scholarly journals A Comparison of Infection Venues of COVID-19 Case Clusters in Northeast China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Zhao ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Yuguo Li
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control

The world has been suffering from the COVID-19 pandemic since late 2019. In this study, we compared various types of infection locations in which COVID-19 cases clustered, based on the data from three adjacent provinces in Northeast China. The collected data include all officially reported cases in this area until 8 March 2020. We explored the associations between the cases and the frequency of infection locations. The COVID-19 epidemic situation was worse in Heilongjiang Province than in Liaoning and Jilin Provinces. Most clustered cases occurred in individual families and/or between relatives. The transmission in public venues served as a hub for transmitting the disease to other families and results in new clusters. The public transport spread the infection over long distances by transporting infected individuals, and most infections did not seem to occur within vehicles. This field study shows the effect of indoor environments on SARS-CoV-2 transmission and our data may be useful in developing guidance for future disease prevention and control.

scholarly journals The problems of increasing transparency on uncertainty

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Osman ◽  
Amanda J. Heath ◽  
Ragnar Löfstedt
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Scientific Process ◽  
The Public ◽  
And Control ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Practical Implications

Public regulators (such as European Food Safety Authority, European Medicines Agency, and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control) are placing increasing demands on scientists to make uncertainties about their evidence transparent to the public. The stated goal is utilitarian, to inform and empower the public and ensure the accountability of policy and decision-making around the use of scientific evidence. However, it is questionable what constitutes uncertainty around the evidence on any given topic, and, while the goal is laudable, we argue the drive to increase transparency on uncertainty of the scientific process specifically does more harm than good, and may not serve the interests of those intended. While highlighting some of the practical implications of making uncertainties transparent using current guidelines, the aim is to discuss what could be done to make it worthwhile for both public and scientists.

scholarly journals European Commission and WHO discuss enhanced cooperation in the control of communicable disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Communicable Disease Control ◽  
Health Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

The importance of communicable disease control and health security, and in particular the establishment of a European centre for disease prevention and control, were stressed this week in a high level meeting between European Commissioners and the World Health Organization (WHO).

scholarly journals National Hand Hygiene Campaigns in Europe, 2000-2009

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
A P Magiorakos ◽  
C Suetens ◽  
L Boyd ◽  
C Costa ◽  
R Cunney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control

Hand hygiene represents the single most effective way to prevent healthcare-associated infections. The World Health Organization, as part of its First Global Patient Safety Challenge, recommends implementation of multi-faceted strategies to increase compliance with hand hygiene. A questionnaire was sent by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control to 30 European countries, regarding the availability and organisation of their national hand hygiene campaigns. All countries responded. Thirteen countries had organised at least one national campaign during the period 2000-2009 and three countries were in the process of organising a national campaign. Although the remaining countries did not have a national campaign, several reported regional and local hand hygiene activities or educational resources on national websites.

scholarly journals European Immunization week: 16-22 April

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Collective Editorial team
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
World Health ◽  
Immunisation Coverage ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control ◽  
World Health Organization Regional

European Immunization Week is due to take place this year between 16 and 22 April across the continent. The initiative, which is coordinated by the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (WHO Europe) with support from organisations such as the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), was conceived in 2004 as a result of declining or stabilising immunisation coverage and sporadic, large outbreaks of measles across the region.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in the EU and EEA/EFTA countries - what is the latest data telling us?

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Hollo ◽  
A Amato-Gauci ◽  
C Ködmön ◽  
D Manissero
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Eu ◽  
World Health Organization Regional

Since 1 January 2008, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (WHO/Europe) jointly coordinate the tuberculosis (TB) surveillance activities in Europe. The data collected provides an opportunity for a comprehensive analysis of the TB situation. We aimed at analysing the EU and EEA/EFTA data to identify general TB trends and to provoke some discussion regarding the challenges and needs for monitoring the epidemic.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis: still a concern for all countries in Europe

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Falzon ◽  
F Belghiti ◽  
on behalf of EuroTB
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
World Health ◽  
Scientific Seminar ◽  
Tb Control ◽  
Published Report ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Tuberculosis (TB) is a matter of concern for all countries in the World Health Organization European Region, although the epidemiological situation of the disease varies widely between countries. To mark World TB Day on 24 March 2007, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) will hold a scientific seminar at the European Parliament on 22 March (http://www.ecdc.eu.int/tbseminar) to increase awareness and share views and knowledge about the importance of TB control in Europe. Data from a newly published report from EuroTB (a collaborating centre of WHO for the surveillance of TB) on cases of the disease notified during 2005 will be presented.

Invasive Shot Hole Borers Euwallacea fornicatus, E. kuroshio, and E. perbrevis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Demian F. Gomez ◽  
Jiri Hulcr ◽  
Daniel Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Invasive Insects ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control

Invasive species, those that are nonnative and cause economic damage, are one of the main threats to ecosystems around the world. Ambrosia beetles are some of the most common invasive insects. Currently, severe economic impacts have been increasingly reported for all the invasive shot hole borers in South Africa, California, Israel, and throughout Asia. This 7-page fact sheet written by Demian F. Gomez, Jiri Hulcr, and Daniel Carrillo and published by the School of Forest Resources and Conservation describes shot hole borers and their biology and hosts and lists some strategies for prevention and control of these pests. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr422

Knowledge and Awareness of Dengue Fever

2018 ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Y. Arockia Suganthi ◽  
Chitra K. ◽  
J. Magelin Mary
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Transmission ◽  
Standard Guideline ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Dengue Prevention ◽  
And Control

Dengue fever is a painful mosquito-borne infection caused by different types of virus in various localities of the world. There is no particular medicine or vaccine to treat person suffering from dengue fever. Dengue viruses are transmitted by the bite of female Aedes (Ae) mosquitoes. Dengue fever viruses are mainly transmitted by Aedes which can be active in tropical or subtropical climates. Aedes Aegypti is the key step to avoid infection transmission to save millions of people in all over the world. This paper provides a standard guideline in the planning of dengue prevention and control measures. At the same time gives the priorities including clinical management and hospitalized dengue patients have to address essentially.

scholarly journals Improving knowledge, attitudes and practice to prevent COVID-19 transmission in healthcare workers and the public in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rapeephan R. Maude ◽  
Monnaphat Jongdeepaisal ◽  
Sumawadee Skuntaniyom ◽  
Thanomvong Muntajit ◽  
Stuart D. Blacksell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
Educational Videos ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Key infection prevention and control measures to limit transmission of COVID-19 include social distancing, hand hygiene, use of facemasks and personal protective equipment. However, these have limited or no impact if not applied correctly through lack of knowledge, inappropriate attitude or incorrect practice. In order to maximise the impact of infection prevention and control measures on COVID-19 spread, we undertook a study to assess and improve knowledge, attitudes and practice among 119 healthcare workers and 100 general public in Thailand. The study setting was two inpatient hospitals providing COVID-19 testing and treatment. Detailed information on knowledge, attitudes and practice among the general public and healthcare workers regarding COVID-19 transmission and its prevention were obtained from a combination of questionnaires and observations. Results Knowledge of the main transmission routes, commonest symptoms and recommended prevention methods was mostly very high (> 80%) in both groups. There was lower awareness of aerosols, food and drink and pets as sources of transmission; of the correct duration for handwashing; recommended distance for social/physical distancing; and about recommended types of face coverings. Information sources most used and most trusted were the workplace, work colleagues, health workers and television. The results were used to produce a set of targeted educational videos which addressed many of these gaps with subsequent improvements on retesting in a number of areas. This included improvements in handwashing practice with an increase in the number of areas correctly washed in 65.5% of the public, and 57.9% of healthcare workers. The videos were then further optimized with feedback from participants followed by another round of retesting. Conclusions Detailed information on gaps in knowledge, attitudes and practice among the general public and healthcare workers regarding COVID-19 transmission and its prevention were obtained from a combination of questionnaires and observations. This was used to produce targeted educational videos which addressed these gaps with subsequent improvements on retesting. The resulting videos were then disseminated as a resource to aid in efforts to fight COVID-19 in Thailand and worldwide.

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