Cold Storage and Biocontrol Agents to Extend the Storage Period of ‘BRS Isis’ Seedless Table Grapes

‘BRS Isis’ is a novel hybrid seedless table grape with large reddish bunches. This cultivar is cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas and has potential to be exported overseas; however, under these growth conditions, grapes can be severely damaged by gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), the main postharvest disease of table grapes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate different pre- and postharvest strategies to extend the storage period of ‘BRS Isis’ seedless table grapes. The treatments consisted of grapes packed into carton boxes under cold storage (1 °C and high relative humidity), pre- and/or postharvest treatment with potassium bicarbonate or a biological control agent (Bacillus subtilis), all with Botrytis inoculation. Additionally, two controls, with and without Botrytis inoculation, were also evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with eight treatments and three replications, and each plot consisted of four bunches. After a 50-day cold storage period, the carton boxes were kept for five days at room temperature (22 °C). Gray mold incidence and water loss, as well as soluble solids (SS), pH, titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, and color attributes were evaluated during both periods. Cold storage effectively reduced gray mold in ‘BRS Isis’ seedless grape for a period of 50 days, even when grapes were inoculated; however, no difference among treatments was observed. Higher water loss was observed in both non-treated control treatments.

Download Full-text

Postharvest Preservation of the New Hybrid Seedless Grape, ‘BRS Isis’, Grown Under the Double-Cropping a Year System in a Subtropical Area

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9100603 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 603 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ahmed ◽

Ruffo Roberto ◽

Youssef ◽

Colombo ◽

Shahab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Skin Color ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Gray Mold ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Double Cropping ◽

Seedless Grape ◽

Randomized Experimental Design

‘BRS Isis’ is a new hybrid seedless table grape tolerant to downy mildew with a good adaptation to the tropical and subtropical climates. Gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr. is known as the most important postharvest mold in table grapes, causing extensive losses worldwide. As the postharvest behavior of ‘BRS Isis’ is still unknown, the objective of this work was to evaluate the postharvest preservation and B. cinerea mold control of this new grape cultivar, grown under the double-cropping a year system. Grape bunches were purchased from a field of ‘BRS Isis’ seedless table grapes trained on overhead trellises located at Marialva, state of Parana (South Brazil). Grapes were subjected to the following treatments in a cold room at 1 ± 1°C: (i) Control; (ii) SO2-generating pad; (iii) control with bunches inoculated with the pathogen suspension; (iv) SO2-generating pad with bunches inoculated with the pathogen suspension. The completely randomized experimental design was used with four treatments, each including five replicates. The incidence of gray mold and other physicochemical variables, including bunch mass loss, shattered berries, skin color index, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS/TA ratio of grapes, were evaluated at 50 days after the beginning of cold storage and at seven days at room temperature (22 ± 2°C). The ‘BRS Isis’ seedless grape, packaged with SO2-generating pads and plastic liners, has a high potential to be preserved for long periods under cold storage, at least for 50 days, keeping very low natural incidence of gray mold, mass loss, and shattered berries.

Download Full-text

Effects of Different Sulfur Dioxide Pads on Botrytis Mold in ‘Italia’ Table Grapes under Cold Storage

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae4040029 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 29 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Saeed Ahmed ◽

Sergio Roberto ◽

Allan Domingues ◽

Muhammad Shahab ◽

Osmar Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Storage ◽

Skin Color ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Slow Release ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Gray Mold ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Lower Efficiency ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Dual Release

‘Italia’ grape is one of the most important table grape cultivars grown worldwide. Gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr., is one of the most important causes of postharvest decay of table grapes, and the control of this disease is very difficult because postharvest treatments with synthetic fungicides are not allowed in many countries. The objective of this study was to compare different types of pads releasing different doses of SO2 during cold storage to control gray mold in ‘Italia’ table grapes grown under subtropical conditions. Grape bunches were harvested from a commercial field trained on an overhead trellis located at Cambira, state of Parana (PR), South Brazil. The grapes were packed into carton boxes (capacity, 4.5 kg) and subjected to the following SO2 pad treatments (Uvasys®, Cape Town, South Africa) under cold storage (1.0 ± 1 °C) for 50 days: (i) Control; (ii) SO2 slow release pad; (iii) SO2 dual release pad; (iv) SO2 dual release–fast reduced pad; (v) SO2 slow release pad with grapes inoculated with B. cinerea suspension; (vi) SO2 dual release pad with grapes inoculated with B. cinerea suspension; and (vii) SO2 dual release-fast reduced pad with grapes inoculated with B. cinerea suspension. After cold storage, the grape boxes were maintained for 7 days at room temperature (25 °C). The incidence of gray mold on the grapes, firmness, shattered berries, stem browning, as well as other physicochemical variables, such as bunch mass, bunch mass loss, skin color, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA) and SS/TA were evaluated. Both SO2 dual release pads were highly efficient in preventing the incidence of gray mold in ‘Italia’ grapes packed in clamshells during the 50-day period of cold storage and at room temperature, even with Botrytis-inoculated berries. The SO2 slow release pad showed lower efficiency, but was higher than the control. The SO2 dual release pad treatments provided the best results with respect to stem browning scores (fresh and green stems) during cold storage, and no differences were observed among the treatments with respect to the other physicochemical evaluations.

Download Full-text

HYDROCOOLING EFFICIENCY ON POSTHARVEST CONSERVATION AND QUALITY OF ARUGULA

JOURNAL OF NEOTROPICAL AGRICULTURE ◽

10.32404/rean.v6i4.3457 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 36-41

Author(s):

Elaine Gleice Silva Moreira ◽

Scarlet Aguiar Basílio ◽

Mariany Dalila Milan ◽

Natália Arruda ◽

Katiane Santiago Silva Benett

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Respiratory Rate ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Water Loss ◽

Cold Water ◽

Subjective Evaluation ◽

Storage Period ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Fresh Mass ◽

Soluble Solids

Arugula is mainly cultivated by small producers, being a leafy vegetable susceptible to water loss and wilting after harvest, which may result in changes in appearance, texture, color (yellowing), and nutritional value of the product. Hydrocooling is a cooling method that stands out for being simple, practical and efficient. Its use is to reduce the temperature and respiratory rate of vegetables after harvesting by immersion in ice or cold water, so they can be packed and stored. This study was conducted to evaluate the hydrocooling efficiency when associated with the storage period in the postharvest shelf life of arugula leaves. Arugula leaves were subjected to ten days of storage, and measurements were taken at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 × 6 factorial scheme, consisting of three hydrocooling treatments [control (without cooling), and hydrocooling at 0 °C and 10 °C] and for six storage periods (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days) with three replicates. Fresh mass loss, soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH and subjective evaluation of product appearance were measured. Hydrocooling at 0 °C proved to be the most appropriate treatment when compared to control, as reported by the values of fresh mass loss, soluble solids, and titratable acidity. Hydrocooling to 0 °C slowed leaf water loss (lower respiratory rate) and resulted in better overall leaf appearance up to the sixth day of storage, thereby increasing shelf life of arugula leaves.

Download Full-text

Control of postharvest gray mold of ‘BRS Nubia’ table grape under cold storage

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6supl2p3457 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽

pp. 3457-3465

Author(s):

Ronan Carlos Colombo ◽

◽

Deived Uilian de Carvalho ◽

Maria Aparecida da Cruz ◽

Ciro Hideki Sumida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Gray Mold ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Commercial Vineyard ◽

Solids Content

The demand for high-quality nutritional products has increased fruit consumption, as grapes, for this reason postharvest techniques are required to prevent losses, to preserve quality, to extend shelf life, and to attend to consumer needs. In this way, the objective of this study was to evaluate strategies to control gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea in ‘BRS Nubia’ grapes during cold storage and shelf life periods. Grape bunches were harvested from a commercial vineyard in Marialva, Parana, Brazil. Grapes were subjected to the following treatments: cold storage at 2 ºC (control), cold storage at 2 ºC with SO2-generating pads, cold storage at 2 ºC and inoculated with B. cinerea suspension, and cold storage at 2 ºC with SO2-generating pads and inoculated with B. cinerea suspension. The experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design with five replications per treatment using four bunches per experimental unit. A factorial arrangement (absence/presence of SO2 pads × absence/presence of Botrytis inoculation) was applied. At the end of 30 days of cold storage and 7 days of shelf life (22 ºC), gray mold incidence, shattered berries, and physicochemical parameters were evaluated. The gray mold incidence on ‘BRS Nubia’ grapes decreased when SO2-generating pads were used during cold storage. Berry weight loss was greater in the treatments without SO2-generating pads after 30 days of cold storage followed by 7 days of shelf life. Berry firmness, soluble solids content (SS), total acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, and anthocyanins concentration were not negatively affected by SO2-generating pad treatments. However, a slight increase in the shattered berries percentage was recorded for the SO2-generating pad treatments. No significant quality loss of ‘BRS Nubia’ grape was evident after 30 days of cold storage followed by 7 days of exposure at room temperature. In this context, SO2-generating pads can be used to control the gray mold incidence on ‘BRS Nubia’ table grapes during cold storage.

Download Full-text

Control of Gray Mold on Clamshell-Packaged ‘Benitaka’ Table Grapes Using Sulphur Dioxide Pads and Perforated Liners

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens8040271 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 271 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Osmar Jose Chaves Junior ◽

Khamis Youssef ◽

Renata Koyama ◽

Saeed Ahmed ◽

Allan Ricardo Dominguez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Storage Period ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

International Markets ◽

Gray Mold ◽

Additional Treatment ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Dual Release

The use of vented clamshells has become popular in the packaging of grapes for local and international markets. The aim of this study is to evaluate the postharvest preservation of ‘Benitaka’ table grapes individually packaged in vented clamshells using different types of SO2-generating pads and perforated plastic liners during cold storage. A completely randomized design with four replications in a two-factor arrangement with an additional treatment [(4 × 3) + 1] was used. The trials were carried out under two situations: Artificial or natural infections with Botrytis cinerea, which is the causal agent of gray mold on table grapes. The incidence of gray mold, shattered berries, and stem browning were evaluated at 30 and 45 days of cold storage at 1 ± 1 °C and 3 days of shelf-life at 22 ± 1 °C after the period of cold storage. Mass loss and berry firmness were also examined at the end of the cold storage period. The use of dual-release SO2-generating pads containing 5 or 8 g of a.i. and slow-release pads with 7 g of a.i. was effective in controlling the incidence of gray mold in grapes packaged in vented clamshells and kept under cold storage for up to 45 days. Under these storage conditions, perforated plastic liners with 0.3% ventilation area or micro-perforated liners with 1.0% ventilation area reduced the percentage of mass loss and shattered berries.

Download Full-text

The Influence of Flexible Film with Releasing Sulfur Dioxide on Quality of 'Vitis labruscana Kyoho' Table Grapes

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.200.305 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 200 ◽

pp. 305-311

Author(s):

Dong Li Li ◽

Wen Cai Xu ◽

Zun Zhong Liu ◽

Ya Bo Fu ◽

Ya Jun Wang

Keyword(s):

Sulfur Dioxide ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Water Loss ◽

Control Sample ◽

Storage Period ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Total Acid ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Vitis Labruscana

An active packaging film (APF1) with releasing low concentration sulfur dioxide (SO2) was tested on quality of ‘vitis labruscana kyoho’ table grape. All samples were stored at 5°C and during the storage period the main quality parameters, weight loss, berries shatter, decay, firmness, total soluble solids content (TSS), total acid (TA, using the PH of grape juice instead of the TA ), Vitamin c (Vc) content were monitored and compared with the control sample unpacked in any film. Results demonstrated that APF1 could reduce water loss of table grapes, prevent it from pathogens infection. The results also showed that APF1 could greatly guarantee a long shelf life for grape. After storage 56 days (storage at 0~5°C), the water loss, berry firmness, TA and Vc content in grapes packaged in APF1 were slowly reduced, TSS was slight increased, percentage of shatter and decayed berries of grapes were 22% and 27%, respectively. The percentage of berries decay of grapes packaged in APF1 was reduced to 5% from 21% for control batches on 11th days. All unpackaged table grapes (control batches) were decayed after 28 days. APF1 would help to preserve quality and extend shelf life of table grapes.

Download Full-text

Use of Modified Atmosphere Packaging to Manage Quality of Green Garlic Leaves during Cold Storage Period

Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture ◽

10.9755/ejfa.2020.v32.i7.2122 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 550

Author(s):

Selen Akan ◽

Özge Horzum

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Modified Atmosphere Packaging ◽

Storage Period ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Total Phenolic

Green garlic leaves are consumed as fresh and cooked in Turkey and in some part of the world such as Asia, America and Africa. This crop could be considered as a promising export product in Turkey’s exportation volume. For this reason, we investigated how different package materials such as low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and closed polypropylene transparent boxes (CPTB) maintain some quality parameters of green garlic (Allim sativum L.) leaves. For that purpose, garlic leaves were stored at 10 °C and 80±5% relative humidity for 12 days after cutting, pre-cooling and packaging. Weight loss (WL), soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), chlorophyll content as SPAD reading, visual quality (VQ), color, total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured at 3, 6, 9 and 12 days during storage period. Our results indicated that both packaging materials significantly maintained (P ≤ 0.05) WL, TA, chlorophyll content, VQ and TPC compared to controls (unpacked samples). Pearson Correlation tests showed that WL, color (L*, b*), TA and TAC could be used as marker to determine storage life of green garlic leaves. In addition, CPTB package is more effective in maintaining quality of green garlic leaves during cold storage.

Download Full-text

Relative humidity during cold storage on Postharvest quality of 'Niagara Rosada' table grapes

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20130307 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 386-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Josuel Alfredo Vilela Pinto ◽

Márcio Renan Weber Schorr ◽

Fabio Rodrigo Thewes ◽

Deiverson Luiz Ceconi ◽

Vanderlei Both ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Postharvest Quality ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Niagara Rosada

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of relative humidity (RH) on the maintenance of Postharvest quality of 'Niagara Rosada' table grapes after cold storage at 0.5°C for 21 days. A completely randomized design was used, with five replicates of 18 clusters per treatment. The selected levels of relative humidity were 85, 90, 95 and 100%, obtained by means of electronic humidity controllers. The fruits were evaluated in relation to rot incidence, berry cracking, browning rate, respiratory rate, titratable acidity, soluble solids, resistance to abscission, berry drop and weight loss. The evaluations were assessed at 20 days of storage and after two and four days of shelf-life (20°C; 85% RH). The results showed that as higher as relative humidity, higher is rot incidence and that the variables rachis browning and weight loss were inversely related to relative humidity. Resistance to abscission at the end of storage was higher when humidity ranged between 90 and 95%, but it was not affected after transfer to shelf-life from cold storage. Relative humidity ranging between 90 and 95% offer the best conditions to maintain the Postharvest quality of 'Niagara Rosada' table grapes

Download Full-text

Suitability of some mid-season table grape cultivars and types for minimally processed produce

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.2008.42.2.820 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 99

Author(s):

Muharrem Ergun ◽

Özden Akkaya ◽

Nazan Ergun

Keyword(s):

Storage Period ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Table Grape ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Minimally Processed ◽

Minimal Processing ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Berry Size ◽

Grape Cultivars

Aims: The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether some midseason table grape cultivars and types can be used as minimally processed produce and to investigate the negative effects of minimal processing on the quality of the table grapes.Methods and results: Changes in quality losses as defects, weight loss, soluble solids, titratable acidity and pH by minimally processed 13 cultivars and 4 types were recorded during a 10-day storage period at 4 °C. Browning on the stem end was the major defect followed by collapse on the stem end, decay both on the stem end and on the berry surface, and splitting on the berry surface. Big Perlon, Hatun Parmagi and Ribol among the cultivars/types were found be less prone to defects after minimal processing and storing at 4 °C.Conclusion: The defects or problems which minimally processed table grapes most likely to face are collapse, browning and decay on the stem end, and splitting and decay on the berry surface. The quality losses in Big Perlon, Hatun Parmagi and Ribol cultivars with a very large berry size were lower than other 14 cultivars/types after 10 days, suggesting that berry size is very important attribute for choosing table grape cultivars as minimally processed produce.Significance and impact of study: The study involving 13 cultivars and 4 types with different colored skin, berry sizes and types presents reliable information of suitability of the grapes for fresh-cut produce. Furthermore, the quality assessment used for this study provides a very detailed clarification what kind of problems minimally processed table grapes might face.

Download Full-text

Postharvest Techniques to Prevent the Incidence of Botrytis Mold of ‘BRS Vitoria’ Seedless Grape under Cold Storage

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae4030017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 17 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Allan Domingues ◽

Sergio Roberto ◽

Saeed Ahmed ◽

Muhammad Shahab ◽

Osmar José Chaves Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Skin Color ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Slow Release ◽

Gray Mold ◽

Postharvest Disease ◽

Seedless Grape ◽

Dual Release ◽

Cold Chamber

‘BRS Vitoria’ (Vitis spp.) is a novel hybrid seedless table grape recommended for cultivation in tropical and subtropical areas, especially for overseas export. The main postharvest disease of this cultivar is botrytis or gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), which occurs even under low temperatures in cold chambers. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) release pads have been used to control this disease under cold storage, but some grape cultivars are sensitive to certain levels of this compound. The objective of this work was to evaluate different types of SO2 generator pads in order to prevent the incidence of gray mold of ‘BRS Vitoria’ seedless grape, as well to avoid other grape injuries during cold storage. Grape bunches were harvested when fully ripened (16°Brix) from a commercial field trained on overhead trellis and located at Marialva, state of Parana (PR) (South Brazil). Grapes were packed into carton boxes and subjected to the following SO2 pad treatments (Uvasys®, Cape Town, South Africa) in a cold chamber (2 °C): (a) control; (b) SO2 slow release pad; (c) SO2 dual release pad; (d) SO2 dual release–fast reduced pad; (e) SO2 slow release pad with grapes inoculated with B. cinerea; (f) SO2 dual release pad with grapes inoculated with B. cinerea; and (g) SO2 dual release–fast reduced pad with grapes inoculated with B. cinerea. After a 50-day cold chamber period, the grape boxes were kept for 7 days at room temperature at 25 °C. A randomized design was used with seven treatments and four replications, with five bunches per plot. The incidence of gray mold on grapes was evaluated after the 50-day cold storage and after the 7-days-at-room-temperature periods, as well other grape physicochemical variables, such as shattered berries, stem browning, bunch mass, bunch mass loss, skin color, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS/TA. The dual release pads were more efficient in preventing the incidence of gray mold and mass loss in ‘BRS Vitoria’ seedless grapes than the slow release pads in both storage periods. The incidence of shattered berries was lower when any type SO2 pad was used during cold storage, and no effects were observed on stem browning, firmness, or berry skin color of ‘BRS Vitoria’ grapes.

Download Full-text