The Relationship between the Urinary Cadmium Concentration and Cause-Specific Mortality in Subjects without Severe Renal Damage: A 35-Year Follow-Up Study in a Cadmium-Polluted Area of Japan

We evaluated the association between urinary cadmium concentration (uCd, μg/g Cr) and risk of cause-specific mortality according to urinary β2-microglobulin (MG) concentration. Participants were 1383 male and 1700 female inhabitants of the Cd-polluted Kakehashi River basin. The uCd and β2-MG were evaluated in a survey in 1981–1982, where those participants were followed-up over 35 years later. Among the participants with a urinary β2-MG < 1000, the hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence interval) for mortality were significantly higher in those with a uCd of ≥ 10.0 compared with < 5.0 for cardiovascular disease [HR 1.92 (1.08–3.40) for men, 1.71 (1.07–2.71) for women], pneumonia or influenza [2.10 (1.10–4.00) for men, 2.22 (1.17–4.19) for women], and digestive diseases [for men; 3.81 (1.49–9.74)]. The uCd was significantly associated with mortality from heart failure in women and digestive diseases in men, after adjustment for other causes of death using the Fine and Gray competing risk regression model. For participants with a urinary β2-MG of ≥ 1000, no significant association was observed between uCd and any major cause of death. In the absence of kidney damage, Cd may increase the risk of death from cardiovascular disease, pneumonia, and digestive diseases.

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Age Increased Cancer-specific Mortality Risk of Thyroid Cancer With Lung Metastasis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-752896/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiu Huang ◽

Qing Xia ◽

Shen Qu ◽

Aimei Peng ◽

Jie Yang

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Lung Metastasis ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Individual Treatment ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Specific Mortality ◽

Cancer Specific Mortality ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background: To investigate the relationship between age and cancer-specific mortality in thyroid cancer (TC) with lung-metastasis.Methods: 1,418 patients with initial distant metastases from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results databases were investigated. Patients with median follow-up time of 8 months [interquartile range (IQR), 2–27] and median age of 66 years (IQR, 55-76) were divided into five groups by age and the association between age and TC-specific mortality was analyzed.Results: The TC-specific mortality rates were 32.78% (118/360), 46.71% (156/334), 53.93% (199/369), 58.96% (158/268) and 82.76% (72/87) for patients with age of ≤55 years,56-65 years, 66-75 years, 76-85 years and >85 years. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that TC-specific mortality rate was associated with increased age (p < 0.001). Compared with patients ≤55 years, patients of 56-65 years, 66-75 years, 76-85 years and >85 years had significantly higher hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.69(1.26-2.26), 1.97 (1.47-2.64), 2.18(1.59-2.99) and 3.24(2.08-5.06) after adjustments for gender, tumor size and radiation therapy (all p < 0.001).In TC with initial lung-metastasis, compared with patients ≤55 years, patients of 56-65 years, 66-75 years, 76-85 years and >85 years had significantly higher adjusted HRs of 1.68(1.20-2.36, p=0.003), 2.18(1.57-3.02), 2.16(1.51-3.08) and 2.91(1.79-4.75) (p < 0.001). Similar results could be obtained in papillary thyroid cancer.Conclusions: The TC-specific mortality increased with age in TC patients with initial lung-metastasis, which suggested that further risk stratification based on age was necessary for TC over 55 years with lung-metastasis. Individual treatment strategy maybe recommended for patients over 85 years.

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Peak flow as a predictor of cause-specific mortality in China: results from a 15-year prospective study of ∼170 000 men

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyt079 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 803-815 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Margaret Smith ◽

Maigeng Zhou ◽

Lijun Wang ◽

Richard Peto ◽

Gonghuan Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Respiratory Mortality ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Specific Mortality ◽

Study Population ◽

Log Linear

Abstract Background Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) is inversely associated with mortality in Western populations, but few studies have assessed the associations of peak expiratory flow (PEF) with subsequent cause-specific mortality, or have used populations in developing countries, including China, for such assessments. Methods A prospective cohort study followed ∼170 000 Chinese men ranging in age from 40–69 years at baseline (1990–1991) for 15 years. In the study, height-adjusted PEF (h-PEF), which was uncorrelated with height, was calculated by dividing PEF by height. Hazard ratios (HR) for cause-specific mortality and h-PEF, adjusted for age, area of residence, smoking, and education, were calculated through Cox regression analyses. Results Of the original study population, 7068 men died from respiratory causes (non-neoplastic) and 22 490 died from other causes (including 1591 from lung cancer, 5469 from other cancers, and 10 460 from cardiovascular disease) before reaching the age of 85 years. Respiratory mortality was strongly and inversely associated with h-PEF. For h-PEF ≥ 250 L/min, the association was log-linear, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.29 (95% CI: 1.25–1.34) per 100 L/min reduction in h-PEF. The association was stronger but not log-linear for lower values of h-PEF. Mortality from combined other causes was also inversely associated with h-PEF, and the association was log-linear for all values of h-PEF, declining with follow-up, with HRs per 100 L/min reduction in h-PEF of 1.13 (1.10–1.15), 1.08 (1.06–1.11), and 1.06 (1.03–1.08) in three consecutive 5-year follow-up periods. Specifically, lower values of h-PEF were associated with higher mortality from cardiovascular disease and lung cancer, but not from other cancers. Conclusions A lower value of h-PEF was associated with increased mortality from respiratory and other causes, including lung cancer and cardiovascular disease, but its associations with the other causes of death declined across the follow-up period.

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Prospective Analysis of Vegetable Amount and Variety on the Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality among US Adults, 1999–2011

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10101377 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1377 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zach Conrad ◽

Jessica Thomson ◽

Lisa Jahns

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Large Scale ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Risk Of Mortality ◽

Specific Mortality ◽

The Relationship

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015–2020 (DGA) provides recommendations for consuming a specific amount and variety of vegetables, but no studies have assessed the relationship between DGA-recommended vegetable variety and risk of mortality. We prospectively assessed the relationship between vegetable amount and variety and the risk of mortality using nationally-representative survey data (n = 29,133). Hazard ratios were estimated using survey-weighted, multivariate, Cox-proportional hazards models. Mean follow-up time was 6.5 years (12.8 years maximum). Total deaths from all causes were 2861, which included 829 deaths from cardiometabolic disease (556 coronary heart disease, 170 stroke, and 103 diabetes). Compared to individuals who reported consuming the greatest amount of vegetables daily, those with the least intake had a 78% greater risk of mortality from all causes (HR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.29–2.47), a 68% greater risk of death from cardiovascular disease (1.68, 1.08–2.62), and an 80% greater risk of death from coronary heart disease (1.80, 1.09–2.08). No relationships were observed between vegetable variety and risk of all-cause or cause-specific mortality. Greater vegetable amount, but not variety, was associated with a reduced risk of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and coronary heart disease. Additional large-scale longitudinal studies with repeated measures of dietary exposure are needed.

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The relationship between the bone mineral density and urinary cadmium concentration of residents in an industrial complex

Environmental Research ◽

10.1016/j.envres.2010.11.010 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 111 (1) ◽

pp. 101-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Minah Shin ◽

Domyung Paek ◽

Chungsik Yoon

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Cadmium Concentration ◽

Industrial Complex ◽

Urinary Cadmium ◽

Mineral Density ◽

The Relationship ◽

Urinary Cadmium Concentration

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HDL cholesterol: A potential mediator of the association between urinary cadmium concentration and cardiovascular disease risk

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111433 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 208 ◽

pp. 111433

Author(s):

Cheng Xu ◽

Zhenkun Weng ◽

Liye Zhang ◽

Jin Xu ◽

Maginsh Dahal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cadmium Concentration ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Urinary Cadmium ◽

Potential Mediator ◽

Urinary Cadmium Concentration

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Association with Longevity of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Regulatory Subunit 1 Gene Variants Stems from Protection against Mortality Risk in Men with Cardiovascular Disease

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000515390 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Timothy A. Donlon ◽

Randi Chen ◽

Kamal H. Masaki ◽

Bradley J. Willcox ◽

Brian J. Morris

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Life Span ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Regulatory Subunit ◽

Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase ◽

Survival Curves ◽

Genotypic Effect ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Phosphatidylinositol 3

Introduction: Genetic variation in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reregulatory subunit 1 gene (PIK3R1) is associated with longevity. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine whether cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects this association. Methods: We performed a longitudinal study of longevity-associated PIK3R1 single-nucleotide polymorphism rs7709243 genotype by CVD status in 3,584 elderly American men of Japanese ancestry. Results: At baseline (1991–1993), 2,254 subjects had CVD and 1,314 did not. The follow-up until Dec 31, 2019 found that overall, men with a CVD had higher mortality than men without a CVD (p = 1.7 × 10−5). However, survival curves of CVD subjects differed according to PIK3R1 genotype. Those with longevity-associated PIK3R1 TT/CC had survival curves similar to those of subjects without a CVD (p = 0.11 for TT/CC, and p = 0.054 for TC), whereas survival curves for CVD subjects with the CT genotype were significantly attenuated compared with survival curves of subjects without a CVD (p = 0.0000012 compared with TT/CC, and p = 0.0000028 compared with TC). Men without CVD showed no association of longevity-associated genotype with life span (p = 0.58). Compared to subjects without any CVD, hazard ratios for mortality risk were 1.26 (95% CI, 1.14–1.39; p = 0.0000043) for CT subject with CVD and 1.07 (95% CI 0.99–1.17; p = 0.097) for CC/TT subjects with CVD. There was no genotypic effect on life span for 1,007 subjects with diabetes and 486 with cancer. Conclusion: Our study provides novel insights into the basis for PIK3R1 as a longevity gene. We suggest that the PIK3R1 longevity genotype attenuates mortality risk in at-risk individuals by protection against cellular stress caused by CVD.

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Meta-analysis for deriving age- and gender-specific dose–response relationships between urinary cadmium concentration and β2-microglobulinuria under environmental exposure

Environmental Research ◽

10.1016/j.envres.2005.09.004 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 101 (1) ◽

pp. 104-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Masashi Gamo ◽

Kyoko Ono ◽

Junko Nakanishi

Keyword(s):

Environmental Exposure ◽

Dose Response ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cadmium Concentration ◽

Urinary Cadmium ◽

Age And Gender ◽

And Gender ◽

Gender Specific ◽

Urinary Cadmium Concentration

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Circulating Proangiogenic Cell Activity Is Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk

CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs ◽

10.1177/1087057112454919 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (9) ◽

pp. 1163-1170 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kreton Mavromatis ◽

Konstantinos Aznaouridis ◽

Ibhar Al Mheid ◽

Emir Veledar ◽

Saurabh Dhawan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cell Activity ◽

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

The Relationship

Vascular injury mobilizes bone marrow–derived proangiogenic cells into the circulation, where these cells can facilitate vascular repair and new vessel formation. We sought to determine the relationship between a new biomarker of circulating bone marrow–derived proangiogenic cell activity, the presence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors, and clinical outcomes. Circulating proangiogenic cell activity was estimated using a reproducible angiogenic colony-forming unit (CFU-A) assay in 532 clinically stable subjects aged 20 to 90 years and ranging in the CVD risk spectrum from those who are healthy without risk factors to those with active CVD. CFU-A counts increased with the burden of CVD risk factors ( p < 0.001). CFU-A counts were higher in subjects with symptomatic CVD than in those without ( p < 0.001). During follow-up of 232 subjects with CVD, CFU-A counts were higher in those with death, myocardial infarction, or stroke than in those without (110 [70–173] vs 84 [51–136], p = 0.01). Therefore, we conclude that circulating proangiogenic cell activity, as estimated by CFU-A counts, increases with CVD risk factor burden and in the presence of established CVD. Furthermore, higher circulating proangiogenic cell activity is associated with worse clinical outcome in those with CVD.

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