scholarly journals Traffic Crash Characteristics in Shenzhen, China from 2014 to 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1176
Author(s):  
Guofa Li ◽  
Yuan Liao ◽  
Qiangqiang Guo ◽  
Caixiong Shen ◽  
Weijian Lai
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Driver Assistance Systems ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Traffic Crash ◽  
Crash Types ◽  
Crash Characteristics

Road traffic crashes cause fatalities and injuries of both drivers/passengers in vehicles and pedestrians outside, thus challenge public health especially in big cities in developing countries like China. Previous efforts mainly focus on a specific crash type or causation to examine the crash characteristics in China while lacking the characteristics of various crash types, factors, and the interplay between them. This study investigated the crash characteristics in Shenzhen, one of the biggest four cities in China, based on the police-reported crashes from 2014 to 2016. The descriptive characteristics were reported in detail with respect to each of the crash attributes. Based on the recorded crash locations, the land-use pattern was obtained as one of the attributes for each crash. Then, the relationship between the attributes in motor-vehicle-involved crashes was examined using the Bayesian network analysis. We revealed the distinct crash characteristics observed between the examined levels of each attribute, as well the interplay between the attributes. This study provides an insight into the crash characteristics in Shenzhen, which would help understand the driving behavior of Chinese drivers, identify the traffic safety problems, guide the research focuses on advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) and traffic management countermeasures in China.

scholarly journals Revealing the Spatial Pattern of Weather-Related Road Traffic Crashes in Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6506
Author(s):  
Danijel Ivajnšič ◽  
Nina Horvat ◽  
Igor Žiberna ◽  
Eva Konečnik Kotnik ◽  
Danijel Davidović
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Crash ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Traffic Crash ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Adverse Weather

Despite an improvement in worldwide numbers, road traffic crashes still cause social, psychological, and financial damage and cost most countries 3% of their gross domestic product. However, none of the current commercial or open-source navigation systems contain spatial information about road traffic crash hot spots. By developing an algorithm that can adequately predict such spatial patterns, we can bridge these still existing gaps in road traffic safety. To that end, geographically weighted regression and regression tree models were fitted with five uncorrelated (environmental and socioeconomic) road traffic crash predictor variables. Significant regional differences in adverse weather conditions were identified; Slovenia lies at the conjunction of different climatic zones characterized by differences in weather phenomena, which further modify traffic safety. Thus, more attention to speed limits, safety distance, and other vehicles entering and leaving the system could be expected. In order to further improve road safety and better implement globally sustainable development goals, studies with applicative solutions are urgently needed. Modern vehicle-to-vehicle communication technologies could soon support drivers with real-time traffic data and thus potentially prevent road network crashes.

scholarly journals COVID Lockdowns, Social Distancing, and Fatal Car Crashes: More Deaths on Hobbesian Highways?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 238-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall W. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Research Question What happened to US traffic safety during the first US COVID-19 lockdown, and why was the pattern the opposite of that observed in previous sudden declines of traffic volume? Data National and local statistics on US traffic volume, traffic fatalities, injury accidents, speeding violations, running of stop signs, and other indicators of vehicular driving behavior, both in 2020 and in previous US economic recessions affecting the volume of road traffic. Methods Comparative analysis of the similarities and differences between the data for the COVID-19 lockdown in parts of the USA in March 2020 and similar data for the 2008–2009 global economic crisis, as well as other US cases of major reductions in traffic volume. Findings The volume of traffic contracted sharply once a COVID-19 national emergency was declared and most states issued stay-at-home orders, but motor vehicle fatality rates, injury accidents, and speeding violations went up, and remained elevated even as traffic began returning toward normal. This pattern does not fit post-World War II recessions where fatality rates declined with the volume of traffic nor does the 2020 pattern match the pattern during World War II when traffic dropped substantially with little change in motor vehicle fatality rates. Conclusions The findings are consistent with a theory of social distancing on highways undermining compliance with social norms, a social cost of COVID which, if not corrected, poses potential long-term increases in non-compliance and dangerous driving.

scholarly journals Human factor and traffic safety

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Ewa Brożyna
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Road User ◽  
Road Design

This article deals with issues in the field of traffic engineering. According to its assumptions, traffic is a system consisting of three inseparable elements which are man, vehicle and road. In this article, the author focuses on the relationship between two of these elements: human as a road user and a path that should be a subordinate of the user’s capabilities and convenience. The first part of the article is an introduction to the topic of the article. There are presented the data on the amount of road traffic accidents caused by human factors and the categories of errors committed by drivers. In the further part there were analyzed the biological factors which have influence on driver’s actions such as sight, attention and reaction time with particular emphasis on the imperfections of those factors which should be taken into account when designing roads and organizing traffic because it lets to provide a higher level of road safety. The purpose of this article is to develop practical conclusions for road design and traffic management that will help to better adjust the road transport infrastructure to the capabilities and natural limitations of the human person. These conclusions are included in the summary.

scholarly journals Effects of Improved Traffic Management on Sustainable Distributed Road Transportation Safety Based on Asian Experiences

2010 ◽  
Vol 14-15 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-332
Author(s):  
Irfan Ullah ◽  
Janusz Szpytko
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
Road Transportation

Effects of Improved Traffic Management on Sustainable Distributed Road Transportation Safety Based on Asian Experiences Knowledge of the improved traffic management and its effect on road safety is an important component in the process of sustainable road network development. Having in mind that so many road traffic casualties occur, a key priority in transport policy is making highways as safe as possible. The mentioned objective is attained by means of sustainable safety. The paper focuses on sustainable road safety and his principles, based on selected Asian countries experiences. The knowledge base covers institutional responsibility of road safety, the development of a road safety action plan, raising awareness and understanding of road safety problems, road crash data systems, road safety education and training, traffic safety legislation, enforcement of traffic laws and monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of road safety activities. In order to improve road transportation safety an organized sustainable approach is needed via concentrated action of all of participants in the process of realizing the transport service such as: governments at all levels, those who are professionally engaged in transport and traffic engineering and road users themselves.

PW 0474 Crash characteristics and patterns of injry among hospitalised road traffic crash victims in urban sri lanka

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varuni Tennakoon ◽  
Roshini Peiris-John ◽  
Rajitha Wickremasinghe ◽  
Surangi Yasawardene ◽  
Shanthi Ameratunga
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Crash ◽  
Traffic Crash ◽  
Crash Characteristics

Road traffic crash characteristics of drivers who take prescription medicines that carry a risk to driving

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 102929
Author(s):  
Li Lu ◽  
Benjamin Contrand ◽  
Blandine Gadegbeku ◽  
Louis-Rachid Salmi ◽  
Emmanuel Lagarde
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Crash ◽  
Traffic Crash ◽  
Prescription Medicines ◽  
Crash Characteristics

scholarly journals Analysis and Evaluation of the Influence of Selected its Services on Road Traffic Safety and Efficiency

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-364
Author(s):  
Agata Kołodziejska ◽  
Mirosław Siergiejczyk ◽  
Karolina Krzykowska
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Low Efficiency

Abstract The implementation of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) nowadays is associated with a strong need to solve problems related to the high accident rate, as well as low efficiency of transportation process management. The topic of this paper is the characterisation of selected intelligent transport services and the determination of their influence on road traffic safety and efficiency. Two services implemented within the framework of the National Traffic Management System in Poland were distinguished, namely: transmitting information to drivers and incident detection. A general analysis of the relationship between the functioning of ITS services and safety on national roads, as well as traffic efficiency therein was conducted.

scholarly journals Humanitarian And Socio-Economic Consequences Of Motorization In Ukraine: The Criminogenic Aspect

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-76
Author(s):  
I.B. Medytskyi
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
The Cost

The article substantiates the necessity of obligatory consideration of criminological information on the consequences of motor crimes in order to increase the effectiveness of criminological and criminal legal policies. Criminologically relevant information on the consequences of motor vehicle crime is characterized by its incompleteness and fragmentation, without giving an idea of the true «price» of this variety for Ukrainian society. Through quantitative and qualitative analysis of the consequences of the phenomenon, the attention was paid to the scale and social danger of motor crime in modern conditions. Based on the analysis of statistical information of the courts and law enforcement agencies over the past five years, the level of road traffic injuries is outlined, the dynamics compared to the previous year is revealed, the characteristics of the victims of criminal offenses in the field of road safety and transport operation are specified, the size of the caused material and moral damage. In the criminogenic context, an analysis of the humanitarian (the number of dead and injured as a result of road accidents) and the socio-economic consequences of motorization in the country (the cost of human life and the total losses from road accidents). Existing approaches to determining the cost of human life and the overall level of losses to the state as a result of road accidents have been systematized. Taking into account the average life expectancy, macroeconomic indicators of the state development, the average age of those killed as a result of criminal violations of traffic safety rules or the operation of transport, and the number of victims, the total economic losses for the society for 2018 were determined. It has been stated that the practice of application by the courts of separate criminal law rules on crimes against traffic safety and operation of transport does not correlate with the declared Criminal Code of Ukraine for the purpose of punishment for the committed, as well as general and special prevention.

scholarly journals Investigating the Impact of Connected and Automated Vehicles on Signalized and Unsignalized Intersections Safety in Mixed Traffic

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-40
Author(s):  
Amirhosein Karbasi ◽  
Steve O’Hern
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Driver Model ◽  
Cruise Control ◽  
Driver Assistance Systems ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Car Following Model ◽  
The Impact

Road traffic crashes are a major safety problem, with one of the leading factors in crashes being human error. Automated and connected vehicles (CAVs) that are equipped with Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are expected to reduce human error. In this paper, the Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO) traffic simulator is used to investigate how CAVs impact road safety. In order to define the longitudinal behavior of Human Drive Vehicles (HDVs) and CAVs, car-following models, including the Krauss, the Intelligent Driver Model (IDM), and Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) car-following models were used to simulate CAVs. Surrogate safety measures were utilized to analyze CAVs’ safety impact using time-to-collision. Two case studies were evaluated: a signalized grid network that included nine intersections, and a second network consisting of an unsignalized intersection. The results demonstrate that CAVs could potentially reduce the number of conflicts based on each of the car following model simulations and the two case studies. A secondary finding of the research identified additional safety benefits of vehicles equipped with collision avoidance control, through the reduction in rear-end conflicts observed for the CACC car-following model.

scholarly journals Practice Analysis of Road Traffic Crashes Accident of a City in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Li Wei Hu ◽  
Jian Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Crash Severity ◽  
Crash Analysis ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Types Of Information

Many studies focused on the development of crash analysis approaches have resulted in aggregate practices and experiences to quantify the safety effects of human, geometric, traffic and environmental factors on the expected number of deaths, injuries, and/or property damage crashes at specific locations. Traffic crashes on roads are a major cause of road crashes in the metropolitan area of Xi’an. In an attempt to identify causes and consequences, reported traffic crashes for six years in Xi’an were analyzed using a sample of 2038 reports. The main types of information from such reports were extracted, coded, and statistically analyzed. Important results were obtained from frequency analyses as well as multiple contributory factors related to traffic crashes, including crash severity, time and location of occurrence, geometry of the road, AADT and v/c. This paper presents the results of such analyses and provides some recommendations to improve traffic safety and further studies to analyze potential crash locations.

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