scholarly journals Prevalence of Missing Values and Protest Zeros in Contingent Valuation in Dental Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7219
Author(s):  
Pedram Sendi ◽  
Arta Ramadani ◽  
Michael M. Bornstein
Keyword(s):  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
False Information ◽  
Complete Case ◽  
Zero Values ◽  
Elicitation Procedure

Background: The number of contingent valuation (CV) studies in dental medicine using willingness-to-pay (WTP) methodology has substantially increased in recent years. Missing values due to absent information (i.e., missingness) or false information (i.e., protest zeros) are a common problem in WTP studies. The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of missing values in CV studies in dental medicine, to assess how these have been dealt with, and to suggest recommendations for future research. Methods: We systematically searched electronic databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PROSPERO) on 8 June 2021, and hand-searched references of selected reviews. CV studies in clinical dentistry using WTP for valuing a good or service were included. Results: We included 49 WTP studies in our review. Out of these, 19 (38.8%) reported missing values due to absent information, and 28 (57.1%) reported zero values (i.e., WTP valued at zero). Zero values were further classified into true zeros (i.e., representing the underlying preference of the respondent) or protest zeros (i.e., false information as a protest behavior) in only 9 studies. Most studies used a complete case analysis to address missingness while only one study used multiple imputation. Conclusions: There is uncertainty in the dental literature on how to address missing values and zero values in CV studies. Zero values need to be classified as true zeros versus protest zeros with follow-up questions after the WTP elicitation procedure, and then need to be handled differently. Advanced statistical methods are available to address both missing values due to missingness and due to protest zeros but these are currently underused in dental medicine. Failing to appropriately address missing values in CV studies may lead to biased WTP estimates of dental interventions.

Improvement of Acupuncture Therapy on Relapse of P atients with G outy A rthritis: A Pairwise and Bayesian Network Meta analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihui Li ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Chunzhi Tang
Keyword(s):  
Acupuncture Therapy ◽  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Serum Urate ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fire Needle ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of acupuncturetherapy on relapse of patients with gouty arthritis (GA). Methods: “gout ORgouty arthritis” AND “a cupuncture therapy OR acupuncture OR moxibustionOR electroacupuncture OR fire needle OR acupotomology OR blood lettingpuncture OR plum blossom needle” were used as search strategies forsearching related studies. Twenty two studies involving 2394 patient s wereenrolled in this research through the analysis of databases of CNKI, Wanfang,VIP, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library. Results: The results of pairwise metaanalysis and network meta analysis (NMA) indicated that patients withacupuncture therapy had a significantly lower relapse rate (RR) compared withthose without acupuncture therapy (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.16 0.26, P <0.00001); the follow up time (TFU) and serum urate concentration (SUA)before treatment had no significant effect on the reductio n of RR caused byacupuncture therapy (P > 0.05); and patients treated with acupuncture plusWestern medicine (WM) had the lowest RR (surface under the cumulativeranking [SUCRA] = 85.0%), followed by acupuncture plus traditional Chinesemedicine (TCM, SUC RA = 73.5%), acupuncture only (SUCRA = 72.8%),fourthly acupuncture plus TCM and WM (SUCRA = 33.0%), then TCM(SUCRA = 28.7%), finally WM (SUCRA = 7.0%). Conclusion: Our findingmay facilitate the application of acupuncture therapy in patients with GA. Ourresearch also offered some information for the future research.

scholarly journals Gender Perspective in Research on Interventions in Children with Experiences of Parental Gender-Based Violence: Application of GPIHR Criteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11047
Author(s):  
Benjamín Pereira-Román ◽  
Concepción López-Soler ◽  
María Vicenta Alcántara López
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Parental Gender ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Definition Of

The aim of this study was to analyse the inclusion of a gender perspective (GP) in scientific production on interventions for a reduction in psychological distress in children who have experienced parental gender-based violence (CEXPGBV). To achieve this, a review of publications was carried out in the Web of Science, EBSCOhost, ProQuest and Cochrane Library databases. A total of 3418 records were found, and 44 items of research selected. For GP analysis, the questionnaire “Gender perspective in health research” (GPIHR) was applied and relationships with the terminology of violence were analysed, as well as the definition of term used, references to violence by men or received by women and the instruments used to assess these. Generally, the assessed studies do not contain a GP, since 70% of the GPIHR items were answered negatively. Likewise, 89% of research used general terms to refer to violence without referring to gender. These results show the importance of considering instruments such as GPIHR in both the planning and development of future research in order to avoid possible gender bias.

scholarly journals No Influence of Overweight/Obesity on Exercise Lipid Oxidation: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avigdor D. Arad ◽  
Anthony J. Basile ◽  
Jeanine Albu ◽  
Fred J. DiMenna
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Similar Extent ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Physically Active

Compared to lean counterparts, overweight/obese individuals rely less on lipid during fasting. This deficiency has been implicated in the association between overweight/obesity and blunted insulin signaling via elevated intramuscular triglycerides. However, the capacity for overweight/obese individuals to use lipid during exercise is unclear. This review was conducted to formulate a consensus regarding the influence of overweight/obesity on exercise lipid use. PubMed, ProQuest, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Articles were included if they presented original research on the influence of overweight/obesity on exercise fuel use in generally healthy sedentary adults. Articles were excluded if they assessed older adults, individuals with chronic disease, and/or exercise limitations or physically-active individuals. The search identified 1205 articles with 729 considered for inclusion after duplicate removal. Once titles, abstracts, and/or manuscripts were assessed, 24 articles were included. The preponderance of evidence from these articles indicates that overweight/obese individuals rely on lipid to a similar extent during exercise. However, conflicting findings were found in eight articles due to the outcome measure cited, participant characteristics other than overweight/obesity and characteristics of the exercise bout(s). We also identified factors other than body fatness which can influence exercise lipid oxidation that should be controlled in future research.

Chemokines in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongfeng Pan ◽  
Atipatsa C Kaminga ◽  
Shi Wu Wen ◽  
Aizhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Mean Differences

Abstract Accumulating evidence suggests that chemokines may play an important role in the formation and mediating of the immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The purpose of this meta-analysis was to explore the differences in blood or tissues chemokines concentrations between HCC patients and controls. Online databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library, were systematically searched for relevant articles published on or before 15 January 2020. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals of the chemokines concentrations were calculated as group differences between the HCC patients and the controls. Sixty-five studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Altogether they consisted of 26 different chemokines compared between 5828 HCC patients and 4909 controls; and 12 different chemokines receptors compared between 2053 patients and 2285 controls. The results of meta-analysis indicated that concentrations of CCL20, CXCL8 and CXCR4 in the HCC patients were significantly higher than those in the controls (SMD of 6.18, 1.81 and 1.04, respectively). Therefore, higher concentration levels of CCL20, CXCL8 and CXCR4 may indicate the occurrence of HCC Future research should explore the putative mechanisms underlying this linkage. Meanwhile, attempts can be made to replicate the existing findings in prospective cohort populations and explore the cause-and-effect relationships pertaining to this linkage in order to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for HCC.

scholarly journals Static Progressive Orthoses for Elbow Contracture: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Jianhua Lin ◽  
Lifen Liu ◽  
Wenxin Niu
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Elbow Contracture

Background. As one of the most common musculoskeletal complications following trauma, elbow contracture is a frequent source of disabled daily activities. Conventional interventions are inadequate to provide favorable outcome. The static progressive orthoses are getting popular in the treatment of this problem.Objective. The purpose of this review was to assess the effectiveness of static progressive orthoses for elbow contracture.Methods. Literatures when written in English published during 1 January 1997 and 31 January 2017 were searched in the following databases: Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EBSCOhost. Articles are quality-assessed by two assessors, each article was summarized in evidence tables, and a narrative synthesis was also performed.Results. Ten clinical trials were included. The study design and outcome measures used varied. Significant immediate improvement in the range of motion was reported by all studies, and those effects were still significant at follow-up. No significant difference was shown between static progressive and dynamic orthoses for elbow contracture in one randomized control trial.Conclusions. Current low-quality evidence suggested that static progressive orthoses provided assistance for elbow contracture through improving range of motion. Further research is recommended using high-quality randomized controlled trials.

Errors in Cancer Diagnosis: Current Understanding and Future Directions

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (31) ◽  
pp. 5009-5018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardeep Singh ◽  
Saurabh Sethi ◽  
Martin Raber ◽  
Laura A. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Clinical Encounter ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Contributory Factors ◽  
Malpractice Claims ◽  
Interdisciplinary Interventions

Purpose Errors in cancer diagnosis are likely the most harmful and expensive types of diagnostic errors. We reviewed the literature to understand the prevalence, origins, and prevention of errors in cancer diagnosis, focusing on common cancers for which early diagnosis offers clear benefit (melanoma and cancers of the breast, colon, and lung). Methods We searched the Cochrane Library and PubMed from 1966 until April 2007 for publications that met our review criteria and manually searched references of key publications. Our search yielded 110 studies, of which nine were prospective studies and the remaining were retrospective studies. Results Errors in cancer diagnosis were not uncommon in autopsy studies and were associated with significant harm and expense in malpractice claims. Literature on prevalence was scant. For each type of cancer, we classified preventable errors according to their origins in patient-physician encounters in the clinic setting, diagnostic test or procedure performance, pathologic confirmation of diagnosis, follow-up of patient or test result, or patient-related delays. Conclusion The literature reflects advanced knowledge of contributory factors and prevention for diagnostic errors related to the performance of procedures and imaging tests and emerging understanding of pathology errors. However, prospective studies are few, as are studies of diagnostic errors arising from the clinical encounter and patient follow-up. Future research should examine further the system and cognitive problems that lead to the many contributory factors we identified, and address interdisciplinary interventions to prevent errors in cancer diagnosis.

scholarly journals Relação estresse e cortisol nas forças policiais: análise bibliométrica com aplicabilidade do programa sophie

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Rosana Amora Ascari ◽  
Naraiane Fermino ◽  
Liana Lautert
Keyword(s):  
Work Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biological Psychiatry ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Pubmed Central

RESUMOObjetivo: analisar as evidências científicas acerca da relação estresse e cortisol nas forças policiais. Método: análise bibliométrica realizada em 34 artigos disponíveis on-line, no período de 2005 a 2015, nas bases dados SCOPUS, Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed Central® (PMC), CINAHL e Biblioteca Cochrane, selecionados por meio do Programa Sophie e analisados pela estatística descritiva simples. Resultados: houve predomínio de pesquisas quantitativas, nível de evidência quatro, com destaque ao periódico Biological Psychiatry na área interdisciplinar, sendo os Estados Unidos da América/EUA o país que mais publicou. Constatou-se predomínio da língua inglesa e qualis CAPES ou Fator de impacto equivalente a A1. Conclusão: poucos países pesquisam a associação de estresse e cortisol em policiais. A partir deste estudo, sugerem-se pesquisas futuras acerca do estresse laboral em policiais, incluindo intervenções para o controle de estresse laboral. Descritores: Estresse; Saúde do Trabalhador; Pesquisa Qualitativa; Bibliometria; Enfermagem. ABSTRACTObjective: to analyze the scientific evidences about the relationship between stress and cortisol in the police forces. Method: bibliometric analysis performed in 34 articles available online, from 2005 to 2015, on the basis of SCOPUS data, Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed Central® (PMC), CINAHL and the Cochrane Library, selected through the Sophie Program and analyzed by simple descriptive statistics. Results: there was a predominance of quantitative research, level of evidence four, with emphasis on the journal Biological Psychiatry in the interdisciplinary area, with the United States of America / USA being the most published country. It was found predominance of the English language and qualis CAPES or Impact Factor equivalent to A1. Conclusion: few countries investigate the association of stress and cortisol in police officers. From this study, we suggest future research about work stress in police, including interventions for the control of work stress. Descriptors: Stress; Occupational Health; Qualitative Research; Bibliometrics; Nursing.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar las evidencias científicas acerca de la relación estrés y cortisol en las fuerzas policiales. Método: análisis bibliométrico realizado en 34 artículos disponibles  online, en el período de 2005 a 2015, en las bases datos SCOPUS, Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed Central® (PMC), CINAHL y Biblioteca Cochrane, seleccionados a través del Programa Sophie y analizados por la estadística descriptiva simple. Resultados: hubo predominio de investigaciones cuantitativas, nivel de evidencia cuatro, con destaque al periódico Biological Psychiatry en el área interdisciplinaria, siendo los Estados Unidos de América / EE.UU. el país que más publicó. Se constató predominio de la lengua inglesa y qualis CAPES o Factor de impacto equivalente a A1. Conclusión: pocos países investigan la asociación de estrés y cortisol en policías. A partir de este estudio, se sugieren investigaciones futuras acerca del estrés laboral en policías, incluyendo intervenciones para el control de estrés laboral. Descriptores: Estrés; Salud Laboral; Investigación Cualitativa; Bibliometría; Enfermería.

Therapie alkoholbezogener Störungen im Alter: Ergebnisse der deutschen Stichprobe der randomisiert-kontrollierten ELDERLY-Studie bis zum 12-Monats-Follow-up

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Braun ◽  
Silke Behrendt ◽  
Daniela Piontek ◽  
Ludwig Kraus ◽  
Gerhard Bühringer
Keyword(s):  
Sich Eine ◽  
Complete Case ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Dsm 5

Zusammenfassung. Zielsetzung: Der demographische Wandel lässt eine höhere Anzahl älterer Personen mit Alkoholproblemen erwarten, deren therapeutische Versorgung bislang unzureichend ist. Mit der internationalen, randomisiert-kontrollierten ELDERLY-Studie wurden zwei Varianten einer ambulanten psychotherapeutischen Behandlung für Personen ab 60 Jahren mit einer Alkoholkonsumstörung nach DSM-5 (AS) in drei Ländern erprobt. Methodik: Nach der Baseline-Befragung wurden die zufällig zugeordneten Behandlungsgruppen nach 1, 3, 6 und 12 Monaten erneut untersucht. Erfasst wurden Veränderungen (Zeit und Gruppe) hinsichtlich Trinkmenge, Anzahl abstinenter Tage, Anzahl Tage Rauschtrinken und Tage risikoarmen Konsums sowie Anzahl zutreffender DSM-5-Kriterien für AS. Complete-Case- und Intention-to-treat-Analysen werden für die deutsche Teilstichprobe vorgestellt (n=203). Ergebnisse: Für beide Behandlungsgruppen ergaben sich stabil bis zu 12 Monate nach Baseline ein Anstieg der Abstinenzrate (18 %; t0: 4 %), des Anteils der Personen ohne einen Tag mit riskantem Konsum (45 %, t0: 4 %) sowie ohne Rauschtrinken (68 %, t0: 15 %). Auch zeigte sich eine Verringerung der Trinkmenge (Median bei 27 g Reinalkohol pro Trinktag; t0: 58 g) und Anzahl erfüllter AS-Kriterien (Median bei 2; t0: 5). Schlussfolgerungen: Die Verbesserungen des Trinkverhaltens und der AS-Symptome waren trotz relativ kurzer Behandlungsdauer stabil. Motivierende Interventionen, insbesondere die persönliche Rückmeldung zum Trinkverhalten, bewirken auch bei älteren Personen mit alkoholbezogenen Störungen Verhaltensänderungen. Ein therapeutischer Nihilismus ist unangebracht; vielmehr sollten spezifische Bedürfnisse der Zielgruppe beachtet und in passenden Versorgungsangeboten umgesetzt werden.

A Pilot Study of Mobile Telephone Message Interventions with Suicide Attempters in China

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Brian L. Mishara ◽  
Xiao Xian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Mobile Telephone ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
To Receive

Background: In China, where follow-up with hospitalized attempters is generally lacking, there is a great need for inexpensive and effective means of maintaining contact and decreasing recidivism. Aims: Our objective was to test whether mobile telephone message contacts after discharge would be feasible and acceptable to suicide attempters in China. Methods: Fifteen participants were recruited from suicide attempters seen in the Emergency Department in Wuhan, China, to participate in a pilot study to receive mobile telephone messages after discharge. All participants have access to a mobile telephone, and there is no charge for the user to receive text messages. Results: Most participants (12) considered the text message contacts an acceptable and useful form of help and would like to continue to receive them for a longer period of time. Conclusions: This suggests that, as a low-cost and quick method of intervention in areas where more intensive follow-up is not practical or available, telephone messages contacts are accessible, feasible, and acceptable to suicide attempters. We hope that this will inspire future research on regular and long-term message interventions to prevent recidivism in suicide attempters.

Apport de la rééducation myofonctionnelle orofaciale au traitement du syndrome d’apnées obstructives du sommeil : une revue systématique de la littérature

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 343-370
Author(s):  
Philippe Amat ◽  
Éric Tran Lu Y
Keyword(s):  
Core Collection ◽  
Qualité De Vie ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Essais Cliniques ◽  
Review Group ◽  
Revue Systématique ◽  
Étude De Cohorte ◽  
Traitement Multidisciplinaire ◽  
Qualité Du Sommeil

Introduction : Le syndrome d’apnées obstructives du sommeil (SAOS) est une affection très répandue et insuffisamment diagnostiquée, ce qui en fait un problème majeur de santé publique et de sécurité. La rééducation myofonctionnelle orofaciale (RMO) a été montrée efficace dans le traitement multidisciplinaire des SAOS de l’enfant, de l’adolescent et de l’adulte et elle est prescrite à plusieurs étapes de ces prises en charge. Objectifs : L’objectif principal de cette revue systématique de la littérature était d’évaluer l’efficacité de la rééducation myofonctionnelle orofaciale (RMO), active ou passive, dans le traitement du syndrome d’apnées obstructives du sommeil chez les enfants, les adolescents et les adultes. Matériel et méthodes : La revue systématique de la littérature fut entreprise à partir des trois bases de données électroniques : Medline (via PubMed),Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection, et complétée par une recherche limitée de la littérature grise (Google Scholar) afin d’identifier les études évaluant l’efficacité de la RMO sur le SAOS. Le critère de jugement principal était une diminution de l’indice d’apnées/hypopnées (IHA) d’au moins cinq épisodes par heure par rapport à l’état initial. Les critères de jugement secondaires étaient une amélioration de la qualité subjective du sommeil, de la qualité du sommeil mesurée par polysomnographie nocturne et de la qualité de vie mesurée subjectivement. Résultats : Seulement dix études répondaient à tous les critères d’inclusion. Huit étaient des essais cliniques contrôlés randomisés, une était une étude de cohorte prospective et une autre était une étude de cohorte rétrospective. Six études étaient consacrées au SAOS de l’adulte et quatre au SAOS pédiatrique. Toutes les études incluses ont été évaluées à « faible risque de biais » d’après les douze critères de risque de biais du Cochrane Back Review Group. D’après les données probantes disponibles, la RMO permet une réduction significative de l’IAH, jusqu’à 90,6 % chez l’enfant et jusqu’à 92,06 % chez l’adulte. Elle permet une diminution significative de l’intensité et de la fréquence du ronflement, participe à une réduction de la somnolence diurne, limite la réapparition des symptômes d’apnée obstructive du sommeil (AOS) après adénoamygdalectomie chez l’enfant et améliore l’adhésion au traitement par ventilation en pression positive continue (PPC). La RMO passive, avec l’assistance apportée au patient par le port d’une orthèse sur mesure à bille, augmente l’observance à la rééducation, permet une réduction significative de l’intensité du ronflement, de l’IAH et un accroissement significatif des voies aérifères supérieures. Conclusions : Les données publiées montrent que la rééducation myofonctionnelle orofaciale est efficace dans les traitements multidisciplinaires des SAOS de l’enfant, de l’adolescent et de l’adulte et devrait être largement prescrite à plusieurs étapes de ces prises en charge. La RMO passive, avec l’orthèse d’avancée mandibulaire à bille conçue par Michèle Hervy-Auboiron, aide à pallier les fréquents défauts d’observance observés lors des traitements par RMO active.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document