scholarly journals The Nitrogen Budget of Coastal Eastern Guangdong in the Last 15 Years

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Yongsong Su ◽  
Song Song ◽  
Lichun Xie ◽  
Zhenyu He
Keyword(s):  
Water Environment ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Nitrogen Budget ◽  
Nitrogen Pollution ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Nitrogen Surplus ◽  
Nitrogen Input ◽  
Management Requirement

Nitrogen pollution has caused severe ecological and environmental crisis, especially in densely populated coastal regions. Using a mathematical model based on statistical data series from industry, agriculture, environmental protection, and population in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, this paper aims to estimate the nitrogen income and expenditure of coastal Eastern Guangdong, to reveal the temporal variation of the nitrogen budget in the coastal region with high agriculture intensity, and to suggest a management strategy for the local nitrogen control. The results show that: coastal Eastern Guangdong is a nitrogen surplus region, with nitrogen load and nitrogen flux varying in the range 276.01–299.60 kg N ha−1 yr−1 and 221.26–239.06 kg N ha−1 yr−1, respectively, during the period 2000–2015; from 2000 to 2015, the overall nitrogen surplus and the nitrogen surplus unit area showed an obvious upward trend, indicating that nitrogen pollution in the area was deteriorating; agricultural used fertilizer serves as the main contributor to nitrogen input, while water nitrogen accounts for the highest portion of nitrogen output; despite the fluctuation of nitrogen input and output, water nitrogen output steadily increased, suggesting a stronger water environment management requirement. This research provides reference for researchers and decision-makers in the ecological and environmental domains.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR OF DISSOLVED AND PARTICULATE Pb AND Zn IN JENEBERANG ESTUARY, MAKASSAR

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
. Najamuddin ◽  
Tri Prartono ◽  
Harpasis s. Sanusi ◽  
I Wayan Nurjaya
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Detectable Limit ◽  
Geochemical Cycle ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Dissolved Heavy Metals ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Distribution Behaviour

ABSTRACTDissolved and particulate heavy metals play a role in geochemical cycle as an agent in adsorption-desorption, deposition-resuspension, and dispersion mechanisms of heavy metals in water environment. The objectives of this research were to determine the distribution and behaviour of dissolved and particulate heavy metals Pb and Zn in different seasons (west and east seasons) at Jeneberang Estuary of Makassar. Concentrations of Pb and Zn were analysed using Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometry based on APHA, AWWA, WEF (2005). The concentration of dissolved Pb in the riverine, estuarine, and marine waters were in the range (average) of <0.002 mg/L (below detectable limit), 0.013-0.144 mg/L (0.047 mg/L), 0.016-0.198 mg/L (0.079 mg/L); and the concen-tration of dissolved Zn were in the range (average) of <0.002 mg/L (below detectable limit), <0.002-0.014 mg/L (0.005 mg/L), <0.002-0.083 mg/L (0.017 mg/L). Meanwhile, the concentration of parti-culate Pb were in the range (average) of 1.807-2.569 mg kg-1 (2.215 mg kg-1), 0.521-1.272 mg kg-1 (0.911 mg kg-1), 0.465-2.182 mg kg-1 (1.033 mg kg-1), and the concentration of particulate Zn were in the range (average) of 19.151-90.942 mg kg-1 (51.710 mg kg-1), 16.999-63.059 mg kg-1 (31.694 mg   kg-1), 19.439-80.283 mg kg-1 (45.554 mg kg-1) in the riverine, estuarine and marine waters, respecti-vely. Behaviour of dissolved heavy metals Pb and Zn showed that the concentrations tended to increase (desorption) along the gradient of high salinity as a  result of the higher heavy metals input from coastal region than that riverine regimes.Keywords: distribution, behaviour, dissolved, particulate, heavy metal, Jeneberang Estuary

Assumed Non-Point Water Pollution Based on the Nitrogen Budget in Polish Agriculture

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-5) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sapek ◽  
B. Sapek
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Nitrogen Budget ◽  
Nitrogen Losses ◽  
Nitrogen Surplus ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Communist System

The nitrogen balance made on a national, regional and/or farm basis provides valuable information about the surplus of nitrogen in agricultural production. This surplus of nitrogen is dispersed into the environment, causing water pollution with nitrate and other compounds of nitrogen, air pollution with ammonia and nitrous oxide. The nitrogen balance in Polish agriculture has undergone vast changes during the last few years, according to economic and social transformations after the collapse of the communist system. The surplus of nitrogen decreased from about 90 kg N/ha in 1989 to about 60 kg N/ha in 1991. More than 30% of nitrogen surplus is volatilized into the atmosphere in the form of ammonia, while similar amounts find their way into the water, particularly groundwater. The amounts of nitrogen losses due to denitrification are difficult to estimate.

scholarly journals A Risk Explicit Interval Linear Programming Model for Uncertainty-Based Environmental Economic Optimization in the Lake Fuxian Watershed, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Kai Huang ◽  
Rui Zou ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Yajuan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Interval Linear Programming ◽  
Lake Fuxian ◽  
Interval Linear

The conflict of water environment protection and economic development has brought severe water pollution and restricted the sustainable development in the watershed. A risk explicit interval linear programming (REILP) method was used to solve integrated watershed environmental-economic optimization problem. Interval linear programming (ILP) and REILP models for uncertainty-based environmental economic optimization at the watershed scale were developed for the management of Lake Fuxian watershed, China. Scenario analysis was introduced into model solution process to ensure the practicality and operability of optimization schemes. Decision makers’ preferences for risk levels can be expressed through inputting different discrete aspiration level values into the REILP model in three periods under two scenarios. Through balancing the optimal system returns and corresponding system risks, decision makers can develop an efficient industrial restructuring scheme based directly on the window of “low risk and high return efficiency” in the trade-off curve. The representative schemes at the turning points of two scenarios were interpreted and compared to identify a preferable planning alternative, which has the relatively low risks and nearly maximum benefits. This study provides new insights and proposes a tool, which was REILP, for decision makers to develop an effectively environmental economic optimization scheme in integrated watershed management.

WEF/WERF study of BNR plants achieving very low N and P limits: evaluation of technology performance and process reliability

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 808-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles B. Bott ◽  
Denny S. Parker ◽  
Jose Jimenez ◽  
Mark W. Miller ◽  
J. B. Neethling
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Process Reliability ◽  
Performance Statistics ◽  
Real World Situation ◽  
Operational Data

The Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF) funded a two-year comprehensive study of nutrient removal plants designed and operated to meet very low effluent total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. WERF worked with the Water Environment Federation (WEF) to solicit participation of volunteers and provide a forum for information exchange at workshops at its annual conferences. Both existing and new technologies are being adapted to meet requirements that are as low as 3.0 mg/L TN and 0.1 mg/L TP, and there is a need to define their capabilities and reliabilities in the real world situation of wastewater treatment plants. A concern over very low daily permits for ammonia caused the work to be extended to include nitrification reliability. This effort focused on maximizing what can be learned from existing technologies in order to provide a database that will inform key decision makers about proper choices for both technologies and rationale bases for statistical permit writing. To this end, managers of 22 plants, 10 achieving low effluent TP, nine achieving low effluent TN, and three achieving low effluent NH3-N, provided three years of operational data that were analyzed using a consistent statistical approach. Technology Performance Statistics (TPSs) were developed as three separate values representing the ideal, median, and reliably achievable performance. Technological conclusions can be drawn from the study in terms of what can be learned by comparing the different nutrient removal and nitrification processes employed at these 22 plants.

scholarly journals An open-sourced, web-based application to analyze weekly excess mortality based on the Short-term Mortality Fluctuations data series

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246663 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Németh ◽  
Dmitri A. Jdanov ◽  
Vladimir M. Shkolnikov
Keyword(s):  
Open Source Software ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Data Resource ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Short Term Mortality

The COVID-19 pandemic stimulated the interest of scientists, decision makers and the general public in short-term mortality fluctuations caused by epidemics and other natural or man-made disasters. To address this interest and provide a basis for further research, in May 2020, the Short-term Mortality Fluctuations data series was launched as a new section of the Human Mortality Database. At present, this unique data resource provides weekly mortality death counts and rates by age and sex for 38 countries and regions. The main objective of this paper is to detail the web-based application for visualizing and analyzing the excess mortality based on the Short-term Mortality Fluctuation data series. The application yields a visual representation of the database that enhances the understanding of the underlying data. Besides, it enables the users to explore data on weekly mortality and excess mortality across years and countries. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, to describe a visualization tool that aims to facilitate research on short-term mortality fluctuations. Second, to provide a comprehensive open-source software solution for demographic data to encourage data holders to promote their datasets in a visual framework.

Linking stakeholders and decision makers with science in managing the coastal water environment: case studies from urban, industrial and rural subtropical catchments in Australia

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fearon
Keyword(s):  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Participative Approach

The dynamics of stakeholder participation and effective dialogue processes vary markedly between and within catchment areas. Decision support tools and conflict resolution skills are essential in developing consensus in complex and conflicting issues. Undertaking relevant research requires genuine inclusion of all stakeholders at all stages of the process including development and implementation of management plans. Providing a scientifically integrated and participative approach increases the ability to understand the social and economic dimensions.

Creativity-based well-being of employees as a basis of future economy and society

Kybernetes ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Šarotar Žižek ◽  
Sonja Treven ◽  
Matjaž Mulej
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – A new non-technological innovation to manage socio-economic crises and to build new economy and society. Economic theory that is based on fictitious market cannot manage building them, because it is one-sided and fails; the model suggests solving the crises and building new economy and society based on human requisite holism (HRH), creativity-based well-being (CBWB) and social responsibility (SR). The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative economic analysis using HRH, CBWB, SR and dialectical systems theory (DST) is applied. Findings – The current global socio-economic/environmental crisis reflects decision-makers' one-sidedness and resulting oversights. HRH and SR support both holism and honesty and help to combat the negative impact of decision-makers' behaviour. SR can support holism and honesty better, if well-being is extended to CBWB, and if SR is upgraded with increasing CBWB, not welfare alone. Both SR and CBWB support HRH. The innovative synergy of CBWB and SR enables the solution of crises and the new economy and society beyond the currently practiced fictitious market. DST backs HRH, CBWB and SR, an ethic of interdependence and requisite holism (RH) approach, enabling requisite wholeness of outcomes. Research limitations/implications – Empirical data are from Slovene enterprises. Practical implications – The RH approach to managing socio-economic crises helps practitioners to rebuild modern society. Originality/value – Available literature offers no similar concept.

Estimating nitrate loading from an intensively managed agricultural field to a shallow unconfined aquifer

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Kuipers ◽  
M. C. Ryan ◽  
B. J. Zebarth
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Nitrogen Budget ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Nitrogen Surplus ◽  
Nitrogen Budgets ◽  
Intensively Managed

Nitrate loading from an intensively managed commercial red raspberry field to groundwater in the Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer, British Columbia was estimated over a 1 yr period and compared with the nitrogen surplus calculated using a simple nitrogen budget. Nitrate loading was estimated as the product of recharge (estimated from climate data as total precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration (PET)) and monthly nitrate concentration measured at the water table. Most nitrate loading occurred when nitrate, accumulated in the root zone over the growing season, was leached following heavy autumn rainfall events. Elevated groundwater nitrate concentrations at the water table during the growing season when recharge was assumed to be negligible suggested that the nitrate loading was underestimated. The estimate of annual nitrate loading to the water table was high (174 kg N ha−1) suggesting that the tools currently available to growers to manage N in raspberry production are not adequate to protect groundwater quality. The calculated nitrogen surplus from the nitrogen budget (180 kg N ha−1) was similar to the measured nitrate loading suggesting that simple nitrogen budgets may be relatively effective indices of the risk of nitrate loading to groundwater.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Quality of Spatial Data for the Analysis of Climate Variability in the Coastal Region of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-90
Author(s):  
A.I. Agbonaye ◽  
O.C. Izinyon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Climatic Research Unit ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Omnibus Test ◽  
Standard Normal Homogeneity Test

The lack of truly reliable data for climate change analyses and prediction presents challenges in climate modeling. Needed data are required to be hydrologically/statistically reliable to be useful for hydrological, meteorological, climate change, and estimation studies. Thus, data quality and homogeneity screening are preliminary analyses. In this study, the homogeneity of the climatic data used for analyses of climate variability was conducted in the coastal region of Nigeria. Climatic Research Unit (CRU 0.5× 0.5) gridded monthly climatic data for sixty years (1956- 2016) for nine states of the coastal region of Nigeria obtained from internet sources were validated with the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) data to assure adequacy for use. The data were tested for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk (S-W) test, D’Agostino-Pearson omnibus test, and skewness test. Four homogeneity test methods were applied to 257 locations in the nine states of the coastal region of Nigeria and they include Pettit’s, Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT), Buishand’s and Von Neumann Ratio (VNR) tests. The results of the validity analysis indicated that the CRU data are very reliable and thus justified their use for the further analysis carried out in the study. Also, the results obtained indicated that CRU climatic data series were normally distributed and parametric methods could be used in further analysis of the data. Rainfall data homogeneity was detected for Bayelsa, Delta, Edo, Lagos, Ogun, and Ondo states and inhomogeneity for Akwa Ibom, Cross Rivers, and Rivers States. Also, temperature data inhomogeneity was detected for all the states in the study area.

scholarly journals Drinking Water Insecurity in Southwest Coastal Bangladesh: How Far to SDG 6.1?

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3571
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jobayer Hossain ◽  
Md. Arif Chowdhury ◽  
Sayka Jahan ◽  
Rashed Uz Zzaman ◽  
Syed Labib Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Water Scarce

Substantial progress has been seen in the drinking water supply as per the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), but achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), particularly SGD 6.1 regarding safely managed drinking water with much more stringent targets, is considered as a development challenge. The problem is more acute in low-income water-scarce hard-to-reach areas such as the southwest coastal region of Bangladesh, where complex hydrogeological conditions and adverse water quality contribute to a highly vulnerable and insecure water environment. Following the background, this study investigated the challenges and potential solutions to drinking water insecurity in a water-scarce area of southwest coastal Bangladesh using a mixed-methods approach. The findings revealed that water insecurity arises from unimproved, deteriorated, unaffordable, and unreliable sources that have significant time and distance burdens. High rates of technical dysfunction of the existing water infrastructure contribute to water insecurity as well. Consequently, safely managed water services are accessible to only 12% of the population, whereas 64% of the population does not have basic water. To reach the SDG 6.1 target, this underserved community needs well-functioning readily accessible water infrastructure with formal institutional arrangement rather than self-governance, which seems unsuccessful in this low-income context. This study will help the government and its development partners in implementing SDG action plans around investments to a reliable supply of safe water to the people living in water-scarce hard-to-reach coastal areas.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document