scholarly journals Female Infertility Associated with Blood Lead and Cadmium Levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohyae Lee ◽  
Jin-young Min ◽  
Kyoung-bok Min
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Blood Cadmium ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Lead and cadmium are known to be potential female reproductive toxins. However, studies on the relationship between these metals and infertility are limited. This study examines the association between self-reported infertility and blood lead and cadmium levels in US women by comparing metal levels in infertile and pregnant women. Data on blood lead, blood cadmium, and infertility from women aged 20–39 years who participated in the 2013–2014 and 2015–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were analyzed (n = 124, ‘pregnant’ n = 42, ‘infertile’ n = 82). Blood lead and cadmium levels were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and infertility and pregnancy status were assessed using a self-reported questionnaire. Low blood lead and cadmium levels (geometric mean of blood lead = 0.50 µg/dL and blood cadmium = 0.26 µg/L) were positively associated with self-reported infertility after adjusting for confounding effects (odds ratio (OR) for lead per two-fold increase in blood metal levels = 2.60; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.05–6.41 and OR for cadmium per two-fold increase = 1.84; 95% CI, 1.07–3.15). Although our findings require confirmation, they suggest that even low blood cadmium and lead levels may be deleterious to female fecundity.

scholarly journals Follow-Up of Elevated Blood Lead Levels and Sources in a Cohort of Children in Benin

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8689
Author(s):  
Shukrullah Ahmadi ◽  
Barbara Le Bot ◽  
Roméo Zoumenou ◽  
Séverine Durand ◽  
Nadine Fiévet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Sub Saharan

Lead exposure is associated with poor cognitive development in children. Very few studies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have studied blood lead levels (BLLs) and non-gasoline sources of exposure in children. Data from a birth cohort in Benin (2011–2013) suggested that 58% of 1-year-old children had BLLs > 50 ug/L. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of elevated BLLs (>50 µg/L and >100 µg /L) among 425 of these children at 6 years of age in 2016–2018 and to compare BLLs between age 1 and 6 years, and study sources of lead at age 6 years. BLLs were analysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multiple linear regression and quantile regressions were used to study potential sources of lead. The prevalence of BLLs > 50 µg/L in children was 59.5% (Geometric Mean (GM) 56.4 µg/L, 95% CI: 54.1–58.7) at 6 years of age compared to 54.8% (GM 56.5 µg/L, 95% CI: 53.4–59.6) at 1 year of age. The prevalence of children with BLLs > 100 µg/L decreased from 14.4% at 1 year of age to 8.2% at 6 years of age. After adjustment for all other covariates, consumption of peanuts more than once per month was significantly associated with a 22.0% (95% CI: 4.6, 42.5) increment in BLLs at age 6 years compared with no consumption. Consumption of bushmeat killed by lead bullets at age 6 years was associated with an increase in the higher percentiles of BLLs (P75) compared with the absence of this source. Other potential sources of lead associated with BLLs with marginal significance were consumption of rice, paternal occupational exposure, and the presence of activity with the potential use of lead. This prospective cohort confirms the persistently high prevalence of elevated BLLs in children residing in a rural region in the south of Benin, as well as the presence of multiple and continuous sources of lead. These results highlight the need for prevention programs to reduce and eliminate lead exposure in children.

scholarly journals Cadmium and Lead Levels in Blood and Arsenic Levels in Urine among Schoolchildren Living in Contaminated Glassworks Areas, Sweden

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7382
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Mattisson ◽  
Eva Tekavec ◽  
Thomas Lundh ◽  
Emilie Stroh
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Inorganic As ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

The Kingdom of Crystal, an area in southern Sweden famous for its many glassworks, is historically heavily burdened by pollution from this industry. Glass crust containing cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As) has been deposited around the area and used as filling. The purpose of this study was to monitor whether the high levels of metals in the contaminated soil were reflected in blood and urine among school children in this area. Blood and urine samples were collected from 87 children in 2017. The levels of cadmium (Cd-B) and lead (Pb-B) found in blood were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The speciation of As in urine (As-U) was performed by ion chromatography. The geometric mean of Cd-B and Pb-B among the children were 0.09 μg/L and 9.9 μg/L respectively. The geometric mean of inorganic As (AsIII and AsV) with metabolites in urine was 6.1 μg/L and 6.94 μg/g creatinine. Children in the study area had blood levels of Pb and Cd that correspond to levels generally found in Swedish children. The levels of inorganic As and its metabolites in urine were low and in the same magnitude as other children in Europe and the U.S.

Non-occupational Lead and Cadmium Exposure and Blood Pressure in Thai Men

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sirivarasai ◽  
S. Kaojarern ◽  
W. Wananukul ◽  
W. Deechakwan ◽  
P. Srisomerarn
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Blood Cadmium ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Blood Cadmium Levels

In this study, the effects of low level exposure to lead and cadmium on blood pressure among 212 men have been examined. The mean age was 41 years (range 34-53). The means of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 126 (range 94-159) and 78 (range 58-117) mmHg, respectively. Blood lead concentration ranged from 144.31 to 779.34 ηmol/L with a geometric mean (GM) of 363.11 ηmol/L. Blood cadmium levels ranged from 1.33-37.81ηmol/L with GM of 8.09 ηmol/L. For stepwise regression analysis, an increase in systolic blood pressure was significantly predictive by an increasing blood lead ( p<0.001) whereas blood cadmium showed no significant correlation with blood pressure. Body mass index and alcohol consumption also contributed to both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. These findings also supported our proposal concerning the association between blood lead and blood pressure. Asia Pac J Public Health 2004; 16(2): 133-137.

scholarly journals Association of blood heavy metal levels with osteocalcin abnormality and incidence of osteoporosis in Saudi subjects

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Banjabi ◽  
K. Kannan ◽  
T. A. Kumosani ◽  
J. M. Yousef ◽  
K. O. Abulnaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lead ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Abstract Serum toxic metals have been implicated in development of many diseases. This study investigated the association between blood levels of lead and cadmium with abnormal bone mineral density (BMD) and incidence of osteoporosis. Sixty Saudi male adults age matching were assigned into two groups: A healthy control group (n = 30) and osteoporosis patients diagnosed according to T-score (n = 30). Serum calcium, vitamin D, osteocalcin, lead, cadmium were measured. Osteoporotic group showed a highly significant elevation of blood lead and cadmium levels compared to the control group (p <0.001). BMD was negatively correlated with serum osteocalcin level compared with control. There was a significant negative correlation between the cadmium and lead levels (r=-0.465 and p-value = 0.01) and calcium (p < 0.004). Our findings suggested that high cadmium and lead were negative correlated to BMD and increased the risk factor for osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Micronutrient and Metal Content of Dried Oysters in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 796-796
Author(s):  
Alyssa Abreu ◽  
Marta Gomez-Chiarri ◽  
Brietta Oaks
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Abstract Objectives Oysters are potentially a good nutrition source but have the risk of being contaminated with toxic environmental metals. Micronutrient and metal levels in oysters in Ghana are currently unknown. Our objectives were to determine the micronutrient status and metal content of oysters in Ghana. Methods A total of 10 dried oysters originating near the Densu River in Ghana were analyzed in bulk by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for 12 micronutrients and 5 metals, including iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). Results Micronutrient content (mean ± SD) of the oysters included Fe (40 ± 11 mg/100 g), Zn (158 ± 61 mg/100 g), Mg (531 ± 65 mg/100 g), Ca (203 ± 87 mg/100 g), P (881 ± 189 mg/100 g), K (255 ± 51 mg/100 g), Mn (5 ± 2 mg/100 g), Cr (0.28 ± 0.05 mg/100 g), Co (9 ± 3 mg/100 g), Ni (0.17 ± 0.04 mg/100 g), Cu (7 ± 2 mg/100 g) and Se (0.23 ± 0.03 mg/100 g). The metal content of the oysters included Cd (96 ± 26 µg/100 g), Pb (59 ± 11 µg/100 g), V (108 ± 32 µg/100 g), and As (446 ± 67 µg/100 g). Conclusions Dried oysters from Ghana are an excellent source of iron and zinc. These oysters were also contaminated with cadmium and lead. Our data supports that cadmium and lead levels may be a health concern for people in Ghana who consume dried oysters. This research supports further sampling on dried oysters in Ghana. Funding Sources University of Rhode Island start-up grant, awarded to Dr. Brietta M. Oaks.

scholarly journals Correlation between levels of airborne endotoxin and heavy metals in subway environments in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungho Hwang ◽  
So-Yeon Kim ◽  
Sangjun Choi ◽  
Sangwon Lee ◽  
Dong-Uk Park
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Mass Spectrometers ◽  
Underground Tunnel ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Airborne Endotoxins

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the exposure levels and variation in airborne endotoxin and heavy metals such as aluminum, chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), zinc, and lead (Pb) in the three different South Korean subway environments (driver room, station office, and underground tunnel) and identify subway characteristics influencing endotoxin and heavy metals levels. Air samples were collected and analyzed using the kinetic Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers. The geometric mean was determined for endotoxin levels (0.693 EU/m3). It was also found that Fe (5.070 µg/m3) had the highest levels in subway environments while Pb (0.008 µg/m3) had the lowest levels. Endotoxin levels were higher in the underground tunnel and lower in the station office; the total heavy metal levels showed the same pattern with endotoxin levels. Endotoxins and total heavy metal levels were higher in the morning than at night. Positive correlations were found between endotoxin and Cr, Fe, Mn, and Ni levels. Given the correlation between airborne endotoxins and heavy metals, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to identify the correlation between levels of airborne endotoxin and heavy metals.

scholarly journals Determination of Some Heavy Metals in Soils and Vegetables Samples from Kericho West Sub-county, Kenya

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Bett ◽  
Ongera Gilbert ◽  
Wangila Phanice ◽  
Shadrack Mule
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

The present study was carried out to investigated the presence of heavy metals (essential and non- essential); Pb, Fe, Cu, Mn and Cd in soils and vegetables such as Brassica oleracea, Brassica oleracea Acephala and Amaranthus palmeri. These soils and vegetables were collected randomly from local farms in Kericho West Sub-County. The samples were analysed for heavy metal by Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrophotometer (ICPE 9000) to determine the levels of the heavy metals. The mean concentrations of the heavy metals ranged in vegetables:- Manganese (86.33-113.00 mg/kg), Copper (15.67-36.00 mg/kg), Iron (319.33-977.67 mg/kg), Cadmium (10.33-29.00 mg/kg) and Lead (31.67-53.67 mg/kg) as well as in the soils; Mn (172.33-201.00 mg/kg), Cu (1.33-3.33 mg/kg), Fe (63.67-98.00 mg/kg), Cd (3.67-5.33 mg/kg) and Pb (5.00-5.67 mg/kg). The data obtained was analysed by using SPSS version 20.0 for descriptive statistics and one- way ANOVA. From the analysis of heavy metals in vegetables, from Sosiot the concentration of Manganese and copper were significantly different at p-value < 0.05, while Iron, Cadmium, Lead and Manganese were not significantly different at p-value > 0.05; from Kabianga Division, Manganese and Iron were significantly different at p-value < 0.05. Copper, Lead and Cadmium were not significantly different at p-value > 0.05; from Kiptere Division, Manganese, Iron and Copper had no significant difference at p-value < 0.05. Cadmium and lead were significantly different at p-value > 0.05. Manganese had the lowest transfer factor between 0.42 and 1.15. The highest ratios were observed from copper ranging from 15.67 to 36.00 in all vegetables.

scholarly journals Urinary Concentrations of Metals and Metalloids in Malaysian Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zurahanim Fasha Anual ◽  
Noraishah Mohammad Sham ◽  
Rashidah Ambak ◽  
Fatimah Othman ◽  
Rafiza Shaharudin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metals And Metalloids ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Academic Qualification ◽  
Metal Levels

AbstractExposure to environmental pollutants in humans can be conducted through direct measurement of biological media such as blood, urine or hair. Assessment studies of metals and metalloids in Malaysia is very scarce although cross-sectional nationwide human biomonitoring surveys have been established by the USA, Canada, Germany, Spain, France, and Korea. This study aims to assess urinary metal levels namely cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) among Malaysian adults. This was a cross-sectional study involving 1440 adults between the age of 18 and 88 years old. After excluding those with 24 h urine samples of less than 500 ml, urine creatinine levels < 0.3 or > 3.0 g/L and those who refuse to participate in the study, a total of 817 respondents were included for analysis. A questionnaire with socio-demographic information such as age, gender, occupation, ethnic, academic qualification and medical history was administered to the respondents. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected in a container before being transported at 4 °C to the laboratory. Samples were then aliquoted into 15 ml tubes and kept at − 80 °C until further analysis. Urine was diluted ten-fold with ultrapure water, filtered and analysed for metals and metalloids using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The geometric mean of urinary As, Ni, Cd and Pb concentrations among adults in Malaysia was 48.21, 4.37, 0.32, and 0.80 µg/L, respectively. Males showed significantly higher urinary metal concentrations compared to females for As, Cd and Pb except for Ni. Those who resided in rural areas exhibited significantly higher As, Cd and Pb urinary concentrations than those who resided in urban areas. As there are no nationwide data on urinary metals, findings from this study could be used to identify high exposure groups, thus enabling policy makers to improve public health strategically.

scholarly journals Trace Metal Levels in Vehicle Air and Pollen Filter Dusts by the BCR Extraction Procedure

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Altundağ ◽  
Mustafa Şahin Dündar ◽  
Can Serkan Keskin
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Air Filters ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The availability of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Fe and Zn of dust from vehicle air and pollen filters were investigated by four-step BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction procedure. The acid-soluble, reducible, oxidizable, residual extracts were measured by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results indicated that both of air and pollen filter dusts contained higher concentration of Fe. To estimate the accuracy of the method the standard reference material BCR 701 was used. The results for recovery all the elements were found in the range 95.4-101.3%. The mean concentrations [μg/g] of trace elements in dusts from air filters/pollen filters were: cadmium 16.72/17.56; cobalt 24.22/23.72; chromium 46.02/55.44; copper 44.92/37.67; iron 1868.03/1854.92; manganese 231.2/213.64; nickel 38.89/45.27; lead 60.99/67.17; zinc 199.58/201.25. The results obtained are in agreement with data reported in the literature.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF TRACE METALS DUE TO THE PRODUCTION AND USE OF DIESEL THROUGH THE AIR QUALITY MONITORING OF IMPACTED AREAS

2009 ◽  
Vol 06 (12) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Josiane LOYOLA ◽  
Simone Lorena QUITERIO ◽  
Viviane ESCALEIRA ◽  
Graciela ARBILLA
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Total Particulate Matter ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Light Duty Vehicles

The petroleum industry has difficulties to assess the trace metal content in liquid fuels. In this work, it is proposed to solve this problem determining these metals by collecting particulate matter atmospheric samples and analysing their metal content. Samples of total particulate matter and of inhalable particles (PM10) were collected in a bus station in the period August 2006-February 2007. The only significant emission source in that location are the buses, fueled by diesel, since light duty vehicles account for about 1-2% of the total vehicular flux and no other activities are developed in the area. Metal levels were determined by ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy). Ca, Mg, Fe and Al were the most abundant compounds, and account for about 50.1%, 24.2%, 6.5% and 18.7%, respectively, of the metal contain. Co, Ni, Cd, Cr and Pb were under their detection limits, except for a few samples. Ca, Mg, Zn and Cu were determined in higher ratios that those currently find in crustal materials indicating that these elements may have important combustion sources and are enriched in the soil.

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