scholarly journals Soil Sealing and Hydrological Changes during the Development of the University Campus of Elche (Spain)

Author(s):  
Manon Navarro-Leblond ◽  
Ignacio Meléndez-Pastor ◽  
Jose Navarro-Pedreño ◽  
Ignacio Gómez Lucas

The University Miguel Hernández of Elche was created in 1996 and its headquarters is located in the city of Elche. A new campus was developed where new buildings and infrastructures have been established for over 25 years in the north of the city. The university is growing, and the land cover/land use is changing, adapted to the new infrastructures. In fact, the landscape changed from a periurban agricultural area mixed with other activities into an urbanized area integrated into the city. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the progressive sealing of the soil and the consequences on the surface hydrology. The area is close to the Palmeral of Elche, a landscape of date palm groves with an ancient irrigation system, which is a World Heritage Cultural Landscape recognized by UNESCO. The evolution of the land occupation was analyzed based on the Aerial National Orthophotography Plan (PNOA). Soil sealing and the modifications of the hydrological ancient irrigation system were detected. Based on the results, proposals for improvement are made in order to implement green infrastructures and landscape recovery that can alleviate the possible negative effects of the soil sealing in the area occupied by the university.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 671f-671
Author(s):  
M. Marutani ◽  
R. Quitugua ◽  
C. Simpson ◽  
R. Crisostomo

A demonstration vegetable garden was constructed for students in elementary, middle and high schools to expose them to agricultural science. On Charter Day, a University-wide celebration, students were invited to the garden on the University campus. The purpose of this project was twofold: (1) for participants to learn how to make a garden and (2) for visitors to see a variety of available crops and cultural techniques. Approximately 30 vegetable crops were grown. The garden also presented some cultural practices to improve plant development, which included weed control by solarization, mulching, a drip irrigation system, staking, shading and crop cover. Different types of compost bins were shown and various nitrogen-fixing legumes were displayed as useful hedge plants for the garden.


2020 ◽  
pp. 7-32
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kulczyńska ◽  
Natalia Borowicz ◽  
Karolina Piwnicka-Wdowikowska

Morasko University Campus in Poznań – origin, spatial and functional structure, transport solutions The purpose of the paper is to characterize the most recently created part of the Adam Mickiewicz University – the Morasko Campus. The paper consists of three parts. The first concerns the origins and development of the campus. The second part presents its spatial and functional structure on the basis of a field inventory, while the third one – campus transport solutions based on a survey conducted among students. The history of the campus located in the northern, peripheral part of the city began with laying the foundation act and the cornerstone in 1977. The agricultural role of this area, dominant until the 1980s, has been replaced with new functions, mainly academic and scientific ones. The first university buildings were commissioned in the 1990s, and the construction boom began after 2000. A total of nine faculties (out of 21 existing) are housed in eight buildings in the campus, including exact and natural sciences, as well as a part of social sciences and humanities. To this day, neither student dormitories nor accommodation for PhD students have been constructed (although they are likely to be built), which would emphasize the academic function of the campus. The campus also comprises areas with recreational, sports, residential and other service functions (e.g. catering, beauty, hairdressing, and commercial services), which are complemented by areas that serve transport functions. Location in the northern periphery of the city, and above all the railway line for freight (the northern bypass of Poznań) separating the city from the campus, makes transport to this part of the city limited. The results of the survey revealed a lack of a safe bicycle path between the western and eastern part of the campus, insufficient number of parking places for motorists, a lack of paved roads from the north and west, only three narrow access roads for car commuters, and difficult access by public transport to the eastern and north-eastern parts. In the latter case, the planned extension of the tram line towards Umultowo after the year 2022 is expected to solve the problem. Zarys treści: Celem opracowania jest charakterystyka najmłodszej przestrzeni Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza – Kampusu Morasko. Opracowanie składa się z trzech zasadniczych części. Pierwsza część artykułu dotyczy genezy powstania i rozbudowy miasteczka uniwersyteckiego. W drugiej części przedstawiono strukturę przestrzenno-funkcjonalną kampusu w oparciu o inwentaryzację terenową, w trzeciej zaś obsługę transportową na podstawie badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród studentów. Historia położonego w północnej, peryferyjnej części miasta kampusu rozpoczęła się od wmurowania aktu erekcyjnego i kamienia węgielnego w 1977 r. Dominująca do lat 80. XX w. funkcja rolnicza tego obszaru została zastąpiona przez nowe funkcje, głównie akademickie i naukowe. Pierwsze budynki dydaktyczne oddano do użytku dopiero w latach 90. ubiegłego wieku, a boom budowlany rozpoczął się po roku 2000. Swoją siedzibę znalazły tutaj nauki ścisłe i przyrodnicze, a także część nauk społecznych i humanistycznych, w sumie dziewięć wydziałów (na 21 istniejących) w ośmiu budynkach. Do dzisiaj nie wybudowano akademików czy domu doktoranta (choć istnieją realne szanse na ich powstanie), co podkreśliłoby funkcję akademicką kampusu. W strukturze kampusu wyróżnia się ponadto obszary o funkcjach rekreacyjnych, rekreacyjno-sportowych, mieszkaniowych i innych o charakterze usługowym (np. usługi gastronomiczne, kosmetyczne, fryzjerskie, handel), których uzupełnieniem są obszary o funkcjach komunikacyjnych. Położenie na północnych peryferiach miasta, a przede wszystkim linia kolejowa dla przewozów towarowych (północna obwodnica Poznania) oddzielająca miasto od kampusu sprawiają, że obsługa transportowa tej części miasta jest ograniczona. Wyniki badań ankietowych wskazują na brak bezpiecznej drogi rowerowej między zachodnią i północno-wschodnią częścią kampusu, niewystarczającą liczbę miejsc parkingowych dla zmotoryzowanych, brak utwardzonych dróg od strony północnej i zachodniej, zaledwie trzy wąskie wjazdy na kampus dla dojeżdżających samochodem czy utrudniony dojazd komunikacją publiczną do części wschodniej i północno-wschodniej. W tym ostatnim przypadku rozwiązaniem ma być planowana po 2022 r. rozbudowa linii tramwajowej w kierunku Umultowa.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Beata Medynska-Gulij ◽  
Maciej Smaczynski ◽  
Dariusz Lorek ◽  
Łukasz Halik ◽  
Łukasz Wielebski ◽  
...  

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The identification of geographical phenomena and relations between them are most frequently visualized, analyzed and interpreted indoor by the display screen. The difficulties with capturing basic spatial relations significant in the process of teaching cartography become the main problem. The objective of teachers from the Department of Cartography and Geomatics was to enrich typical classes carried out in computer rooms by adding the outdoor academic classes that would encourage students to observe those relations directly in the field. In October 2018 the outdoor station of the area of 15&amp;thinsp;&amp;times;&amp;thinsp;20&amp;thinsp;m by the university campus next to <i>Collegium Geographicum</i> was handed over to the disposal of students. The projects of the elements of the station were created on the basis of the lecturers experience as a part of subjects on the following courses: topographical cartography, survey techniques, cartographic design, virtual and augmented reality in cartography, geovisualization and geomatics. Sets of several constructions that can be used either separately, as tools for explaining specific principles or together, as instruments for teaching subsequent measurement, location and visualization relations occurring in cartography and geomatics, were placed on the premises of the station.</p><p>In order to study historical ways of marking borders, the erratic, a replica of the boundary stone from 1653 with the triangle engraved in the place in which three countries connect, was placed in the field. Contemporary ways of the stabilization of the border points and points of the grid reference are farther located. The point marked on the metal horizontal plate, on the spot in which the meridian and the parallel of latitude cross, inform about multiple ways of recording the exact location in space. The values of coordinates were calculated for that point and engraved on the board in several nation and global reference systems. Students, standing on other three plates with the points marked where meridians cross parallels of latitude, create basic elements of the grid of latitude and longitude of 0.2''.</p><p>On a single plate three directions of the north, i.e. the geographic, topographic and magnetic one, are visible. One of the meridians marks the line of analemmatic sundial to 12:00&amp;thinsp;a.m. and the student standing on the area of the specific month becomes a gnomon whose shadow indicates the hour of the local meridian. Two surveyor's levelling rods with two values differing by approximately 16&amp;thinsp;cm demonstrate different values of contour lines on topographic maps worked out in Poland. Properly oriented topographic table shows the same fragment of space in four ways: on the classic, north-oriented topographic map, on the orthophotomap at 1&amp;thinsp;:&amp;thinsp;10&amp;thinsp;000 scale, on the simplified visualization of a few layers from the national topographic base at enlarged 1&amp;thinsp;:&amp;thinsp;2&amp;thinsp;000 scale and on the 3D printout on which the height of buildings was determined from the attribute table.</p><p>Authors of the Academic Outdoor Station in Poznan prepared for the conference guests the multimedia presentation with the explanations of the aforementioned constructions and other elements, i.e. the wall of cartographic visualizations with perspective and optical illusions presented on 2D boards, virtual and augmented reality table, triangular signal, and others. We hope to receive feedback from cartographers and hear some ideas concerning new constructions for our station.</p>


Author(s):  
Héctor Hugo ◽  
Felipe Espinoza ◽  
Ivetheyamel Morales ◽  
Elías Ortiz ◽  
Saúl Pérez ◽  
...  

The University of Guayaquil, which shares the same name as the city where it is located, faces the challenge of transforming its image for the XXI century. It was deemed necessary to identify details about the urban evolution of the historic link with the city, in relation to the changes produced by the project&rsquo;s siting and its direct area of influence. The goal is to integrate the main university campus within a framework which guarantees sustainability and allows innovation in the living lab. To achieve this, the action research method was applied, focused on participation and the logic framework. For the diagnosis, proposal, and management model, integrated working groups were organized with internal users such as professors, students, and university authorities, and external actors such as residents, the local business community, Guayaquil city council, and the Governorate of Guayas. As result of the diagnosis, six different analysis dimensions were established which correspond to the new urban agenda for the future campus: compactness, inclusiveness, resilience, sustainability, safety and participation. As a proposal, the urban design integrates the analysis dimensions whose financing and execution are given by the Town Hall, at the same time the Governorate integrates the campus with its network of community police headquarters.


Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula ◽  
Mark Thaker

A review of early trinomial numbers for sites located in Smith County in East Texas indicated that between 1938 and 1943 Jack Hughes identified and collected from at least 37 sites listed on the Texas Historic Site Atlas. From 1938 to 1941 his site locations randomly occur throughout the County; interestingly there are no sites recorded in 1942. In 1943 he recorded about 14 sites along Black Fork Creek and its tributaries, this being mostly west of the City of Tyler. The primary purpose in reviewing the available archaeological information about these early recorded sites was to re-visit selected sites if necessary and to update information that was recorded beginning almost 80 years ago. An entry contained on a Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas (TARL) site card indicated that Hughes collected artifacts from a site (41SM32) located on Little Saline Creek, near the much better known Alligator Pond site (41SM442) that had been recorded in 2011 by Mark Walters. The Alligator Pond site is on property owned by Thacker, a Texas Archeological Stewardship Network member. 41SM32 is a prehistoric archaeological site that was found and recorded in September 1940 by Jack Hughes, who later went on to a career as a professional archaeologist in Texas. The site is on Little Saline Creek, a northward-flowing tributary to the Sabine River about 10 km to the north, in the Post Oak Savannah of East Texas.


2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 02072 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Leisos ◽  
T. Avgitas ◽  
G. Bourlis ◽  
G.K. Fanourakis ◽  
I. Gkialas ◽  
...  

The Hellenic Open University Cosmic Ray Telescope consists of three autonomous stations installed at the University Campus in the city of Patras. Each station comprises three large (≈ 1 m2) plastic scintillators and one or more Codalema type RF antennas detecting Extensive Air Showers (EAS), originating from primary particles with energy greater than 10 TeV. The operation and the performance of the Telescope is presented briefly, emphasising the educational activities foreseen in the framework of the HEllenic LYceum Cosmic Observatories Network (HELYCON).


2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico PIETROGRANDE ◽  
Alessandro DALLA CANEVA ◽  
Ignasi NAVÀS SALVADÓ

This work concerns Vicenza, a city located not far from Venice in the north-east corner of Italy, and it specifically refers to an area situated on the outskirts of the city’s urban fabric between the perimeter of its ancient walls and the banks of the Bacchiglione river, in the shadow of the abandoned monastery of St. Biagio. The idea of restoring that physically and socially degraded area of the city of Vicenza has long been the object of discussion on the part of local authorities. Once intimately linked to the city’s historic center, the area gradually lost its functional and social identity becoming first a parking lot and then equipped as a city warehouse. The intent to regenerate the area and the observation that the relationship between the city and its river is constantly refused, or delayed, lead to recognize in the long edge of the area a unique meeting opportunity which allows to repair the water-city association, recuperating rituals and connections from the past. The municipality is presently planning on pursuing a qualitative restoration of the area which will be used for social and cultural enrichment. The final part of the current work outlines some proposals that were developed during the Architectural and Urban Composition 2 course recently offered by the Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering of the University of Padua (Italy).


HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1084H-1085
Author(s):  
J. David Martsolf

An undertree sprinkler [Maxijet] irrigation system designed to deliver 42 to 80 l/hr to each of 570 citrus trees (planted 6.1 × 6.1 m, heights of the larger uniform trees: 2m) was fed through an irrigation water heater [Aquaheet]. The heater added up to a megawatt of heat to the irrigation pipeline by the combustion of diesel fuel. A porous orchard cover (59m × 64m × 3.6m; 0.38ha) sheltered one of six plots of similar size in a citrus orchard on the University of Florida campus in Gainesville. Two border zones, one 3 rows deep on the north border and one on the west tapering from 2 rows on the north to a single row on the south end reduce the edge effect for a total orchard area of 2.12 ha. A minicomputer based data acquisition system provided observations of temperature, wind speed and direction made as frequently as one scan per minute. The effect of the orchard cover, the undertree irrigation, the heated irrigation and combinations of these three methods on the orchard microclimate will be shown in graphs and diagrams of observations taken during the freezes of February 24-26, and December 24-25, 1989. A diagram of the potential effect of water temperature on latent heat transport in the orchard will be discussed as will be problems with documentation of dew point temperature with chilled mirrors under freezing conditions.


2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 582-589
Author(s):  
Yavuz Arat ◽  
Mehmet Uysal

The university establishment process in Konya started in the 1950s for the first time. After 1960s, the institutions giving higher education in the city came into activity, and in 1976 Selçuk University was established. Selçuk University, since its establishment, has lead the single-centered city to develop towards the north, and at the same time, also the campus as a center of attraction has caused a shift of the population concentration to the region. The university, which makes good use of the city's potentials in the change of the city form, also made it possible to create surplus values by using the values that the city has in the fields of agriculture, agriculture industry, and technology. The Selçuk University Alâeddin Keykubat Campus is still a potential force that creates economic surplus, attracts population and shapes the city.


2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 04021
Author(s):  
Jingjing Liu ◽  
Haoyu Zhang

In recent years, China has vigorously promoted the construction of sponge cities and achieved good results. The university campus is a relatively independent existence in the city. Due to historical planning and construction reasons, it is easy to accumulate water when the city has a large amount of precipitation. Taking Wuhan Polytechnic University as an example, this paper analyzes the causes of waterlogging on campus from the aspects of urban precipitation, campus planning, rainwater harvesting and utilization, and proposes a series of low-impact development (LID) measures, such as increasing the permeability of paving area, building vegetative ditch, setting up infiltration green belt, and renovating the artificial lake in the school. The author adopted the SWMM model of urban stormwater management developed by the U.S.EPA as a carrier to construct a low-impact rainwater system model, The SWMM model which funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency was used to construct a low-impact development rainwater system model to evaluate the effect of low-impact development measures on ground runoff control.


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