Understanding Social-Ecological Challenges of a Small-Scale Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) Fishery in Bangladesh

Small-scale fisheries (SSFs) have been playing a crucial role in meeting the basic needs of millions of people around the world. Despite this, the sustainability of global fisheries is a growing concern, and the factors enabling or constraining the sustainable management of small-scale fisheries remain poorly understood. Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) is the single most valuable species harvested in Bangladesh waters, serves nutrition, income, and employment to the large population. This study analyzed the state and challenges of hilsa fishery in the Gangetic River systems (Padma and Meghna Rivers) by using two frameworks, namely the social-ecological systems (SES) and drivers-pressure-state-impact-responses (DPSIR) frameworks. Primary data for this analysis were collected by in-depth interviews (n = 130) and focus group discussions (n = 8) with various stakeholders in the hilsa fisheries. The perspectives explored here have been both critical and constructive, including the identification of problems and suggestions for improving the management of this particular social-ecological system. Hilsa fisheries, however, have come under severe threat since 2003 because of population growth, overfishing, pollution, climate change, the disruption of migration routes due to siltation, etc. All these have caused reduced catches and less stable incomes for fishers. This, in turn, has led to poverty, malnutrition, social tensions, stakeholder conflicts, and debt cycles amongst more impoverished fishing communities. These problems have been compounded by improved fishing technology amongst larger-scale ventures, the use of illegal fishing gears, and the non-compliance of government fishery management programs. Recommendations include the promotion of community-supported fisheries, the enhancement of stakeholder’s social resilience, the introduction of co-management approach, an increase in incentives and formal financial supports, and possible community-managed sustainable ecotourism including hilsa fishing-based tourism.

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KONSEPTUALISASI PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN LAUT SKALA KECIL BERBASIS LOKASI PKN (Peningkatan Kehidupan Nelayan) (Study Kasus: Wilayah Kecamatan PKN Kabupaten Nagan Raya)

JURNAL PERIKANAN TROPIS ◽

10.35308/jpt.v3i2.45 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Farah Diana ◽

Muhammad Rizal

Keyword(s):

Fishery Management ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Primary Data ◽

Fishing Ground ◽

Small Scale ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Dominant Type ◽

Small Scale Fisheries ◽

Fisheries Resources

Capture fisheries are very important economic activity and have contributed greatly to the total fishery production in general in the District Naganraya. Fishery system that occurs dominated by small-scale fisheries. Fishermen in Naganraya district has a high dependence on fisheries resources as the main source of livelihood and almost all coastal areas based fisheries activities. Small-scale fisheries businesses have an impact on the fishing fleet and fishing locations (fishing ground) resulting in range of fishing operations is limited. The purpose of this research is 1). Analyzing small-scale capture fisheries system in locations PKN Naganraya district, 2). Formulate an alternative strategy in the management of small-scale fishing locations PKN Naganraya district. Data to be collected in this study consisted of primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected intensively using semi-structured interviews (semi-structured interview) to small-scale fishermen, observation and documentation in selected locations. The results showed that the dominant type of fishing gear is trawl catches beach and species that dominate the catch is Sardinella lemuru and Selar spp. Fish marketing patterns in locations peningkapan fishing activities (PKN) is not through the auction only through traders / large and are twelve strategic through internal and external environmental factors were dominant influence on the pattern of the conceptualization of small-scale fishery management in PKN location Nagan Raya.

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THE INNOVATION OF VULNERABLE FISHERIES USING ECOSYSTEM-BASED FISHERY MANAGEMENT APPROACH: A TEST CASE IN KARIMUNJAWA ECOSYSTEM, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v78.8194 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 78 (4-2) ◽

Author(s):

Mayanggita Kirana ◽

Indah Susilowati ◽

Kuperan Viswanathan

Keyword(s):

Fisheries Management ◽

Fishery Management ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Marine Ecosystem ◽

Primary Data ◽

Management Approach ◽

New Paradigm ◽

Initial Finding ◽

Central Java ◽

The Government

The sustainability of marine ecosystem has become a major concern the government; however, the implementation of sustainability-based fisheries management has not been fully carried out and well controlled. Therefore, having a concept of ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) is essential in protecting it preserved. The aim of this study was to analyze the implementation of EBFM in Karimunjawa ecosystem, Central Java, Indonesia. The analysis of this study was based on the primary data collected from fishermen and stakeholders using in-depth interviews, and the secondary data gathered from stakeholders of Karimunjawa documentation. Meta-analysis with triangulation was invoked in this study. The result showed that the vulnerability of marine ecosystem, particularly fisheries’ resource in the pilot project is in progress. The conventional approach has not yet succeeded in managing fisheries’ resource in terms of sustainability attributes. Moreover, the EBFM has not yet proven to be a suitable approach for some reasons; although, this concept is very promising in encouraging a new paradigm for sustainable management in Indonesia with a protocol concept. This initial finding needs to be furthered in order to explore other aspects of development.

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Bringing analysis of gender and social–ecological resilience together in small-scale fisheries research: Challenges and opportunities

AMBIO ◽

10.1007/s13280-016-0814-5 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 201-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Nozomi Kawarazuka ◽

Catherine Locke ◽

Cynthia McDougall ◽

Paula Kantor ◽

Miranda Morgan

Keyword(s):

Ecological Resilience ◽

Small Scale ◽

Small Scale Fisheries ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Research Challenges ◽

Challenges And Opportunities

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Social-ecological dynamics of the small scale fisheries in Sundarban Mangrove Forest, Bangladesh

Aquaculture and Fisheries ◽

10.1016/j.aaf.2017.12.002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 38-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Mohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder ◽

Md. Mostafa Shamsuzzaman ◽

Md. Rashed-Un-Nabi ◽

Ehsanul Karim

Keyword(s):

Mangrove Forest ◽

Small Scale ◽

Ecological Dynamics ◽

Small Scale Fisheries ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Sundarban Mangrove

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Net Fisheries’ Métiers in the Eastern Mediterranean: Insights for Small-Scale Fishery Management on Kalymnos Island

Water ◽

10.3390/w11071509 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1509 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kyriakoula Roditi ◽

Dimitris Vafidis

Keyword(s):

Mediterranean Sea ◽

Fishery Management ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Market Price ◽

Aegean Sea ◽

Small Scale ◽

Target Species ◽

Essential Information ◽

Small Scale Fisheries ◽

The Difference

Small-scale fisheries constitute an important component of coastal human societies. The present study describes the small-scale net fisheries on Kalymnos Island (south-east Aegean Sea) that harbors the largest small-scale fleet in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. In addition, this study aims to evaluate their characteristics and economics. Relevant métiers were identified through a multivariate analysis by inputting the main resources and fishing gear data that were recorded during landings. Four main practices were observed being used as fishing gears, gillnets and trammel nets, targeting the species Mullus barbatus, Boops boops, Mullus surmuletus, Scorpaena porcus, and Sepia officinalis. Further analysis, which incorporated data concerning the type of the gear used, revealed 11 distinct métiers. Most of these métiers are practiced by other Mediterranean small-scale fisheries as well, in terms of target species, gear and seasonality. However, the métier that had its target species as B.boops is not practiced in other Mediterranean small-scale fisheries. The seasonal rotation of métiers was determined by the availability of different species rather than their market price. The results revealed the difference in fishing practice used by the fishermen in the study area compared to other fishing practices in the Mediterranean Sea. In particular, the fishermen of this study area targeted more species (B.boops) with a very low market price. They also provided essential information for the development and implementation of management plans aiming at the sustainability of small-scale fisheries.

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Enhancing Social Resilience of the Coastal Fishing Communities: A Case Study of Hilsa (Tenualosa Ilisha H.) Fishery in Bangladesh

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10103501 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 3501 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mohammad Mozumder ◽

Md. Wahab ◽

Simo Sarkki ◽

Petra Schneider ◽

Mohammad Islam

Keyword(s):

Local Level ◽

Small Scale ◽

Social Resilience ◽

Income Loss ◽

Social Ecological ◽

The Social ◽

Alternative Means ◽

Building Community ◽

Distribution Of Power

Social resilience is an essential aspect of sustainability in environmental management, especially in poor resource-dependent communities. To better understand the dynamics of social resilience, we have conducted a primarily qualitative study of communities dependent on hilsa fishing in two coastal villages in southern Bangladesh. This study applies concepts of social-ecological system (SES), social resilience and co-management in outlining our qualitative data and framing its interpretation. Our findings show that while the establishment of hilsa sanctuary areas has enhanced the previously low ecological sustainability of local small-scale fishing, the management of this program has challenged the social resilience of hilsa fishers by creating new inequalities in the distribution of power and privilege, in terms of the ways in which seasonal fishing bans are enforced and compensation for income loss during the ban periods is distributed. Based on our findings, we suggest specific measures for strengthening social resilience at the local level, including building community networks, developing community infrastructures, updating existing rules and regulations, providing alternative means of generating income for fishers during the crisis periods (e.g. natural disasters and fishing ban periods) and more active sharing of responsibility between stakeholders and government for management of the hilsa fishery. These findings are also applicable to understanding the issues beyond rules and regulations that co-management arrangements need to address in order to be successful and to enhancing the function of co-management arrangements in improving social resilience within resource-dependent communities.

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Using social–ecological syndromes to understand impacts of international seafood trade on small-scale fisheries

Global Environmental Change ◽

10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.07.006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 162-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

B.I. Crona ◽

T. Van Holt ◽

M. Petersson ◽

T.M. Daw ◽

E. Buchary

Keyword(s):

Small Scale ◽

Small Scale Fisheries ◽

Social Ecological

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SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF SEAGRASS AND SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES CONNECTIVITY IN MALANG RAPAT AND BERAKIT VILLAGES, BINTAN DISTRICT, RIAU ISLANDS

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.29244/jitkt.v7i2.10992 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Nur Arkham ◽

Luky Adrianto ◽

Yusli Wardiatno

Keyword(s):

Social Factors ◽

Ecological System ◽

Easy Access ◽

Small Scale ◽

Small Scale Fisheries ◽

Fish Resources ◽

Ecosystem Connectivity ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Seagrass Ecosystem ◽

The Social

Seagrass ecosystem has important roles in ecological and social factors to support fisherman income. The purpose of this research was to map the social-ecological system connectivity of seagrass with small-scale fisheries with networks perspective, to identify social-ecological connectivity of seagrass with fisheries resource availability approaches in small-scale fisheries, and to estimate the benefits of fish resources relation to seagrass ecosystem in Malang Rapat and Berakit vilages. Social-ecological system connectivity of seagrass was proven by the spatial distribution of fishing areas, networks map markets, and dynamics of small-scale fisheries catches in the study site. Social-ecocoligal connectivity of seagrass was also proven by fish catches dominated by Siganidae, Scaridae, Lethrinidae, and Lutjanidae families. The fishermen income was supported by seagrass ecosystem connectivity which contributed revenue from fish catches totally Rp 202,124,00/day in Malang Rapat village and Rp. 193,151,00/day in Berakit village. Other benefit of seagrass ecosystem located nearby the beach was that the fishermen can have an easy access or less fuel for fishing operation.Keywords: seagrass ecosystem, network map, connectivity, small-scale fisheries, social-ecological system, Riau islands

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Small-scale manjuba fishery around Cardoso Island State Park, SP, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842006000600003 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 963-973 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

T. A. Cardoso ◽

N. Nordi

Keyword(s):

Fishery Management ◽

Small Scale ◽

Management Technique ◽

Fishing Gear ◽

Economic Aspects ◽

Fishing Community ◽

State Legislation ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Island State

This work was carried out in the Enseada da Baleia and Vila Rápida communities. Data was provided by the Co-Management Committee of the Cardoso Island State Park (PEIC) on manjuba fishery management, technique and strategies used by the fishermen, as well as locally accumulated knowledge. Based on the results, social, ecological, and economic aspects of this type of fishing were analyzed. The importance of the accumulated knowledge and experience of this community, as well as the limitations imposed by local fishing gear, was concluded to be essential in conserving manjuba fishery conditions in the area. Industrial fishing, relevant state legislation, and market conditions were found to be the main obstacles to local fishery. Various proposals are suggested for manjuba fishery management, with emphasis on the need for fishing community participation in whatever measures are ultimately implemented.

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