O' Connell ◽

Liam Glynn ◽

Rose Galvin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Older Adult ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Age Groups ◽

Ageing Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age Related

IntroductionTwo major global health challenges are the rapidly ageing population and the high prevalence of obesity in all age groups. Older adults are also susceptible to age-related loss of muscle strength, termed dynapaenia. The co-occurrence of both obesity and dynapaenia, termed dynapaenic obesity (DO), has been associated with poorer health outcomes and increased healthcare usage compared with either state alone. The purpose of this systematic review is to quantify the prevalence and incidence of DO in older adult populations, and to explore the association between DO and health outcomes, specifically chronic disease and multimorbidity, functional disability and healthcare usage.Methods and analysisUsing the Meta-analyses Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines, we will conduct a systematic review of cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies of older adults, which include measures of DO and specified outcomes. Detailed literature searches of will be conducted using six electronic databases: Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Complete (CINAHL), including articles published from database inception until Febuary 2019. The reference lists of included articles will also be searched. Two independent reviewers will undertake a three-step screening and review process using the Population, Risk Factor, Outcome framework to define eligibility. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale for non-randomised studies will be used to assess risk of bias and to rate study quality. The findings will be synthesised in a narrative summary, and a meta-analysis will be conducted where appropriate.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this systematic review. Findings from this research will be submitted for peer-reviewed publication in academic journals, and presented at relevant academic conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018112471.

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