scholarly journals Mothers and Fathers Parenting Stress and Their Perception of Children’s Psychosocial Functioning in Paediatric Diabetes: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Di Riso ◽  
Giulia Bassi ◽  
Elisa Mancinelli ◽  
Silvana Zaffani ◽  
Silvia Salcuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Child Conduct Problems ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Increased Risk

(1) Background: In the context of a child with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), the rearrangement of the family’s lifestyle can account for an increased risk of experiencing psychosocial problems for both child and parents. Those few studies on pediatric diabetes, which focused on parents’ perception of children’s psychological strengths and weaknesses, reported significantly higher rates of children’s emotional and conduct problems associated with an imbalance in the Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The main aim of this paper was to assess the role of parental perception of children’s psychosocial symptoms as a mediator of the perceived parenting stress, considering mother and father separately. (2) Methods: The study involved 12 parent couples (Mothers Mage = 40.25, SD = 6.58; Fathers Mage = 42.5, SD = 6.38) of children with T1DM aged between 7 and 11 years (Mage = 8.8, SD = 0.996). Parents completed questionnaires such as the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for parents and their perspective of their child, and the Parenting Stress Index–Short Form. (3) Results: Mothers and fathers had significant differences in the perception of their child’s internalizing symptoms. Specifically, mothers present a greater perception of the mentioned symptoms compared to fathers. Mediation models showed that only for fathers’ perception of the child conduct problems has a significant role between the fathers’ perception of dysfunctional interaction with the child and the HbA1c. (4) Conclusions: The current study provides useful evidence also for clinical settings, suggesting that an interesting interplay between parenting stress, perception of children’s symptoms and glucometabolic control should be taken into consideration.

Maternal Distress and Infant Social Withdrawal (ADBB) Following Infant Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 624-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Re ◽  
Suzanne Dean ◽  
Jimmy Mullaert ◽  
Antoine Guedeney ◽  
Samuel Menahem
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Maternal Distress ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Mothers and infants are exposed to multiple stresses when cardiac surgery is required for the infant. This study reviewed infant responsiveness using a standardized objective observational measure of social withdrawal and explored its association with measures of maternal distress. Methods: Mother–infant pairs involving infants surviving early cardiac surgery were assessed when the infant was aged two months. Infant social withdrawal was measured using the Alarm Distress Baby Scale. Maternal distress was assessed using self-report measures for maternal depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), anxiety (Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Scale), and parenting stress (Parenting Stress Index–Short Form). Potential associations between infant social withdrawal and maternal distress were evaluated. Results: High levels of maternal distress and infant social withdrawal were identified relative to community norms with a positive association. Such an association was not found between infant social withdrawal and the cardiac abnormality and surgery performed. Conclusion: The vulnerability of infants requiring cardiac surgery may be better understood when factors beyond their medical condition are considered. The findings suggested an association between maternal distress and infant social withdrawal, which may be consistent with mothers’ distress placing infants subjected to cardiac surgery at substantially increased risk of social withdrawal. However, it is unclear to what extent infant withdrawal may trigger maternal distress and what the interactive effects are. Further research is warranted. Trialing a mother–infant support program may be helpful in alleviating distress and improving the well-being and outcomes for these families.

scholarly journals Psychological Well-Being of Carers of Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Comparison with Carers of Children without a Chronic Condition

2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 096-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Thomson ◽  
Philip Bergman ◽  
Margaret Hay
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Context Caring for a child with a chronic illness requires additional responsibilities and burdens. Aims This research examined psychological well-being of carers of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). A comparison group of carers of children without a chronic condition was included to determine the specific influence T1DM has on carer well-being. Methods This cross-sectional correlational study included a sample of 93 carers of children with T1DM, and 84 comparison carers. Participants were administered the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS21), and the Parenting Stress Index Short Form 4th edition via an online questionnaire. Results Multivariate analysis revealed no significant differences between carer groups; additional univariate analyses, however, indicated that carers of children with T1DM scored significantly higher on depression and stress subscales on the DASS21, and recorded elevated anxiety scores. Conclusions Carers of children with T1DM appear to manage parenting stress; however, they may be at increased risk of depression, general stress, and anxiety.

Refining the Parenting Stress Index–Short Form (PSI-SF) in Chinese Parents

Assessment ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 107319111984775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Luo ◽  
Meng-Cheng Wang ◽  
Yu Gao ◽  
Hong Zeng ◽  
Wendeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Parenting Stress Index ◽  
Chinese Parents

scholarly journals Cognitive development of children with Kawasaki disease and the parenting stress of their caregivers in Taiwan: a case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e042996
Author(s):  
Liang-Jen Wang ◽  
Zi-Yu Tsai ◽  
Ling-Sai Chang ◽  
Ho-Chang Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Control Study

ObjectiveKawasaki disease (KD) is an acute form of febrile vasculitis that occurs in early childhood. The multisystemic vasculitis common in patients with KD may influence blood perfusion in the brain, and thus caregivers of children with KD may feel stress with regard to caring for them. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) infusion is the standard treatment for acute KD, and the most serious complication of KD is coronary artery aneurysms (coronary artery lesion (CAL)). This study aimed to investigate the relationships between KD heterogeneity and the risk of patients’ cognitive impairment or caregivers’ parenting stress.DesignA case–control study with consecutive sampling.SettingA medical centre (Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan).ParticipantsThis study consisted of 176 patients with KD (mean age: 5.5 years, 60.8% boys) and 85 healthy children (mean age: 6.4 years, 54.1% boys).Primary and secondary outcome measuresBased on the children’s age, each patient with KD and control subject was administered an assessment using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning or the Wechsler Intelligence Scale, and parenting function of their caregivers was assessed using the Parenting Stress Index (PSI)-Short Form.ResultsWe observed no significant differences in any developmental index, cognitive function or parenting stress between patients with KD and controls. Among the children with KD, IVIG administration nor CAL was associated with children’s cognitive scores. However, the caregivers of patients who had CAL suffered from greater PSI total scores than those of patients without CAL. Furthermore, the caregivers who had education levels of a master’s degree or above showed less parenting stress than those who had an education level of college or lower.ConclusionCaregivers’ education is associated to parenting stress, and caregivers of patients with KD who developed CAL may feel stress about the unpredictable sequela caused by CAL for their children. Such caregivers may require support to fulfil their parenting roles.

scholarly journals Factorial Structure and Cross-Cultural Invariance of the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form in Hong Kong and Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaozi Gao ◽  
Kerry Lee
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Partial Metric ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Parenting Stress Index

With increasing attention on the role of parenting stress on family functioning and children’s development, one area that has been neglected is how such relations differ across cultures. Although sometimes viewed as homogeneous, Asian countries often have markedly different belief systems. Cross-cultural studies require instruments that have been validated in different socio-cultural contexts. The widely used parenting stress index-short form (PSI-SF) has been used in several locations. However, results regarding its factorial structure have been mixed. Furthermore, there are only a few cross-cultural comparison studies. This study examined the factorial structure of an abridged version of the PSI-SF with data from Hong Kong (N = 258) and Thailand (N = 190). The results from confirmatory factor analyses indicated that, in both cultures, a three-factorial structure provides the best model fit. Furthermore, we found evidence for partial metric invariance, suggesting that the test scores can be compared directly. Tests for convergent and discriminant validity revealed that the three factors were correlated with parent general distress, authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting behaviors, in both cultures. These findings suggest that the abridged PSI-SF can provide a meaningful comparison of parenting stress between Hong Kong and Thailand.

scholarly journals Antenatal Depression and Anxiety Affect Postpartum Parenting Stress: A Longitudinal, Prospective Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaila Misri ◽  
Kristin Kendrick ◽  
Tim F Oberlander ◽  
Sandhaya Norris ◽  
Lianne Tomfohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Antenatal Depression ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective: Postpartum depression has been associated with parenting stress, impacting attachment and child development. However, the relation between antenatal depression or anxiety and postpartum parenting stress has not been investigated. We studied the effect of antenatal depression and anxiety and treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (antidepressants [ADs]) on postpartum parenting stress. Method: Ninety-four pregnant women (part of a larger study examining prenatal AD exposure on infants) were prospectively monitored for depression and anxiety during the third trimester and 3- and 6-months postpartum using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Parenting stress was assessed using the Parenting Stress Index—Short Form at 3- and 6-months postpartum. Results: Both antenatal third trimester depression and anxiety were significant predictors of 3- and 6-month postpartum parenting stress, after controlling for maternal age, number of children, and exposure to prenatal ADs (all Ps < 0.001). Third trimester depression accounted for 13% to 22% of the variance in postpartum stress at 3 and 6 months. Prenatal AD use was not a significant predictor in any of the models (all Ps > 0.2). Twenty of 41 mothers on ADs achieved remission (HDRS = 7) in pregnancy and had average parenting stress scores of about 1 standard deviation lower than those who did not at 3- and 6-months postpartum ( t = 3.32, df = 32, P = 0.002 and t = 2.52, df = 32, P = 0.02, respectively). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that antenatal depression and anxiety directly impact postpartum parenting stress, regardless of antenatal AD treatment. Ongoing maternal mental illness in pregnancy is an important predictor of postpartum parenting stress. Early recognition and treatment to remission is key.

Parenting Stress of Low-Income Parents of Toddlers and Preschoolers: Psychometric Properties of a Short Form of the Parenting Stress Index

Parenting ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanne Whiteside-Mansell ◽  
Catherine Ayoub ◽  
Lorraine McKelvey ◽  
Richard A. Faldowski ◽  
Andrea Hart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Parenting Stress Index

scholarly journals Μητρικό στρες και ημερήσια διακύμανση κορτιζόλης σε παιδιά με Διαταραχή Ελλειμματικής Προσοχής-Υπερκινητικότητας

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Τερψιχόρη Κόρπα
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Parental Distress ◽  
Parenting Stress Index ◽  
Η Car ◽  
Parent Child

Εισαγωγή: Τα τελευταία χρόνια έχει αυξηθεί η επιστημονική διερεύνηση των λειτουργιών του άξονα Υποθάλαμου-Υπόφυσης-Επινεφριδίιων (ΗΡΑ Axis) στα παιδιά και τους ενήλικους με Διαταραχής Ελλειμματικής Προσοχής-Υπερκινητικότητας (ΔΕΠΥ), καθώς τα ευρήματα υποστηρίζουν την συσχέτιση της δυσλειτουργίας του άξονα HPA με παράγοντες συνοσηρότητας και βαρύτητας. Η δραστηριότητα του άξονα HPA έχει παρατηρηθεί ότι επηρεάζεται από ψυχοκοινωνικoύς στρεσογόνους παράγοντες, όπως το γονεϊκό στρες, που φαίνεται να παρατηρείται σε υψηλότερα επίπεδα σε μητέρες παιδιών με ΔΕΠΥ σε συγκριση με μητέρες παιδιών τυπικής αναπτυξης. Σκοπός: Στην παρούσα έρευνα μελετήθηκε η πιθανή συσχέτιση ανάμεσα στα επίπεδα γονεϊκου στρες που βιώνουν μητέρες παιδιών με ΔΕΠΥ και μητέρες υγιών παιδιών, με το ημερήσιο μοτίβο έκλυσης κορτιζόλης στα παιδιά τους. Επιπλέον, διερευνήθηκε η ύπαρξη συμπτωματολογίας ΔΕΠΥ στις μητέρες και η πιθανή επιρροή της μέσω του στρες του γονεϊκού ρόλου τους στο μοτίβο έκλυσης κορτιζόλης των παιδών τους. Μέθοδος: Στη μελέτη συμμετείχαν 120 παιδιά ηλικίας 6-11 ετών με τις μητέρες τους, τα οποία αξιολογήθηκαν και ταξινομήθηκαν σε τρεις ομάδες (Ν= 26 ως ΔΕΠΥ-Απρόσεκτου Υπότυπου/ ADHD-I, Ν= 49 ως ΔΕΠΥ-Συνδυασμένου Υπότυπου/ADHD-C και ΔΕΠΥ Υπερκινητικού-Παρορμητικού Υπότυπου/ADHD-ΗΙ και Ν=45 ως υγιείς ομάδας Eλέγχου). Συμπληρώθηκαν επίσης τα απαραίτητα ψυχομετρικά εργαλεία αξιολόγησης του Γονεικού Στρες των μητέρων (Parenting Stress Index – Short Form, PSI–SF), ανίχνευσης συμπτωματολογίας ΔΕΠΥ και γενικής ψυχοπαθολογίας τους, ενώ ελήφθησαν καταγραφές για την κοινωνική υποστήριξη και την κοινωνικο-οικονομική κατάσταση αυτών. Ελήφθησαν επίσης και έξι (6) δείγματα κορτιζόλης σιέλου των παιδιών κάθε ομάδας σε τακτά διαφορετικά χρονικά σημεία στη διάρκεια μιας τυπικής ημέρας. Αποτελέσματα: Οι μητέρες των παιδιών ADHD-C/HI κατέγραψαν υψηλότερα επίπεδα γονεϊκού στρες από τις μητέρες των παιδιών με ADHD–I. Όλες οι υποκλίμακες του PSI–SF κατέδειξαν σημαντικές συσχετίσεις με την Ανταπόκριση Κορτιζόλης Αφύπνιση (CAR) των παιδιών στις δύο ομάδες ADHD-C/HI και ADHD–I, με εξαίρεση την υποκλίμακα Γονεϊκή Δυσφορία (Parental Distress) του PSI–SF στην ομάδα ADHD–I. Και στις δύο ομάδες ADHD-C/HI και ADHD–I, κατεδείχθησαν υψηλές τιμές στις υποκλίμακες Δυσλειτουργική Αλληλεπίδραση Μητέρας – Παιδιού (Parent–Child Dysfunctional Interaction) και Δύσκολου Παιδιού (Difficult Child) καθώς επίσης και στη συνολική βαθμολογία του PSI, που είχαν σημαντικά αποτελέσματα αλληλεπίδρασης με την CAR. Επίσης, για τα παιδιά με ΔΕΠΥ που είχαν μητέρα με συμπτωματολογία ΔΕΠΥ καταγράφηκαν σημαντικά υψηλότερες βαθμολογίες σε όλες τις διαστάσεις του PSI των μητέρων τους, σε σύγκριση με τα παιδιά με ΔΕΠΥ με μητέρα χωρίς συμπτωματολογία ΔΕΠΥ. Στις μητέρες με συμπτώματα ΔΕΠΥ καταγράφηκαν αυξημένα επίπεδα στρες και συσχετίσεις με την Ανταπόκριση Κορτιζόλης Αφύπνισης (CAR) των παιδιών τους. Οι τιμές CAR των παιδιών με μητέρα χωρίς συμπτώματα ΔΕΠΥ και χαμηλές βαθμολογίες τόσο σε όλες τις διαστάσεις του PSI όσο και στη συνολική βαθμολογία, ήταν σημαντικά υψηλότερες σε σύγκριση με τις τιμές CAR των παιδιών που επίσης είχαν μητέρα χωρίς συμπτώματα ΔΕΠΥ αλλά με υψηλά επίπεδα στις αντίστοιχες βαθμολογίες του PSI. Συμπεράσματα: Διαπιστώθηκε συσχέτιση ανάμεσα στα υψηλά επίπεδα γονεϊκού στρες της μητέρας και στη λειτουργία του Άξονα ΗΡΑ στα παιδιά με ΔΕΠΥ, όπου η CAR επισημάνθηκε ως ένα ευαίσθητο περιφερειακό μέτρο λειτουργίας του Άξονα των παιδιών αυτών. Η ύπαρξη συμπτωματολογίας ΔΕΠΥ στη μητέρα του παιδιού φαίνεται να παίζει σημαντικό ρόλο στην αύξηση των επιπέδων γονεϊκού στρες και να αυξάνει την πιθανότητα επιβάρυνσης της λειτουργίας του Άξονα ΗΡΑ. Μέσω των ευρημάτων της μελέτης αποπειράθηκε ένα μοντέλο απεικόνισης της σχέσης του γονεϊκού στρες των μητέρων και της λειτουργίας του Άξονα HPA των παιδιών τους με ΔΕΠΥ, παρουσιάζοντας τη σημαντικότητα της πρώιμης κλινικής παρέμβασης στον κύκλο των αρνητικών αλληλεπιδράσεων που βιώνουν οι οικογένειες των παιδιών με ΔΕΠΥ.

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