The Impact of Environmental Regulation on the Location of Pollution-Intensive Industries in China under Agglomeration Effect

Pollution-intensive industries (PIIs) have both scale effect and environmental sensitivity. Therefore, this paper studies how environmental regulation (ER) affects the location dynamics of PIIs under the agglomeration effect. Our results show that, ER can increase the production costs of pollution-intensive firms (PIFs) by internalizing the negative impact of pollutant discharge in a region, and thus, directly reduces the region’s attractiveness to PIFs. Meanwhile, ER can indirectly reduce the attractiveness of a region to PIFs by reducing the externality of the regional agglomeration effect. Moreover, these influences are regulated by the level of local economic development. Based on the moderated mediating effect model, we find evidence from the site selection activities of newly built chemical firms in cities across China. The empirical test shows that compared with 2014, the proportion of the direct effect of ER to the total effects significantly decreased in 2018, while the proportion of indirect effects under the agglomeration effect increased significantly. Our findings provide reference for the government to design effective environmental policies to guide the location choice of new PIFs.

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Relationships between fluctuations of environmental regulation, technological innovation, and economic growth: a multinational perspective

Journal of Enterprise Information Management ◽

10.1108/jeim-02-2021-0104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Zaiyang Xie ◽

Liang Qu ◽

Runhui Lin ◽

Qiutong Guo

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Environmental Regulation ◽

Technological Innovation ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Oecd Country ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Content Type ◽

Innovation Activities ◽

Continuous State ◽

The Impact

PurposeEnvironmental regulation is in a continuous state of intense change and modification amid the long-term tensions between environmental protection and economic growth. In this article, the authors creatively investigate how fluctuations of environmental regulation influence a nation's economic growth while also examining the mediating effect of technological innovation.Design/methodology/approachUsing sample data of 36 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries from 2013 to 2018, environmental regulation is differentiated in two aspects of formal environmental regulation (FER) and informal environmental regulation (IER) and analyzed to assess the effects of regulatory fluctuations on investment and technological innovation.FindingsThe research results demonstrate that both FER fluctuation and IER fluctuation exert a significant negative impact on economic growth. These two fluctuations in environmental regulation increase uncertainty and unpredictable risks for corporations and investors, significantly stifling the willingness to contribute to innovation activities and leading to a diminished level of innovation. Technological innovation is revealed to have a mediating influence on the relationship of environmental regulation fluctuation to economic growth.Originality/valueThese findings enrich the research on the impact of environmental regulation from a dynamic, multinational perspective, contributing to the literature by exploring the relationships between environmental regulation fluctuation, technological innovation and economic growth at the OECD-country level.

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Can Environmental Regulation Flexibility Explain the Porter Hypothesis?—An Empirical Study Based on the Data of China’s Listed Enterprises

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11082214 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2214 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Guichuan Zhou ◽

Wendi Liu ◽

Liming Zhang ◽

Kaiwen She

Keyword(s):

Environmental Regulation ◽

Technological Innovation ◽

Business Performance ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Moderating Effect ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Porter Hypothesis ◽

Negative Effects ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Previous studies indicate that the Porter hypothesis (PH) generates controversial and inconsistent conclusions on the impact of environmental regulation (ER) on business performance. As a result, based on the data of China’s A-share listed companies from 2016 to 2018, a moderated mediating effect model is established to examine the relationship between ER, technological innovation and business performance, as well as the moderating effect of environmental regulation flexibility (ERF) on the relationship. Results show that technological innovation has a significant mediating effect on the relationship between ER and business performance. Furthermore, ERF has a negative moderating effect on the mediating effect technological innovation exerted. At a certain degree, the flexible ER could weaken technological innovation’s mediating effects on the relationship between ER and business performance, and further could mitigate the negative impact of ER on both technological innovation and business performance. Also, an inflexible ER intensifies its negative effects on technological innovation and business performance, which is to the disadvantage of enterprises becoming the subject of environmental protection consciously and sustainably.

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Environmental Regulation and High-Quality Development in China

Scientific and Social Research ◽

10.36922/ssr.v3i5.1219 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 105-112

Author(s):

Wentao Xu

Keyword(s):

Environmental Regulation ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Empirical Test ◽

Pollutant Emission ◽

Quality Development ◽

High Quality ◽

Positive Role ◽

Development Level ◽

The Impact

This paper uses the data of 30 provincial regions in mainland China except Tibet from 2006 to 2018 to weighted measure the intensity of environmental regulation through the weight determined by the ranking of pollutant emission intensity year by year; Based on the three subsystems of economy, society and environment, this paper constructs a high-quality development measurement index system, and determines the weight year by year by entropy method, as well as measures the high-quality development level by weight; From the perspective of enterprise production decision, the influence of environmental regulation on high-quality development is theoretically deduced. Through the empirical test of two threshold models with environmental regulation intensity and per capita GDP as the threshold, it confirms each other, and empirically analyzes the impact of environmental regulation intensity on high-quality development level. The research results show that: The impact of environmental regulation intensity on high-quality development level, with the change of enterprises’ decision-making to deal with environmental regulation, has an obvious threshold effect. Before reaching the threshold, the increase of environmental regulation intensity has a negative impact on high-quality development; After reaching the threshold, the impact of the increase of environmental regulation intensity on high-quality development may have a short uncertain stage, followed by a positive impact. Government environmental regulation should be combined with the local stage to avoid the misunderstanding of blindly improving the intensity of environmental regulation; Government environmental regulation should focus on reducing the cost of cleaner production and technological innovation, and accelerate the formation of “forced“ innovation mechanism of environmental regulation, so as to give full play to the positive role of environmental regulation in promoting high-quality and high-development.

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KAJIAN DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN PENUTUPAN LOKALISASI TELEJU OLEH PEMERINTAH KOTA PEKANBARU

Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan Nakhoda ◽

10.35967/jipn.v15i2.3846 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 78

Author(s):

M. Zainuddin

Keyword(s):

Social Order ◽

Qualitative Method ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Early Stage ◽

Policy Research ◽

Research Approach ◽

Policy Content ◽

The Government ◽

Closure Policy ◽

The Impact

This research to analyze the impact of closure policy Teleju brothel by Pekanbaru govermentin 2010. Guidelines for works are Pekanbaru Local Regulations No. 12 of 2008 on Social Order-liness. Closure this brothel inflicts positive and negative impact for society.The research wasconducted to obtain early stage formula for the government to take action against the prostitu-tion activities. This research uses policy research approach with a qualitative method, becausein prostitution activities and prohibition by goverment is an assessment that needs to be done byanalyzing documents and unstructured interview.The results showed that after the closing of the Teleju brothel have an impact on the deploy-ment of a prostitution and affect the economy of the surrounding residents. Government seeksto tackle prostitution in Pekanbaru by moving the brothel, conduct regular raids and providetraining. The effort is considered to be less than the maximum because the handling is not basedon the root of the problem and not programmed properly. There are several causes of failure ofgovernment to overcome the prostitution problem in Pekanbaru, including: policy content isless focus on the prostitution problem, the government did not proceeds with data, lack of finan-cial support, contra productive programs between local government with the police and TNI,and the policy object is difficult to be given understanding.

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The Influence of Urban Sprawl on Air Pollution and the Mediating Effect of Vehicle Ownership

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9081261 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1261

Author(s):

Aiping Tao ◽

Qun Liang ◽

Peng Kuai ◽

Tao Ding

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Urban Sprawl ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Empirical Support ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Vehicle Ownership ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Effect Model ◽

Significant Negative Impact ◽

The Impact

Based on the panel data of 224 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2003 to 2016, this paper empirically studies the impact of urban sprawl on air pollution and introduces a mediating effect model to test the mediating role of vehicle ownership concerning the impact of urban sprawl on air pollution. The research in this paper arrives at three conclusions. First, urban sprawl has a significant positive effect on air pollution, and this conclusion is still valid after solving the endogeneity problem and conducting a robustness test. Second, the results of mediating effect test show that urban sprawl indirectly affects air pollution through the partial mediating effect of vehicle ownership. By removing the mediating effect, urban sprawl has a significant negative impact on air pollution, indicating that the mediating effect of vehicle ownership is higher concerning the impact of urban sprawl on air pollution. Third, further panel quantile regression results show that the higher the level of air pollution, the weaker the mediating effect of vehicle ownership and the stronger the direct effect of urban sprawl on air pollution. These conclusions can provide some empirical support for solving the air pollution problems caused by urban sprawl in China.

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Environmental Regulation, Environmental Awareness and Environmental Governance Satisfaction

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13073960 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 3960

Author(s):

Meng-Meng Geng ◽

Ling-Yun He

Keyword(s):

Environmental Regulation ◽

Environmental Governance ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Subjective Evaluation ◽

Environmental Awareness ◽

General Social Survey ◽

Probit Model ◽

The People ◽

The Impact

It is a problem worth thinking about whether the government’s environmental regulation policies can meet the residents’ requirements for environmental quality, and benefit the people. The study of the public’s subjective evaluation can more intuitively judge whether the government’s environmental regulation has realized “ecological benefits for the people”. Based on the data of the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2013, this paper studied the impact of environmental regulation and environmental awareness on environmental governance satisfaction by an ordered probit model. The study found that environmental regulation has a significant positive impact on environmental governance satisfaction, while environmental awareness has a significant negative impact on environmental governance satisfaction. We also found that when public environmental awareness is taken into account, the positive relationship between environmental regulation and environmental governance satisfaction is affected. The robustness test proved this conclusion.

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Impact of Dividend Tax Change on the Payout Policy of Indian Companies

Global Business Review ◽

10.1177/0972150919846814 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 1282-1291

Author(s):

Sanjay Dhamija ◽

Ravinder Kumar Arora

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Payout Policy ◽

Tax Law ◽

Dividend Payout ◽

Inside Ownership ◽

Regulatory Changes ◽

Before And After ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact ◽

Dividend Tax

The article examines the impact of regulatory changes in the tax on dividends on the payout policy of Indian companies. The tax law was recently amended to levy tax on dividends received by large shareholders. As the promoters group is the largest shareholder, this is expected to have a negative impact on the payout policy of companies. Furthermore, companies with larger promoter holdings have a higher motivation to reduce their payout. The study covers 370 companies present in the BSE 500 Index and compares the dividend payout of the companies before and after the introduction of tax levy. The study finds that the newly introduced tax indeed caused a shift in the dividend policy of companies, particularly those companies which have high levels of inside ownership. The findings have significant implications for companies, investors and the government.

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Critical criteria for enhancing consumption intention in restaurants during COVID-19

British Food Journal ◽

10.1108/bfj-05-2021-0532 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Sheng-Fang Chou ◽

Chih-Hsing Sam Liu ◽

Jun-You Lin

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Consumer Behaviour ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Sufficient Information ◽

Content Type ◽

Consumption Intentions ◽

The Government ◽

Media Channels ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to illustrate the different systems controlling coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and curbing the impact of the virus on the hospitality economy. The author’s clarified the critical attributes of the government, organization management system and consumer behaviour using mediation-moderation models and demonstrated how those critical attributes influenced customer consumption intention during COVID-19 in Taiwan.Design/methodology/approachDue to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, this research is mainly distributed through online questionnaires through Facebook and other social media channels to recruit volunteers. Second, the pre-test survey used 100 questionnaires collected from juniors and seniors from a university in northern Taiwan to make predictions. Third, this study also conducted a questionnaire validity analysis, which identified 9 criteria and 34 items. Fourth, the questionnaire collected samples for a total of three months. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses in a sample of 1,098 consumers in Taiwan.FindingsThis study considers government, enterprise and consumer levels and conducts relevant factor analysis from consumers’ perspectives to understand the changes in consumer behaviour under COVID-19 influence. Regarding mediation, this study finds that information and communication mediate the relationships between crisis management and COVID-19 impact. Regarding moderation, this study exposes the critical moderating part of human resources, that hygiene and safety strengthen the relationships between COVID-19 impact and attitude towards life and that perceived anxiety strengthens the relationship between attitude towards life and consumption intention.Practical implicationsDuring COVID-19, restaurants should cooperate with the government to reduce the risk of community infection. Therefore, the government also needs to cooperate with restaurant companies to enhance the industrial economy, actively communicate with consumers and provide correct and sufficient information. At the same time, restaurant enterprises also need to have sufficient human resource arrangements, hygiene and safety planning to eliminate consumers’ doubts.Originality/valueThese findings indicate that consumers’ consumption intention to eat out is affected by the COVID-19 impact and attitude towards life. This research also confirms that perceived anxiety has a mediating effect on the relationship between consumer attitudes towards life and consumption intentions. To improve the restaurant economic process, they should consider solutions to reduce consumers’ perception of the COVID-19 impact and fear of eating out.

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Fiscal Deficit and Economic Growth in Bangladesh

The American Economist ◽

10.1177/0569434516672778 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 31-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ebney Ayaj Rana ◽

Abu N. M. Wahid

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Budget Deficit ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Political Stability ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Government Budget ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact ◽

Government Budget Deficit

The economy of Bangladesh is currently going through a period of continuous budget deficit. The present data suggest that the government budget deficit, on average, is nearly 5% of the country’s GDP. This has been true since the early 2000s. To finance this deficit, governments have been borrowing largely from domestic and foreign sources resulting in inflationary pressure on one hand, and crowding out of private investments on the other. During the same period, although the economy has grown steadily at a rate of more than 6%, this growth is less than the potential. This article presents an econometric study of the impact of government budget deficits on the economic growth of Bangladesh. We conduct a time-series analysis using ordinary least squares estimation, vector error correction model, and granger causality test. The findings suggest that the government budget deficit has statistically significant negative impact on economic growth in Bangladesh. Policy implications of our findings include reestablishing the rule of law, political stability in the country, restructuring tax structure, closing tax loopholes, and harmonizing fiscal policy with monetary policy to attract additional domestic and foreign investment.

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Agglomeration and Urban Manufacture Labor Productivity in Indonesia

Signifikan Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi ◽

10.15408/sjie.v8i2.9316 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Yohanes Nurcahyo Agung Wibowo ◽

Toshihiro Kudo

Keyword(s):

Labor Productivity ◽

Industrial Development ◽

Manufacturing Industry ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Industrial Clusters ◽

Economic Conditions ◽

Agglomeration Effect ◽

Positive Externalities ◽

The Government ◽

Input Sharing

Agglomeration, the spatial concentration of industries in a specific location, has been argued to improve productivity since it could provide positive externalities such as knowledge spillover, input sharing, and labor pooling. This paper examines the effect of large and medium manufacturing industry (LMI) agglomeration on labor productivity. Measuring the output and labor density as agglomeration effect by using 2009-2014 panel data from 44 cities and regions across the metropolitan areas of Indonesia, this study shows that in terms of output share, agglomeration positively contributes to labor productivity. On the other hand, in terms of labor density, agglomeration results in a negative impact on productivity. These findings suggest the government should expand industrial clusters in less densely populated areas, especially outside the island of Java, by providing necessary infrastructures such as electricity, ports, and roads, so that this development creates favorable economic conditions for investment and industrial development in such areas.

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