scholarly journals Who Can I Trust in a Scary World? An Examination of the Objects of Trust, Information Sources and Social Distancing Intention amid COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5321
Author(s):  
Lu Wei ◽  
Tien-Tsung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Individual Outcomes ◽  
Information Exposure ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship

Trust is a central construct of social research. While numerous studies have investigated trust as either a dependent or independent variable, little attention has been paid to its relationship with health-related behaviors in the context of a public health crisis. How trust in different entities influences people’s social distancing intention is therefore an important question that merits academic scrutiny. Moreover, the relationship between trust and social distancing intention cannot be well understood without an account of the information environment. As previous studies have reached a consensus about the limited effects of information exposure on individual outcomes, this research focuses on possible moderating effects. Results show that information exposure, no matter via interpersonal or media sources, has no direct effects on behavioral intention. Rather, risk communication serves as a moderator of the relationship between trust and social distancing intention.

scholarly journals Self-reported compliance and attitudes about social distancing during the COVID-19 outbreak

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brauer Group Lab
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
The Media ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
News Networks

We studied self-reports of social distancing in a nationally representative survey of U.S. adults. We found that younger, less educated individuals who do not see social distancing as effective or the norm are currently less likely to fully comply with social distancing recommendations. Barriers such as not being able to tolerate social distancing for a long time prevent individuals from doing so, while seeing how distancing can help one's family and others is a potential benefit that could be made salient to encourage compliance. Communication campaigns aimed at increasing social distancing should use trusted sources such as public health officials and should work through national news networks and social media, as these are the media most used by the individuals whose behavior we need to change to address the current public health crisis.

scholarly journals Cardio‐Oncology in the Era of the COVID‐19 Pandemic and Beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Addison ◽  
Courtney M. Campbell ◽  
Avirup Guha ◽  
Arjun K. Ghosh ◽  
Susan F. Dent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Oncology Care ◽  
After Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has emerged as a global pandemic and public health crisis. Increasing waves of intermittent infectious outbreaks have dramatically influenced care among broad populations. Over the past 2 decades, there has been a rapid increase in cancer survival, with >400 000 new survivors each year. The increasingly common presence of cardiovascular disease in patients during or after cancer treatment led to the rapid growth of the field of cardio‐oncology with a mandate of identifying, treating, and preventing the various forms of cardiovascular disease seen among this population. This review evaluates the implications of the pandemic on the practice and study of cardio‐oncology. The evolving understanding of the relationship between comorbid disease and clinical outcomes among this population is assessed. With the impetus of the pandemic, cardio‐oncology can be deliberate in embracing changes to cardiac screening, monitoring, and intervention during oncology care. Bridging 2 specialties, consideration of the lessons learned in cancer and cardiovascular may pivotally inform ongoing therapeutic efforts. Further, the development of multicenter registries focused on understanding and optimizing outcomes among these patients should be considered. Together, these insights may critically inform strategies for the care of cardio‐oncology patients in future phases of the COVID‐19 pandemic and beyond.

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship Between Empathy, Self-Construal Style, and Self-Reported Social Distancing Tendencies During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Michael Galang ◽  
Devin Johnson ◽  
Sukhvinder S. Obhi
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
National Data ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
Dimensional Measure ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
The Relationship

Social distancing has become the most prominent measure many countries have implemented to combat the spread of COVID-19. The aim of the current study was to explore the potential role of empathy and self-construal styles, as individual personality traits, on self-reported social distancing. Participants completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (a multi-dimensional measure of trait-levels of empathy), the Singelis Self-Construal Scale (a measure of self-construal styles), and were asked to rate their level of social distancing and how much they endorsed social distancing on a five-point Likert-scale. Across a large and diverse sample (with participants collected from Canada, United Kingdom, Sweden, and United States; total n = 967), results showed that trait-levels of empathic concern (EC) and perspective taking (PT) positively correlates with social distancing. However, we did not find evidence to suggest that trait-levels of personal distress correlates with social distancing. We interpret these findings as suggesting that empathy, both its altruistic (EC) and cognitive (PT) dimensions, plays an important role in motivating people to socially distance and should be emphasized during times of crisis. Furthermore, we suggest that emphasizing a person’s self-distress during times of crisis may not be an effective approach in promotion social distancing policies (or other prosocial behaviors). We also found that both independence and interdependence self-construal styles positively correlates with social distancing. While we expected the latter result, we did not expect the former. This suggests that more work is needed to fully understand how self-construal styles, along with their cultural level analogs (i.e., Individualism-Collectivism), influences social distancing. Overall, these results provide us with novel multi-national data about the role of individual differences on social distancing tendencies specifically, and human behavior during a global health crisis more generally.

COVID-19 and the Rise of Participatory SIGINT: An Examination of the Rise in Government Surveillance Through Mobile Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (12) ◽  
pp. 1780-1785
Author(s):  
Rose Bernard ◽  
Gemma Bowsher ◽  
Richard Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
State Of Exception ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Intelligence Collection ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
Government Surveillance ◽  
The Relationship

The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a significant growth in government surveillance techniques globally, primarily through the use of cell phone applications. However, although these applications can have actionable effects on public health efforts to control pandemics, the participatory or voluntary nature of these measures is obscuring the relationship between health information and traditional government surveillance techniques, potentially preventing effective oversight. Public health measures have traditionally been resistant to the integration of government-led intelligence techniques, such as signals intelligence (SIGINT), because of ethical and legal issues arising from the nature of surveillance techniques. We explore this rise of participatory SIGINT and its nature as an extension of biosurveillance through 3 drivers: the rise of surveillance capitalism, the exploitation of a public health crisis to obscure state of exception politics with a moral imperative, and the historically enduring nature of emergency-implemented surveillance measures. We conclude that although mobile applications may indeed be useful in containing pandemics, they should be subject to similar oversight and regulation as other government intelligence collection techniques.

hiv/aids in Indonesia and its Theological Dimension

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-110
Author(s):  
Daniel Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
International Public Health ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

This article discusses hiv/aids in Indonesia and responds to the hiv/aids crisis from a theological/pastoral perspective. hiv/aids is growing in Indonesia and many Indonesians have died from the disease. hiv/aids is not only a fatal disease and an international public health crisis; it also affects the sufferers and their community socially, economically, psychologically and spiritually, raising theological questions beyond simply the consideration of physiological disease. The article describes the response to hiv/aids in Indonesia, including from Christian churches, then explores the treatment of suffering and sickness in the Bible, along with research and literature responding to the emergence of hiv/aids as an issue for the church. Jesus’ opposition to stigmatization is highlighted, as well as an analysis of the relationship of difference between ‘healing’ and ‘curing’. Finally the article offers an analysis of hope from the perspective of the Christian Gospel, including hope’s call to the church to respond fully to the challenge to care for, and accompany people, with hiv/aids and their communities.

scholarly journals Dysbiosis and obesity: implications of the gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Carli Pinto ◽  
Danilo Everton Cunha Cavalcante ◽  
Etianne Andrade Araújo ◽  
Francione Moreira Cabral ◽  
Jhonatas Mota Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Mucosal Permeability ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Fundamental Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Present Systematic Review

Introduction: Obesity has been considered a public health crisis, contributing as a risk factor for several important chronic diseases and even death. Considering this fact, it is noteworthy that there is a fundamental relationship between the intestine and health, and this organ is considered by modern medicine as our second brain in the concept of intestinal permeability. Within the evaluation of the food process, effective nutritional absorption can be altered due to imbalances, such as malabsorption, drug-nutrient interaction, changes in mucosal permeability, and, consequently, an imbalance in the gut microbiota. Dysbiosis is characterized by these negative changes that occur in the intestine. In this sense, the present systematic review study sought to answer: What influences can the microbiota composition have on the metabolic syndrome and obesity process? Objective: To elucidate the relationship between the presence of intestinal dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of obesity. Methods: This is a bibliographic review work where the MEDLINE, PubMed, and SciELO databases were consulted using the following descriptors: Human gut microbiota, obesity, dysbiosis. Results and Conclusion: Based on the literature that supports this theme, it was possible to observe that in the obese population there is an increase in bacteria of the genus Firmicutes and a decrease in the genus Bacteriodetes, with the blocking of factors and proteins that regulate the homeostasis of the absorption of lipids and fatty acids being observed thus being able to alter the energy metabolism leading to a greater accumulation of adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Asthma and COVID-19: a dangerous liaison?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Lombardi ◽  
Federica Gani ◽  
Alvise Berti ◽  
Pasquale Comberiati ◽  
Diego Peroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Current Concerns ◽  
Respiratory Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), provoked the most striking international public health crisis of our time. COVID-19 can cause a range of breathing problems, from mild to critical, with potential evolution to respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Elderly adults and those affected with chronic cardiovascular, metabolic, and respiratory conditions carry a higher risk of severe COVID-19. Given the global burden of asthma, there are well-founded concerns that the relationship between COVID-19 and asthma could represent a “dangerous liaison”.Here we aim to review the latest evidence on the links between asthma and COVID-19 and provide reasoned answers to current concerns, such as the risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or severe COVID-19 stratified by asthmatic patients, the contribution of type-2 vs. non-type-2 asthma and asthma-COPD overlap to the risk of COVID-19 development. We also address the potential role of both standard anti-inflammatory asthma therapies and new biological agents for severe asthma, such as mepolizumab, reslizumab, and benralizumab, on the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 outcomes.

scholarly journals Social Distancing in the Hubei Province: Emotional Attitudes of Chinese citizens at the Outbreak of COVID-19 (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lining Shen ◽  
Rui Yao ◽  
Wenli Zhang ◽  
Richard Evans ◽  
Guang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
User Characteristics ◽  
Sina Weibo ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND Wuhan, the epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak, imposed citywide lockdown measures on 23 January 2020. Neighboring cities in the Hubei province followed suit with the government enforcing social distancing measures to restrict the spread of the disease throughout the province. Few studies have examined the emotional attitudes of citizens on social media platforms towards the imposed social distancing measures, and the factors that affected their emotions. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is twofold. First, we detect the emotional attitudes of different groups of Sina Weibo users towards the social distancing measures imposed by the Peoples Government of Hubei Province. Second, we study the influencing factors of their emotions as well as the impact of imposed measures on users' emotions. METHODS Sina Weibo, one of China's largest social media platforms, was chosen as the primary data source. Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) was used to analyze users' emotions, while logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the influence of independent variables on users' emotions, such as age and spatial locations. Further, the moderating effects of social distancing measures on the relationship between user characteristics and users' emotions are discussed through the interaction effects between the measures and independent variables. RESULTS We identified six topics of discussion, including delaying the resumption of work and school, travel restrictions, traffic restrictions, extending the Lunar New Year holiday, closing public spaces, and community containment. First, the main emotions shown by citizens were negative, including anger and fear. Women were observed to hold stronger and more positive emotions than men. Users located in the Hubei Province showed the highest amount of negative emotions in Mainland China. In addition, those who lived in emigrant provinces, or those with a high number of follows and / or posts, were inclined to express positive emotions. Older users and those with more fans were inclined to be neutral, while users in the Hubei Province, and with a longer registration time on the Sina Weibo platform, were more likely to express negative emotions. Further, different social distancing measures had unalike moderating effects on the relationship between user characteristics and users' emotions. CONCLUSIONS This study identified the emotional attitudes of Sina Weibo users towards the social distancing measures imposed by the Peoples Government of Hubei Province, and determined the characteristics that affect users' emotions, including the factor of social distancing measures. The results provide government agencies with better understanding of Internet users opinions on related events, and provide a reference point for social media platforms to push targeted content.

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