scholarly journals Boundary Objects: Engaging and Bridging Needs of People in Participatory Research by Arts-Based Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7903
Author(s):  
Barbara Groot ◽  
Tineke Abma
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Boundary Objects ◽  
Boundary Object ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Hidden Populations ◽  
Personal Boundaries ◽  
Participatory Health Research

Background: Participatory health research (PHR) is a research approach in which people, including hidden populations, share lived experiences about health inequities to improve their situation through collective action. Boundary objects are produced, using arts-based methods, to be heard by stakeholders. These can bring about dialogue, connection, and involvement in a mission for social justice. This study aims to gain insight into the value and ethical issues of boundary objects that address health inequalities. A qualitative evaluation is conducted on three different boundary objects, created in different participatory studies with marginalized populations (mothers in poverty, psychiatric patients, and unemployed people). A successful boundary object evokes emotions among those who created the objects and those encountering these objects. Such objects move people and create an impulse for change. The more provocative the object, the more people feel triggered to foster change. Boundary objects may cross personal boundaries and could provoke feelings of discomfort and ignorance. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to ethics work. Boundary objects that are made by people from hidden populations may spur actions and create influence by improving the understanding of the needs of hidden populations. A dialogue about these needs is an essential step towards social justice.

Social Justice Leadership and Family Engagement

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 754-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. DeMatthews ◽  
D. Brent Edwards ◽  
Rodolfo Rincones
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Family Engagement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Social Justice Leadership ◽  
Administrator Preparation ◽  
Preparation Programs ◽  
The Status ◽  
Administrator Preparation Programs

Research Approach: This in-depth qualitative case study explores one school leader’s enactment of social justice leadership in an elementary school in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico. Analysis of interviews and observations revealed how this leader adapted her leadership to prioritize the severe needs of families and students in one of the world’s most violent cities. Findings: The article describes how the leader made sense of the community and its needs. Then, it examines how the leader enacted social justice leadership by addressing the out-of-school challenges that affected student achievement and well-being. Consequently, the leader’s focus shifted toward meaningful family engagement through adult education, community advocacy, and critical questioning of the status quo. Implications: Implications for future research, theory, and administrator preparation programs are presented at the conclusion of the article.

Islamic Tourism in Southeast Asia: The Concept and its Implementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-105
Author(s):  
Zubaidi Wahyono ◽  
Mohd Abbas Abdul Razak
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Regional Coordination ◽  
Pertinent Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Print Materials

Tourism has now become an important source of revenue for many countries in the world. The spillover from this booming and lucrative industry impacts positively the other sectors of the national economy in those countries. This situation is not only true in the advanced countries of the world, but also in the Muslim world. In this present study on Islamic tourism the researchers intend to investigate the definition, destination, purpose and ethical issues related to Islamic tourism. Very particularly, the study will focus on the situation in three of the Muslim countries situated in the region of Southeast Asia; namely Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei. Driven by the passion to study on Islamic tourism, the researchers are interested to know the guiding principles set in these countries in contrast to others in the region. Apart from the crux of the investigation, on the peripheral, this study will also look into the topic of tourism from the Islamic ethical dimension, mainly referring to the Qur’an and Sunnah. As a qualitative study, the researchers will employ the library research approach in collecting the pertinent data related to the study. By using the textual-analysis method they will scrutinize data collected from online and print materials. It is hoped that this modest research can be a contribution in advancing Islamic tourism in the Malay Archipelago and elsewhere in the world. From this study, it could discovered initially that Islamic tourism is a huge opportunity for the Muslims in the region to develop further to tap the industry as well as to introduce the region with Muslim majority to the world. Enormous efforts have been done to promote and to develop the religious tourism in the region along with the conventional tourism generally and it had achieved significant results by attaining the top place in Islamic tourism industry. However a lot of works should be done such as the lack of standard facilities and promotions as well as the regional coordination in order to bring the religious industry to another level. It is necessary to expand the niche of Islamic tourism which is still below 20 percent out the conventional tourism industry largely.

Ethical Issues Arising in Revising Classifications of Mental Disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
N. Sartorius
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
The World

The classification of mental disorders in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) will be revised in the course of the next three years and its publication (as the 11th Revision of the ICD) will be published, after the approval of the World Health Assembly in 2014. In parallel, the American Psychiatric Association created a Task Force which has begun work on the proposals for the revision of its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual which is to be published as the DSM 5th Revision, in 2012. The World Health Organization has established a special advisory group that should assist it in developing proposals for the classification of mental disorders for the 11th Revision of the ICD and this group collaborates closely with the APA Task Force creating the DSM5 proposals.Numerous ethical issues arise in this process and need to be discussed now so as to inform the process of agreeing on the proposals for the new classifications. They include the importance of an internationally accepted classification as a protection against abuses of psychiatric patients; the need to set the threshold for the diagnosis of a mental disorder at a level ensuring that people with such disorders receive help, the need to avoid imposition of diagnostic systems or categories without sufficient evidence and others. The presentation will briefly discuss the process of constructing the proposals for the new classifications and ways in which the groups established by the WHO and the APA handle these ethical questions.

scholarly journals Optimizing the patient information material for cancer patients using the participatory health research approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Salm
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Uniform Design ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
End Users ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Participatory Health Research ◽  
External Evaluators

Abstract By applying the PHR, a literature-based assessment catalogue was designed and piloted (PIM-check list) with the PIM optimization team (experts, network supporters and experienced end-users). It contains altogether 31 criteria that are clustered into: (1) correctness & validity, (2) 'content-related readability', (3) 'structural readability' and (4) 'graphic-/formatting-related readability'. The PIM is assessable through a traffic light rating system. This simple rating system enables not only experts, but also the end-users (cancer patients) to easily evaluate the PIM without initial and complex training. Moreover, for each criterion, an open text field is provided to write in suggestions for improvement. The available isPO PIM were assessed with this instrument by three groups: (1) experts (network supporters & external evaluators), (2) self-help representatives, and (3) isPO programme service providers. Several feedback loops encouraged all participants to provide critical feedback. In addition to the improvement suggestions from the completed PIM-check lists, a hierarchical overview of the PIM was developed by the PIM-optimization team. It highlights the moment of being in contact with the PIM, the specification of the target group and the depth of information in the specific PIM. These aspects were also considered when creating two new PIM (poster & one-pager document concerning the study consent form). In addition, a uniform design for the 'door-opener' PIM (poster & flyer) was aimed to be a “recognition factor”. Both the optimized and newly designed PIM were presented to and assessed by experienced cancer patients that do not participate in isPO. Suggestions for further improvements were integrated by the PIM-team. The PIM were presented to the isPO service providers for further optimization proposals. A final test for its comprehensibility was conducted using experienced patients in a focus group discussion, and the new PIM were implemented in the field.

Ethical Aspects of Using Virtual Reality in Psychiatry

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 94-94
Author(s):  
Oana Maria Isailă ◽  
◽  
Sorin Hostiuc ◽  
Filip Curcă ◽  
George Cristian Curcă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Physician Patient Relationship ◽  
Additional Layer ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Physician Patient

"Virtual reality (VR), initially a form of entertainment has begun to find its way in healthcare practice. One of its main areas of interest is the treatment of psychiatric disorders. When using VR, the basic ethical principles underlying the physician-patient relationship should be respected, but they should be customized by the presence of an additional layer of complexity generated by the interposition of the virtual world. The physician-patient relationship is often multidirectional, often including a larger team of healthcare professionals, family members or acquaintances, working conjointly to optimize the medical care. Each time other participants are involved within this relationship, the complexity of the ethical issues tends to increase. For example, if the patient has decreased insight, it is possible that other persons must make some medical decisions – resulting a prioritization of beneficence compared to autonomy. Also, we must take into account the fact that many psychiatric symptoms can be seen as a form of “virtual reality” by the patient. The healthcare provider must take additional safety measures to minimize the harms made by VR techniques in psychiatric patients, by using methods that are individually tailored. The main aim of this paper is to debate the ethical aspects surrounding the applicability of virtual reality in treating psychiatric patients, with an emphasis on the elements that were mentioned earlier. "

Sometimes Less is More

2013 ◽  
pp. 12-36
Author(s):  
Karen Keene ◽  
Chris Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Mathematics Classroom ◽  
Tangent Vector ◽  
Classroom Community ◽  
Mathematical Community ◽  
Boundary Objects ◽  
Boundary Object ◽  
Mathematical Activity ◽  
First Semester

As described in the communities of practice literature (Lave & Wenger, 1991; Wenger, 1998), boundary objects are material things that interface two or more communities of practice. Extending this, Hoyles, Noss, Kent, and Bakker (2010) defined technology-enhanced boundary objects as, “software tools that adapt or extend symbolic artefacts identified from existing work practice, that are intended to act as boundary objects, for the purposes of employees’ learning and enhancing workplace communication” (p. 17). The authors adapt this idea to the undergraduate mathematics classroom and use the phrase “classroom technology-enhanced boundary object” to refer to a piece of software that acts as a boundary object between the classroom community and the mathematical community. They provide three extended examples of these objects as used in a first semester differential equations classroom to illustrate how students’ mathematical activity may advance as they interact with the software. These examples show how the applets operate to provide a way for the classroom community to implicitly encounter the mathematical community through the authentic practices of mathematics (Rasmussen, Zandieh, King, & Teppo, 2005). The first example centers on students beginning experience with a tangent vector field applet. The second example develops as the students learn more about solutions to differential equations and leads to a statement of the uniqueness theorem. In the third example, students use a specially designed applet that creates a numerical approximation and its associated image in 3-space relating to a non-technological visualization task that introduces solutions to systems of differential equations.

‘O’ofaki: a health promotion and community development concept to bring Pasifika people together

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malakai Ofanoa ◽  
Janine Paynter ◽  
Stephen Buetow
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Lead Author ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Development Concept ◽  
The Way

Abstract Stable, healthy families are the loto or heart of strong Pacific communities. This paper addresses the problem of a decline in the strength of Pacific families. It introduces and discusses the Tongan concept of O’ofaki, as the way in which shared, core relational commitments can bring Pasifika peoples together to support one another for health and community development. This process is based on a reciprocal sharing of social capital to promote cultural solidarity and social justice. We describe two studies by the lead author, through which the concept of O’ofaki emerged. The first study utilized an action research model while the second study focused on two Pasifika-centric research approaches: talanga, which is a Tongan word for interactive talking for a purpose, and the kakala (Tongan garland) research approach. The latter approach is incorporated within a general inductive methodology as well as luva—the dissemination of the results. Finally, the paper focuses on the components of O’ofaki and its application to Pasifika communities.

Owning one’s epistemology in religious studies research methodology

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 2057-2071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Baron
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Observer Effect ◽  
Temporal Coupling ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose There is a lack of epistemological considerations in religious studies methodologies, which have resulted in an on-going critique in this field. In addressing this critique, the researcher’s observer effect needs to be actively accounted for owing to the influence of the researcher’s epistemology in the author’s research. This paper aims to answer the question of why a researcher should address one’s epistemology in the research. Design/methodology/approach Using second-order cybernetics as an approach, observer dependence is exemplified and justified in the context of religious studies research methodology. The research activity is shown as a relational temporal coupling that introduces inter-subjective aspects to the research. The research process is analysed showing the need to provide scope for the researcher’s epistemology in one’s research. Findings A relational observer-dependent approach to research embraces the epistemology of the researcher and the participants providing equality in the relationship. The research results are thus framed according to the nature of the relationship and are thus not detached. This addresses social justice and reduces troubling truth claims. Research limitations/implications This first paper focuses on the question of why epistemology should be included in scholarly research. A detailed framework for how scholars may achieve this goal is to be part of the future study and is not presented in this paper. Practical implications In many positivist approaches there is a motivation to hide the researcher; however, recently there has been a move towards including authors in the first person, realising that science is tied to politics, which does not reach its ideals of objectivity. Cybernetics is presented as an approach to addressing the move from “objective” to “subjective” research. Social implications Researchers cannot get into the minds of their participants and thus an authorial privileged presentation by the researcher of the participant’s experiences is fraught with epistemological weaknesses. Attempting to own one’s own epistemology could address social justice in research by personalising the research and accounting for the observer effect and the inter-subjective attributes of the research relationship. Originality/value The principle of observer dependence in cybernetics is not new; however, a research approach that focuses on the nature of knowing and how this may influence one’s research in religious studies is uncommon. It is thus presented here as a viable option to address the critique of epistemologically weak research methodology in religious studies.

Exploring social justice pedagogies in health and physical education through Critical Incident Technique methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod Philpot ◽  
Wayne Smith ◽  
Göran Gerdin ◽  
Lena Larsson ◽  
Katarina Schenker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Teaching Strategies ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Critical Incident Technique ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Health And Physical Education ◽  
Social Justice Pedagogies

In this paper, we describe and reflect on the Critical Incident Technique (CIT) methodology used to explore how secondary school health and physical education (HPE) teachers address social justice in their teaching practice. The paper is informed by data generated as part of an ongoing three-year international research project involving eight physical education teacher education (PETE) researchers from three different countries. One of the general aims of the project was to develop teaching strategies to assist HPE teachers to refine and develop their practices so that they may become more inclusive and engaging for all students, thus helping contribute to more equitable educational outcomes. The specific aim of this paper is twofold: to describe the methodological framework of the research project and, secondly, to reflect on the challenges encountered in the research process along with the limitations and further potential of this research approach. We argue that the use of CIT methodology has allowed us to document rich descriptions of examples of teaching for social justice and to identify teacher practices that resonate with critical perspectives, or what we have come to call ‘social justice pedagogies’. We conclude by asserting that our use of CIT methodology in this project serves as a political quest to reaffirm the social justice agenda in HPE practice through providing teachers with examples of social justice pedagogies. It is not an attempt to espouse a one-size-fits-all social justice model for HPE since social justice teaching strategies are enabled and constrained by the contexts in which they are practised.

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