scholarly journals Agglomeration and Urban Manufacture Labor Productivity in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohanes Nurcahyo Agung Wibowo ◽  
Toshihiro Kudo
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Agglomeration Effect ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
The Government ◽  
Input Sharing

Agglomeration, the spatial concentration of industries in a specific location, has been argued to improve productivity since it could provide positive externalities such as knowledge spillover, input sharing, and labor pooling. This paper examines the effect of large and medium manufacturing industry (LMI) agglomeration on labor productivity. Measuring the output and labor density as agglomeration effect by using 2009-2014 panel data from 44 cities and regions across the metropolitan areas of Indonesia, this study shows that in terms of output share, agglomeration positively contributes to labor productivity. On the other hand, in terms of labor density, agglomeration results in a negative impact on productivity. These findings suggest the government should expand industrial clusters in less densely populated areas, especially outside the island of Java, by providing necessary infrastructures such as electricity, ports, and roads, so that this development creates favorable economic conditions for investment and industrial development in such areas.

scholarly journals The Impact of Environmental Regulation on the Location of Pollution-Intensive Industries in China under Agglomeration Effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4045
Author(s):  
Yinhao Wu ◽  
Shumin Yu ◽  
Xiangdong Duan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Agglomeration Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
Pollutant Discharge ◽  
The Impact

Pollution-intensive industries (PIIs) have both scale effect and environmental sensitivity. Therefore, this paper studies how environmental regulation (ER) affects the location dynamics of PIIs under the agglomeration effect. Our results show that, ER can increase the production costs of pollution-intensive firms (PIFs) by internalizing the negative impact of pollutant discharge in a region, and thus, directly reduces the region’s attractiveness to PIFs. Meanwhile, ER can indirectly reduce the attractiveness of a region to PIFs by reducing the externality of the regional agglomeration effect. Moreover, these influences are regulated by the level of local economic development. Based on the moderated mediating effect model, we find evidence from the site selection activities of newly built chemical firms in cities across China. The empirical test shows that compared with 2014, the proportion of the direct effect of ER to the total effects significantly decreased in 2018, while the proportion of indirect effects under the agglomeration effect increased significantly. Our findings provide reference for the government to design effective environmental policies to guide the location choice of new PIFs.

scholarly journals TANTANGAN MASYARAKAT MARITIM PASCA TSUNAMI DI PESANGGARAN DESA PESANGGARAN BANYUWANGI

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Fitriara Huda ◽  
Akhmad Touwil Firdaus ◽  
(Prosiding Seminar Nasional FKIP Univeristas PGRI Banyuwangi
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Eurasian Plate ◽  
Tsunami Disaster ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Phenomenological Perspective ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
Maritime Community

Banyuwangi as the eastern end of the island of Java with its unique and interesting maritime natural nuance mainly due to its position in the South Coast Sea region. Although this positive value also has a negative impact due to Indonesia's geographical conditions located in areas prone to earthquakes and tsunamis, this is a result of the three seabed plates, namely the Eurasian Plate, the Indo Australia Plate and the Pacific Plate. The tsunami disaster finally came to Banyuwangi June 3, 1994 with a major impact on the socio-economic conditions of the maritime community, especially in the southern coastal area of Banyuwangi, namely Pesanggaran Subdistrict. Forests and beaches in Kecamatan Pesanggaran are still natural and very interesting and have the characteristics of each of them. After the disaster, the community prioritizes conditions as the beginning of the change. However, changes with additional assistance from the Banyuwangi District Government have not yet had an impact to strengthen the socio-economic conditions of the maritime community in Hamlet. This research is to find out about the socio-economic conditions of the maritime community in Pesanggaran Village with a unique and interesting place after the tsunami disaster until now. The results of the study are used as a reference and basis for consideration for the maritime community in the Ringinagung Village and the Banyuwangi Regency Government to hold a number of socio-economic reforms related to the world of tourism. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design that uses a phenomenological perspective. The selection of respondents using snow ball, where the sample in this study is the maritime community located in Pesanggaran Subdistrict, Banyuwangi Regency. The method used in data analysis is descriptive qualitative. The results of the study will be a recommendation for an in-depth understanding of the socio-economic conditions of the community through the use of the surrounding natural environment and the role of the government in granting new policies to the maritime community on the southern coast of Banyuwangi.

scholarly journals Modernization of the Caspian States economy (Kazakhstan as an example)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-267
Author(s):  
E. M. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
Resource Model ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Modernization

The emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union countries of the Caspian region have much in common in their resource and economic conditions. The dynamics of their development is also largely identical. Therefore, the article considers the processes of modernization of the Kazakhstan’s economy during the independence period as a typical state of the region. The author investigated the reasons for the choice of the resource model in the course of going to the world economy and the government actions on economic modernization and the beginning of the transition to innovation and industrial development.

scholarly journals How Do Economic Fluctuations Affect the Mortality of Infectious Diseases?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Ting Sun ◽  
Ran Tao ◽  
Chi-Wei Su ◽  
Muhammad Umar
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Fluctuations ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Vector Autoregression Model ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This paper uses the mixed frequency vector autoregression model to explore the impact of economic fluctuations on infectious diseases mortality (IDM) from China perspective. We find that quarterly gross domestic product (GDP) fluctuations have a negative impact on the annual IDM, indicating that the mortality of infectious diseases varies counter-cyclically with the business cycle in China. Specifically, IDM usually increases with deterioration in economic conditions, and vice versa. The empirical results are consistent with the hypothesis I derived from the theoretical analysis, which highlights that economic fluctuations can negatively affect the mortality of infectious diseases. The findings can offer revelations for the government to consider the role of economic conditions in controlling the epidemic of infectious diseases. Policymakers should adopt appropriate and effective strategies to mitigate the potential negative effects of macroeconomic downturns on the mortality of infectious diseases. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, these analyses further emphasize the importance of promoting economic growth, increasing public health expenditure, and preventing and controlling foreign infectious diseases.

scholarly journals INTEGRATION MODEL OF CREATIVE TELEMATICS INDUSTRIES WITH MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN WEST JAWA PROVINCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Nurhasan Nurhasan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Design Development ◽  
West Java ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
Symbiotic Mutualism ◽  
The Government ◽  
Productivity And Competitiveness

This research is important to integrate the vision and mission of Small and Medium Industries of Creative Telematics with the vision and mission of the Manufacturing Industry especially in West Java province, considering the facts or  existing condition  that between Small and Medium Industries of Creative Telematics and the Manufacturing Industry still run on their own way and there has not been symbiotic mutualism  relations and /or orientation of activities between the two levels of industry has not been integrated. This study was conducted by using empirical juridical approach which is oriented towards holistic study and in the process, legal disciplines receive related disciplines .Analysis of the object of research was conducted through legal analysis The results of this analysis is the drafting of Integration Model Construction of Small and Medium Industries of Creative Telematics in the strengthening of manufacturing industry to increase productivity and competitiveness of industry in west java province, which can be briefly described as follows: a) Intellectual Property Rights produced by Small and Medium Industries of Creative Telematics either Copyrights, Patents, industrial design, or Right to Layout Design of Integrated Circuits is appreciated and is utilized by the specific manufacturing industry, so that both Small and Medium Industries of Creative Telematics and specific manufacturing industry get Added Value to increase the productivity and the competitiveness of local industry and national industry, and periodically Small and Medium Industries of Creative Telematics get the program of technical and management assistance  from the specific manufacturing industry in order to meet the standardization of quality of products and quantity of products which is in accordance with standards set by the specific manufacturing industry, and also to gain greater trust from Financial Services  to boost the capital; b) the specific manufacturing Industry got efficiency and effectiveness in developing the investments especially related to the fulfillment of the market demands ( design development) and production capacity through symbiotic mutualism and Small and Medium Industries of Creative Telematics; c) The government obtained the holistic study as materials to formulate legislation (Act, government regulations, local regulations) in the field of development of Small and Medium Industries of Creative Telematics in particular, the integrated industrial development and the sustainable industrial development, and the increase of regional revenue in the form of both local taxes and levies. and d) Financial Institutions ( Financial Services ) can reduce or minimize the potency of bad loans from the Small and Medium Industries of Creative Telematics.    

Review of Socio-economic Conditions of Bidi Workers in Bangladesh: Perspective Haragachh, Rangpur

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Omar Faruque
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Government

The government is trying to discourage smoking through various programs, and at the same time is generating huge revenue from this sector. Basically, it is a contradiction. This research is also discouraging the bidi industry. According to the REOBTB (2019) report, the number of bidi workers in the country is 1,34,926, of which 54,694 are engaged in permanent production and excluding the number of children, this number stands at 47,918 with an average monthly income of Tk 1,982. According to the report, the total number of bidi industries in the country is 198. Every year a large number of bidis and cigarettes are produced from these factories which contribute to our national economy. It is very sad but true that, every year a large number of Bidi workers are suffering from complex diseases, which is having a massive negative impact on the national health sector. As a result, it is now more important to assess the socio-economic conditions of these workers properly. Out of the 198 bidi industries in the country, 53 are located in the Rangpur district. As a result, in order to engage the people of the region in sustainable development, it is necessary to properly assess the socio-economic status of this huge number of bidi workers and adopt a proper action plan based on those results. The objective of this study is to assess the socio-economic status of bidi industry workers, Haragachh, Rangpur. Primary and secondary data are used in this research work. Numerical analysis is given priority in the study. A structured questionnaire is used for the purpose of data collection. The results of the study said that, if child labor is not stopped in time, it will be difficult to achieve the SDG goal by 2021-2025. It is a matter of sorrow that no worker bears an appointment letter. As a result, they may face legal complications at any time. At the same time, the health risks in the factory are extremely high. It is time to reduce the health risks of this huge number of bidi workers and take necessary actions to ensure their rights. ------------------------------------- বিড়ি ও বিড়িশ্রম উভয়ই স্বাস্থের জন্য ক্ষতিকর। সরকার নানান কর্মসূচির মাধ্যমে ধূমপানকে নিরুৎসাহিত করার চেষ্টা করছে, এবং একইসাথে এই খাত থেকে প্রচুর রাজস্বও আদায় করছে। এটা পরস্পরবিরোধীতা। দি রেভিনিউ অ্যান্ড এমপ্লয়মেন্ট আউটকাম অব বিড়ি ট্যাক্সেশন ইন বাংলাদেশ (২০১৯) শীর্ষক গবেষণা প্রতিবেদনে বলা হয়েছে, দেশে বিড়ি শ্রমিকের সংখ্যা ১,৩৪,৯২৭জন, যার মধ্যে স্থায়ী উৎপাদন কাজে নিয়োজিত শ্রমিকের সংখ্যা ৫৪,৬৯৪জন এবং শিশুর সংখ্যা বাদ দিলে এই সংখ্যা দাঁড়ায় ৪৬৯১৬জন যাদের মাসিক গড় আয় ১৯৭২টাকা। প্রতিবেদনে আর বলা হয়েছে, দেশে মোট বিড়িশিল্পের সংখ্যা ১৯৮টি। বিবিসি (২০২০) এক প্রতিবেদনে বলেছে, বর্তমানে দেশে বিড়িশিল্পের বাজার প্রায় ২০০০ কোটি টাকার এবং তা ক্রমাগত বাড়ছে। বাজার হিসেবে যা পৃথিবীর ৮ম। প্রতিদিন সরকার এই খাত থেকে ২০ কোটি টাকা রাজস্ব আয় করে। কিন্তু দুঃখজনক হলেও সত্যি, প্রতিবছর বিড়িশ্রমিকদের একটি বড় অংশ জটিল রোগে আক্রান্ত হচ্ছে, যা জাতীয় স্বাস্থ্যখাতে ব্যাপক নেতিবাচক প্রভাব ফেলছে। ফলে সামগ্রিকভাবে এইখাত জাতীয় অর্থনীতিতে নীট কতটুকু ইতিবাচক অগ্রগতি ঘটাচ্ছে তা নিঃন্দেহে গবেষণার দাবি রাখে। কিন্তু তারচেয়েও গুরুত্বপূর্ণ হয়ে পড়েছে আমাদের বর্তমান বিড়িশ্রমিকদের ভালোথাকা—মন্দথাকার বিষয়টি। এই খাতের সাথে প্রত্যক্ষ ও পরোক্ষভাবে কয়েক লক্ষ মানুষ জড়িত। ফলে এইসব বিড়িশ্রমিকদের আর্থ—সামাজিক অবস্থা সঠিকভাবে নিরুপণ করা প্রতিদিন অধিকতর গুরত্বপূর্ণ হয়ে উঠছে।

Industrial development policies in southern China: the specialised towns programme

2009 ◽  
pp. 179-198
Author(s):  
Elisa Barbieri ◽  
Marco Di Tommaso ◽  
Lauretta Rubini
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
The Government ◽  
Two Phases

- The aim of this article is to provide an updated picture of the ongoing policies implemented by the government of the Guangdong Province to foster the development (and the institutional acknowledgement) of a growing number of industrial clusters, defined as "specialised towns". These policies have been implemented as part of an ambitious and impressive program called "one city-one product" plan organized in two phases. In the first phase (2000-2003) the program has mainly tried to rationalise the location choices of national and foreign firms that, starting from the Nineties, have gradually invaded and then saturated the central area of the Province. In the second phase (2003-ongoing) the program has been utilised to improve the territorial rebalancing, trying to foster the birth and development of specialised productive clusters also in peripheral areas characterised by a lower firm density and, more in general, by a lower GDP level. The article enters into the details of the initiative for the development of specialised towns, paying particular attention to the policies supporting the innovative and technological capacity of firms operating in the specialised towns. Keywords: industrial development policy, South China, specialised towns, clustering Parole chiave: politiche di sviluppo industriale, Cina meridionale, cittŕ specializzate, clustering Jel Classification: O25 - O38

A Comparative Study of the Equipment Manufacturing Industry Cluster Development Mode

2013 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Tai Fu Bi ◽  
Ping Shen
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
Industry Cluster ◽  
Environmental Innovation ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Equipment Manufacturing ◽  
Equipment Manufacturing Industry ◽  
The Government

The Development of equipment manufacturing industry cluster is a strategic choice for the revitalization of the old industrial bases, and the development of industrial clusters needs base on the high-quality market-oriented environment. But in the case of serious deficiencies in the market, cluster enterprises being in a weak position, limited ability of entrepreneurial behavior, the development of industrial clusters necessarily depends on the government's reform and progress, and needs government environmental innovation to create a suitable growing economic environment and social mechanisms for the rapid agglomeration of the industry. The belief that the government should create an environment and society can create wealth is an important factor of the of governmental innovation environment in the manufacturing industry cluster development environment.

scholarly journals The New Way: How to Achieve Indonesia Higher Economic Growth in 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Rizal Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Industry Growth ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Economic Growth Rate ◽  
The Third ◽  
Industry Sector ◽  
The Government

Rizal Ramli, a prominent national figure, senior technocrat and economist, argues that the government must reverse the logic built so far: Indonesia must first increase its economic growth to above 7%, then investment will surely come again. This paper is a his view of the economic conditions of the Jokowi era and how to rebuild Indonesia's economy going forward to rise from an alarming slump So far, he argues, deindustrialization has accelerated in the Joko Widodo era. The setback is marked by growth in the manufacturing industry sector until the third quarter of 2018 was 4.3% slower than the growth in the same period in 2017 at 4.8% and the processing industry growth rate is 4.3%, lower than the economic growth rate of 5%.

scholarly journals The Agglomeration of Manufacturing Industry, Innovation and Haze Pollution in China: Theory and Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhidong Liu ◽  
Yang Cai ◽  
Xiaojing Hao
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Balance Growth ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Industrial Manufacturing ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Inflection Points ◽  
Haze Pollution ◽  
Endogenous Growth Model

Haze pollution in China is a serious environmental issue, which does harm both to people’s health and to economic development. Simultaneously, as an important industrial development law, agglomeration may result in the increased concentration of manufacturing firms and, consequently, an increase in haze pollution. However, the positive externalities of agglomeration can also improve the efficiency of regional innovation, which curbs haze pollution. In this paper, we construct both theoretical and empirical models to investigate the effects of industrial manufacturing agglomeration on haze pollution. The results reveal the following: (1) By incorporating the effect of agglomeration and haze pollution into a general endogenous growth model, we show an inverted-U relationship between agglomeration and haze pollution on the balance growth path. (2) Based on data concerning haze pollution (PM2.5) and data from 285 Chinese cities, the empirical results verify the findings of the theoretical model. Further, we calculated the values of agglomeration variables, with respect to the inflection points of the inverted-U, which the cities need to reach in order to gain the specific agglomeration values required to enjoy the inhibition effect of agglomeration on haze pollution. (3) A heterogeneity analysis shows that the inverted-U relationship is more obvious among the cities in the middle and northeastern areas of China, as well as medium-size cities. (4) Cities’ environmental regulation policies and high-quality institutional environments can restrain the positive effect of agglomeration on haze pollution. (5) Using three measures of innovation, it is also empirically found that innovation is the mechanism (mediator) between agglomeration and haze pollution.

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