scholarly journals Biotic and Abiotic Factors Influencing Arsenic Biogeochemistry and Toxicity in Fluvial Ecosystems: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2331
Author(s):  
Laura Barral-Fraga ◽  
María Teresa Barral ◽  
Keeley L. MacNeill ◽  
Diego Martiñá-Prieto ◽  
Soizic Morin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Trophic Relations ◽  
Fluvial Systems ◽  
Pampean Streams ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Different Origins

This review is focused on the biogeochemistry of arsenic in freshwaters and, especially, on the key role that benthic microalgae and prokaryotic communities from biofilms play together in through speciation, distribution, and cycling. These microorganisms incorporate the dominant iAs (inorganic arsenic) form and may transform it to other arsenic forms through metabolic or detoxifying processes. These transformations have a big impact on the environmental behavior of arsenic because different chemical forms exhibit differences in mobility and toxicity. Moreover, exposure to toxicants may alter the physiology and structure of biofilms, leading to changes in ecosystem function and trophic relations. In this review we also explain how microorganisms (i.e., biofilms) can influence the effects of arsenic exposure on other key constituents of aquatic ecosystems such as fish. At the end, we present two real cases of fluvial systems with different origins of arsenic exposure (natural vs. anthropogenic) that have improved our comprehension of arsenic biogeochemistry and toxicity in freshwaters, the Pampean streams (Argentina) and the Anllóns River (Galicia, Spain). We finish with a briefly discussion of what we consider as future research needs on this topic. This work especially contributes to the general understanding of biofilms influencing arsenic biogeochemistry and highlights the strong impact of nutrient availability on arsenic toxicity for freshwater (micro) organisms.

scholarly journals Arsenic Exposure and Cancer-Related Proteins in Urine of Indigenous Bolivian Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica De Loma ◽  
Anda R. Gliga ◽  
Michael Levi ◽  
Franz Ascui ◽  
Jacques Gardon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Arsenic Metabolites ◽  
Related Proteins

Indigenous people living in the Bolivian Andes are exposed through their drinking water to inorganic arsenic, a potent carcinogen. However, the health consequences of arsenic exposure in this region are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between arsenic exposure and changes in cancer-related proteins in indigenous women (n = 176) from communities around the Andean Lake Poopó, Bolivia. Arsenic exposure was assessed in whole blood (B-As) and urine (as the sum of arsenic metabolites, U-As) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Cancer-related proteins (N = 92) were measured in urine using the proximity extension assay. The median B-As concentration was 2.1 (range 0.60–9.1) ng/g, and U-As concentration was 67 (12–399) μg/L. Using linear regression models adjusted for age, urinary osmolality, and urinary leukocytes, we identified associations between B-As and four putative cancer-related proteins: FASLG, SEZ6L, LYPD3, and TFPI2. Increasing B-As concentrations were associated with lower protein expression of SEZ6L, LYPD3, and TFPI2, and with higher expression of FASLG in urine (no association was statistically significant after correcting for multiple comparisons). The associations were similar across groups with different arsenic metabolism efficiency, a susceptibility factor for arsenic toxicity. In conclusion, arsenic exposure in this region was associated with changes in the expression of some cancer-related proteins in urine. Future research is warranted to understand if these proteins could serve as valid biomarkers for arsenic-related toxicity.

Inorganic arsenic exposure affects pain behavior and inflammatory response in rat

2008 ◽  
Vol 229 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
P AGUIRREBANUELOS ◽  
C ESCUDEROLOURDES ◽  
L SANCHEZPENA ◽  
L DELRAZO ◽  
J PEREZURIZAR
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Pain Behavior

scholarly journals A risk–benefit analysis approach to seafood intake to determine optimal consumption

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (12) ◽  
pp. 1812-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Sirot ◽  
Jean-Charles Leblanc ◽  
Irène Margaritis
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Food Contaminants ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Contaminant Exposure ◽  
Consumption Level ◽  
Risk Benefit Analysis

Seafood provides n-3 long-chain PUFA (n-3 LC-PUFA), vitamins and minerals, which are essential to maintain good health. Moreover, seafood is a source of contaminants such as methylmercury, arsenic and persistent organic pollutants that may affect health. The aim of the present study was to determine in what quantities seafood consumption would provide nutritional benefits, while minimising the risks linked to food contaminants. Seafood was grouped into clusters using a hierarchical cluster analysis. Those nutrients and contaminants were selected for which it is known that seafood is a major source. The risk–benefit analysis consisted in using an optimisation model with constraints to calculate optimum seafood cluster consumption levels. The goal was to optimise nutrient intakes as well as to limit contaminant exposure with the condition being to attain recommended nutritional intakes without exceeding tolerable upper intakes for contaminants and nutrients, while taking into account background intakes. An optimum consumption level was calculated for adults that minimises inorganic arsenic exposure and increases vitamin D intake in the general population. This consumption level guarantees that the consumer reaches the recommended intake for n-3 LC-PUFA, Se and I, while remaining below the tolerable upper intakes for methylmercury, Cd, dioxins, polychlorobiphenyls, Zn, Ca and Cu. This consumption level, which is approximately 200 g/week of certain fatty fish species and approximately 50 g/week of lean fish, molluscs and crustaceans, has to be considered in order to determine food consumption recommendations in a public health perspective.

The effects of user generated content and traditional reference groups on purchase intentions of young consumers: A comparative study on electronic products

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-702
Author(s):  
Hala O. Al-Rawabdeh ◽  
Hamad Ghadir ◽  
Ghaith Al-Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Electronic Products ◽  
Young Consumers ◽  
Survey Strategy ◽  
Post Purchase ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of post-purchase user generated content (UGC) and traditional reference groups on the purchase intentions for electronic products (e-products) among young consumers in Jordan. To achieve this, a descriptive methodology was adapted, with a quantitative approach and survey strategy utilizing a five-point Likert scale questionnaire distributed to 450 university and college students in Jordan. 400 filtered and screened copies underwent statistical analyses. SPSS version 21 was utilized to describe and analyze the data. The results revealed a strong impact of post-purchase UGC on purchase intentions of e-products among young consumers. The results also revealed that traditional reference groups have a lower significant impact on the purchase intentions of young consumers, indicating that young consumers rely on online communities more than they rely on family, friends, colleagues, and other social organizations. The findings are discussed with a view to their implications, with recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals Association between Multi-level Inorganic Arsenic Exposure from Drinking Water and Skin Lesions in China

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Guo ◽  
Yoshihisa Fujino ◽  
Xiaolei Ye ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Takesumi Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Multi Level

scholarly journals Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic via Consumption of Herbs Collected in Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nuntawat Monboonpitak ◽  
Suthep Ruangwises ◽  
Sawanya Buranaphalin ◽  
Nongluck Ruangwises
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Probabilistic Risk Assessment ◽  
Total Arsenic ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Probabilistic Risk

Total and inorganic arsenic contents in ten commonly consumed Thai herbs, namely, bird’s eye chili, cayenne pepper, celery, garlic, holy basil, kitchen mint, lemongrass, pepper, shallot, and sweet basil, were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry coupled with a hydride generation system (HG-AAS). Total arsenic contents in fresh herbs and lyophilized herbs ranged from 3.39 to 119 ng/g wet weight (wet wt) and from 41.0 to 156 ng/g dry weight (dry wt), respectively. Inorganic arsenic contents in fresh herbs and lyophilized herbs ranged from 2.09 to 26.9 ng/g (wet wt) and from 23.5 to 55.5 ng/g (dry wt), respectively. Percentages of inorganic arsenic to total arsenic in herbs ranged from 22.7 to 62.0%. High percentages of inorganic arsenic to total arsenic were found in celery, lemongrass and sweet basil. Total arsenic contents in the studied herbs were lower than the maximum limits of Thai and Chinese regulatory standards, set at 2,000 ng/g in foods (excluding aquatic animals and seafood) and 500 ng/g in fresh vegetables, respectively. Total and inorganic arsenic contents in the studied herbs were comparable to or lower than the levels found in other studies in the EU and China. Lifetime average daily dose (LADD) and cancer risk (CR) of inorganic arsenic exposure to commonly consumed herbs were evaluated using probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) by @RISK software version 6.0 of Palisade cooperation. All calculated LADD and CR values from all herbs did not exceed the acceptable levels. It can be concluded that there were very low cancer risks of inorganic arsenic exposure from the consumption of the studied herbs.

scholarly journals Water Management for Improving Pearl Millet Production under Irrigated Environment: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveen Kumar ◽  
Amit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dry Land

Pearl millet also called “poor man food” is known for its drought resistance, well adaptation to harsh conditions like soils with poor water holding capacity, low nutrient status, problematic soils, etc. Irrigation has been recognized as a basic necessity for sustaining high productivity of various crops. Moreover, it affects the crop yield directly as well as indirectly by increasing their response to other inputs including fertilizers and various management practices. It is well known that water deficit is one of the major abiotic factors limiting crop productivity in the semi-arid tropics. Out of the various production constraints; low productivity of pearl millet is mainly attributed to its cultivation under dry land conditions and improper water management under irrigated conditions. So application of irrigation water offers the scope for improving the quality as well as productivity of pearl millet. Therefore, to augment the productivity of the poor’s man crop, review of the research work related to irrigation scheduling and moisture conservation practices of pearl millet has been presented here for directing the future research.

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