scholarly journals Problematic Smartphone Use and Mental Health in Chinese Adults: A Population-Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningyuan Guo ◽  
Tzu Tsun Luk ◽  
Sai Yin Ho ◽  
Jung Jae Lee ◽  
Chen Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Mental Well Being

Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has been associated with anxiety and depression, but few explored its mental well-being correlates that could co-occur with or be independent of mental symptoms. We studied the associations of PSU with anxiety, depression, and mental well-being in Hong Kong Chinese adults in a probability-based survey (N = 4054; 55.0% females; mean age ± SD 48.3 ± 18.3 years). PSU was measured using Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version. Anxiety and depression symptoms were evaluated using General Anxiety Disorder screener-2 (GAD-2) and Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). Mental well-being was measured using Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) and Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (SWEMWBS). Multivariable regression analyzed associations adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle-related variables. Associations of PSU with mental well-being were stratified by symptom severity of anxiety (GAD-2 cutoff of 3) and depression (PHQ-2 cutoff of 3). We found that PSU was associated with higher odds of anxiety and depression symptom severity and lower scores of SHS and SWEMWBS. Associations of PSU with lower SHS and SWEMWBS scores remained in respondents who screened negative for anxiety or depression symptoms. To conclude, PSU was associated with anxiety, depression, and impaired mental well-being. Associations of PSU with impaired mental well-being could be independent of anxiety or depression symptoms.

scholarly journals Sextech Use as a Potential Mental Health Reprieve: The Role of Anxiety, Depression, and Loneliness in Seeking Sex Online

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 8924
Author(s):  
Alexandra S. Marcotte ◽  
Ellen M. Kaufman ◽  
Jessica T. Campbell ◽  
Tania A. Reynolds ◽  
Justin R. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Important Pathway ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Mental Well Being

Depression, anxiety, and loneliness have long been recognized as global mental health concerns. To temporarily relieve psychological distress, self-soothing behavior is common, including engagement in sexual behaviors that are linked to positive mental well-being. Considering the COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated many mental health ailments alongside physical distancing regulations, we specifically examined online sexual behavior via the use of emergent digital sexual technologies, or sextech. In a 2019 study of 8004 American adults, we assessed whether people experiencing higher anxiety, depression, and/or loneliness were more likely to engage in sextech use. Furthermore, we examined whether anxiety or depression mediated the association between loneliness and sextech use, as loneliness is one contributor to anxiety and depression. People with higher anxiety and depression were more likely to engage in sextech. However, those who were more lonely were less likely to engage with sextech, suggesting the aforementioned patterns were not due to lack of social connection. Our findings suggest people with mental health struggles may be drawn to interactive, digital forms of sexual behavior as a means of alleviating symptoms through distraction or self-soothing. This insight offers an important pathway for expanding the scope of mental health interventions, particularly as technology becomes increasingly prevalent and accessible in everyday life.

scholarly journals An Empirical Assessment of REBT Models of Psychopathology and Psychological Health in the Prediction of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 600-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horea-Radu Oltean ◽  
Philip Hyland ◽  
Frédérique Vallières ◽  
Daniel Ovidiu David
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Aims: This study aimed to assess the validity of two models which integrate the cognitive (satisfaction with life) and affective (symptoms of anxiety and depression) aspects of subjective well-being within the framework of rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT) theory; specifically REBT's theory of psychopathology and theory of psychological health. Method: 397 Irish and Northern Irish undergraduate students completed measures of rational/irrational beliefs, satisfaction with life, and anxiety/depression symptoms. Structural equation modelling techniques were used in order to test our hypothesis within a cross-sectional design. Results: REBT's theory of psychopathology (χ2 = 373.78, d.f. = 163, p < .001; comparative fit index (CFI) = .92; Tucker Lewis index (TLI) = .91; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = .06 (95% CI = .05 to .07); standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = .07) and psychological health (χ2 = 371.89, d.f. = 181, p < .001; CFI = .93; TLI = .92; RMSEA = .05 (95% CI = .04 to .06); SRMR = .06) provided acceptable fit of the data. Moreover, the psychopathology model explained 34% of variance in levels of anxiety/depression, while the psychological health model explained 33% of variance. Conclusions: This study provides important findings linking the fields of clinical and positive psychology within a comprehensible framework for both researchers and clinicians. Findings are discussed in relation to the possibility of more effective interventions, incorporating and targeting not only negative outcomes, but also positive concepts within the same model.

scholarly journals Self-Reported Screen Time on Social Networking Sites Associated With Problematic Smartphone Use in Chinese Adults: A Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningyuan Guo ◽  
Tzu Tsun Luk ◽  
Man Ping Wang ◽  
Sai Yin Ho ◽  
Daniel Yee Tak Fong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Independent Association

Background: Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has been associated with screen time in general, but little is known about the effect of different screen-based activities. We examined the associations of self-reported time spent on overall and specific screen-based activities with PSU and its addictive symptoms in Hong Kong Chinese adults.Methods: We analyzed data from 562 smartphone owners (56.5% female; 82.1% aged 25–64 years) in a population-based telephone survey in 2017. PSU was measured using Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (range 10–60) which includes symptoms of daily-life disturbance, withdrawal, cyberspace-oriented relationship, overuse, and tolerance. Screen time was self-reported as average hours per day spent on the internet, online book/newspaper/magazine, online video, and social networking sites (SNS). Multivariable linear regression analyzed the associations of self-reported screen time with PSU severity and symptoms. Interaction effects of sex, age group, educational attainment, and monthly household income were examined.Results: Self-reported time spent on overall screen-based activities was associated with PSU severity (β = 1.35, 95% CI 0.15, 2.55) and withdrawal and overuse symptoms, after adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related variables. Independent association was observed for self-reported SNS time with PSU severity (β = 1.42, 95% CI 0.35, 2.49) and symptoms of withdrawal and cyberspace-oriented relationship, after mutually adjusting for time on other activities. The strongest association between self-reported SNS time and PSU severity was observed in younger than older adults (β = 4.36, 95% CI 2.58, 6.13; P for interaction = 0.004).Conclusions: The independent association of self-reported SNS time with PSU and core addictive symptoms highlighted the addiction potential of SNS use, particularly in younger users.

Evaluation of Siddha Samadhi Yoga for Anxiety and Depression Symptoms: A Preliminary Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Harumi Kozasa ◽  
Ruth Ferreira Santos ◽  
Adriana Dourado Rueda ◽  
Ana Amélia Benedito-Silva ◽  
Felipe Leite De Moraes Ornellas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Yoga Group ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Siddha Samadhi Yoga is a program in which meditation is associated with pranayama (breathing exercises). 22 volunteers with anxiety complaints ( M age = 42.8 yr., SD = 10.3) were assigned to two groups: 14 attended the yoga group, and 8 attended a waiting-list or control group. They were evaluated before the intervention and 1 month after it on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, Tension Feelings Self-evaluation Scales, and the Well-being Self-evaluation Scales. A significant reduction in scores on anxiety, depression, and tension was found in yoga group, as well as an increase in well-being in comparison with the control group.

scholarly journals Bullying, social support and adolescents’ mental health: Results from a follow-up study

2020 ◽  
pp. 140349482092166
Author(s):  
Regine Ringdal ◽  
Hanne Nissen Bjørnsen ◽  
Geir Arild Espnes ◽  
Mary-Elizabeth Bradley Eilertsen ◽  
Unni Karin Moksnes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Being Bullied ◽  
Mental Well Being

Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the predictive roles of being bullied and perceived social support in association with adolescents’ mental health. Methods: At two time points, September 2016 and April–June 2017, questionnaires were distributed to students between 15 and 21 years of age in four upper-secondary schools in Norway, with a total sample size of 351. Random- and fixed-effects regression models were used to estimate the effects of being bullied and social support on adolescents’ mental health. Results: In the random-effects models, being bullied was associated with lower scores on mental well-being and higher scores on anxiety and depression symptoms. Social support from family and friends was associated with higher scores on mental well-being, as well as fewer anxiety and depression symptoms. However, the results from the fixed-effects model, with more realistic assumptions, indicated that being bullied was only associated with more anxiety and depression symptoms, while support from friends was associated with higher scores on mental well-being and fewer anxiety and depression symptoms. Conclusions: Based on the fixed-effects models, being bullied was associated with more anxiety and depression symptoms. However, being bullied was not significantly associated with mental well-being. Social support from family was not significantly associated with either aspects of mental health. Moreover, social support from friends was associated with higher scores on mental well-being and fewer anxiety and depression symptoms. The two sources of social support did not buffer the negative effects of being bullied on either aspect of mental health.

scholarly journals Internet Addiction, Problematic Smartphone Use and Psychological Health of Nigerian University Undergraduates

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Bede C. Akpunne ◽  
Olutope E. Akinnawo
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Significant Independent Predictor ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
University Undergraduates ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Aim: This study examined Internet Addiction (IA) and Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU) as predictors of severities of anxiety, depression and psychological distress among university undergraduates in Nigeria. Study Design: Exploratory /Descriptive survey design. Place and Duration of Study: Redeemer’s University Nigeria, between April and August 2018. Methodology: A total of 854 university undergraduates made up of 342 males and 512 females, mean age 20.5 years, were purposively selected from four universities in Osun state, southwestern Nigeria. Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Smartphone Addiction Scale – Short Version (SAS-SV), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were used for data collection.  Results: Observed prevalence of studied variables among respondents are: Internet Addiction (IA) 48.6%, Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU) (47.4%), anxiety disorder (50.6%), depression (49.8%) and psychological distress (47.6%). IA independently and significantly predicted severities of anxiety disorder (R² = .01, p = .025), depression (R² = .057, p = .000) and psychological distress (R² = .105, p = .000). PSU independently and significantly predicted severities of depression (R² = .073, p = .000) and psychological distress (R² = .094, p = .000). However PSU failed to significantly predict severity of anxiety disorder (R² = .00, p = .650) among the participants. Conclusion: High prevalence of IA, PSU, anxiety disorder, depression and psychological distress exist among the participants. IA is a significant independent predictor of anxiety, depression and psychological distress. PSU is a significant independent predictor of depression and psychological distress but is not a significant predictor anxiety disorder among Nigerian undergraduates.

scholarly journals Exploring the Frequency of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in a Brazilian Sample during the COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4847
Author(s):  
Fabiana Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Flávia H. Santos ◽  
Luis Anunciação ◽  
Lucas Barrozo ◽  
Jesus Landeira-Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Brazilian Sample

The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency of international concern, and the main measures to contain the spread of the coronavirus causing COVID-19 were social distancing, quarantine, and self-isolation. Although these policies are effective in containing the spread of the virus, they might represent a challenge to psychological well-being, increasing levels of depressive and anxiety-related symptoms. Aims: We explored the frequency of anxiety and depression symptoms during COVID-19 restrictions and associations with sociodemographic factors in a Brazilian sample. Method: Data of a total of 936 Brazilian adults (68.2% women) aged 18 to 77 years old (M = 38.95, SD = 13.91) were collected through an online survey. Results: In general, we observed a frequency of 17.36% for severe anxiety and 66.13% for severe depression symptoms, in which younger participants (18–39 years old) and women showed higher scores in anxiety and depression scales compared to older age groups. Logistic regressions showed that women were more likely to present severe symptoms of anxiety (20.4%) compared to men (10.9%), as well as respondents in the educational sector (24.3%) compared to those in the health sector (10%). Conclusions: We highlight the importance of mental health professionals in developing strategies to help younger adults to mitigate the effects of social restriction.

scholarly journals The characteristics of anxiety and depression symptom severity in older adults living in public housing

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Simning ◽  
Yeates Conwell ◽  
Susan G. Fisher ◽  
Thomas M. Richardson ◽  
Edwin van Wijngaarden
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Housing Residents

ABSTRACTBackground:Anxiety and depression are common in older adult public housing residents and frequently co-occur. To understand anxiety and depression more fully in this socioeconomically disadvantaged population, this study relies on the Social Antecedent Model of Psychopathology to characterize anxiety and depression symptoms concurrently.Methods:190 public housing residents aged 60 years and older in Rochester, New York, participated in a research interview during which they reported on variables across the six stages of the Social Antecedent Model. GAD-7 and PHQ-9 assessed anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively.Results:In these older adult residents, anxiety and depression symptom severity scores were correlated (r = 0.61; p < 0.001). Correlates of anxiety and depression symptom severity were similar for both outcomes and spanned the six stages of the Social Antecedent Model. Multivariate linear regression models identified age, medical comorbidity, mobility, social support, maladaptive coping, and recent life events severity as statistically significant correlates. The regression models accounted for 43% of anxiety and 48% of depression symptom variability.Conclusions:In public housing residents, late-life anxiety and depression symptoms were moderately correlated. Anxiety symptom severity correlates were largely consistent with those found for depression symptom severity. The broad distribution of correlates across demographic, social, medical, and behavioral domains suggests that the context of late-life anxiety and depression symptomatology in public housing is complex and that multidisciplinary collaborative care approaches may be warranted in future interventions.

scholarly journals Validation of the Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities-Revised Scale in Chinese Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3959
Author(s):  
Wenjie Li ◽  
Linting Zhang ◽  
Ning Jia ◽  
Feng Kong
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Chinese Undergraduates

The Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities-Revised scale (HEMA-R) is one of the most extensively used instruments to assess how people pursue well-being. The main aims of the present research were to translate HEMA-R into Chinese and test its construct and predictive validity as well as measurement invariance across gender. In Study 1, we conducted confirmatory factor analysis with data containing 1090 Chinese undergraduates, and replicated the two-factor model which has been found in other studies. Furthermore, the measurement invariance across gender was supported throughout the multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. Study 2 replicated these results and further found the HEMA-R had satisfactory predictive validity in measures of well-being, social support and smartphone addiction. All the findings indicate that the HEMA-R is reliable and valid to measure hedonic and eudaimonic motives, and it could be applied generally across gender in Chinese adults.

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