scholarly journals Government Health Expenditure and Public Health Outcomes: A Comparative Study among EU Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10725
Author(s):  
Mihaela Onofrei ◽  
Anca-Florentina Vatamanu ◽  
Georgeta Vintilă ◽  
Elena Cigu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Reduce Infant Mortality ◽  
The Status

The aim of this paper was to empirically analyze the relationship between public health expenditure and health outcomes among EU developing countries. Using regression analysis and factor analysis, we documented that public health expenditure and health outcomes are in a long-run equilibrium relationship and the status of health expenditure can improve life expectancy and reduce infant mortality. Secondarily, we studied how the status of good governance, health care system performance, and socioeconomic vulnerabilities affect the public health’s outcomes in the selected countries. We found that the effectiveness of health and the way to reduce infant mortality or to improve life quality is directed conditioned by good governance status. Moreover, the consolidation of health care system performance directly improves the quality of life among EU developing countries, which indicates that public policymakers should intervene and provide political and financial support through policy mixes.

Empirical analysis of factors influencing the public health expenditure in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kok Wooi Yap ◽  
Doris Padmini Selvaratnam
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Public Health Expenditure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Per Capita

This study aims to investigate the determinants of public health expenditure in Malaysia. An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach proposed by Pesaran & Shin (1999) and Pesaran et al. (2001) is applied to analyse annual time series data during the period from 1970 to 2017. The study focused on four explanatory variables, namely per capita gross domestic product (GDP), healthcare price index, population aged 65 years and above, as well as infant mortality rate. The bounds test results showed that the public health expenditure and its determinants are cointegrated. The empirical results revealed that the elasticity of government health expenditure with respect to national income is less than unity, indicating that public health expenditure in Malaysia is a necessity good and thus the Wagner’s law does not exist to explain the relationship between public health expenditure and economic growth in Malaysia. In the long run, per capita GDP, healthcare price index, population aged more than 65 years, and infant mortality rate are the important variables in explaining the behaviour of public health expenditure in Malaysia. The empirical results also prove that infant mortality rate is significant in influencing public health spending in the short run. It is noted that macroeconomic and health status factors assume an important role in determining the public health expenditure in Malaysia and thus government policies and strategies should be made by taking into account of these aspects.

The Adverse Health Outcomes, Economic Burden, and Public Health Implications of Unmanaged Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Call to Action Resulting from CHADD Summit, Washington, DC, October 17, 2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 108705472110367
Author(s):  
Bob Cattoi ◽  
Ingrid Alpern ◽  
Jeffrey S. Katz ◽  
David Keepnews ◽  
Mary V. Solanto
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes

Recent research has increasingly documented the adverse effects of ADHD on physical health in addition to its well-known effects on emotional health. Responding to this concern, CHADD organized a summit meeting of health care providers, governmental and other health-related organizations, and health care payers. A White Paper generated from the meeting reviewed the adverse health outcomes, economic burden and public health implications of unmanaged ADHD. Here we summarize the resulting Calls to Action to the various stakeholder groups including: increased awareness and education of providers; development of professional guidelines for diagnosis and treatment; insurance coverage of the relevant services; support of research targeting the role of ADHD in the etiology and treatment of physical illness; and public education campaigns.

scholarly journals Public Health Expenditures and Health Outcomes: New Evidence from Ghana

Economies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheal Kofi Boachie ◽  
K. Ramu ◽  
Tatjana Põlajeva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Public Health Expenditure ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
The Cost

The effect of government spending on population’s health has received attention over the past decades. This study re-examines the link between government health expenditures and health outcomes to establish whether government intervention in the health sector improves outcomes. The study uses annual data for the period 1980–2014 on Ghana. The ordinary least squares (OLS) and the two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimators are employed for analyses; the regression estimates are then used to conduct cost-effectiveness analysis. The results show that, aside from income, public health expenditure contributed to the improvements in health outcomes in Ghana for the period. We find that, overall, increasing public health expenditure by 10% averts 0.102–4.4 infant and under-five deaths in every 1000 live births while increasing life expectancy at birth by 0.77–47 days in a year. For each health outcome indicator, the effect of income dominates that of public spending. The cost per childhood mortality averted ranged from US$0.20 to US$16, whereas the cost per extra life year gained ranged from US$7 to US$593.33 (2005 US$) during the period. Although the health effect of income outweighs that of public health spending, high (and rising) income inequality makes government intervention necessary. In this respect, development policy should consider raising health sector investment inter alia to improve health conditions.

scholarly journals Experiencia comparada europea y el reto de la descentralización sanitaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Carla Blázquez-Fernández ◽  
David Cantarero-Prieto ◽  
Marta Pascual-Sáez
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Panel Data Models ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
European Health

This paper analyzes the main characteristics of European health care decentralization models with special attention to the determinants of health outcomes and expenditures and proposes using panel data models, and data from OECD Health Data, an econometric model explaining their behaviour and evolution. The results show that income is the most important factor in explaining the volume of health expenditure both statically and dynamically, while other factors of demand and supply and the degree of decentralization or type of health system, despite also influence are less important. Instead, in health outcomes fiscal decentralization has a more mixed against other factors.

scholarly journals The effect of the quality of institutions on the relationship between public health expenditure and the infant mortality rate: evidence from the PVAR (X) and PSTR approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-35
Author(s):  
Arthur Evariste KOUASSI ◽  
Ya Assanhoun Guillaume KOUASSI ◽  
Nogbou Andetchi Aubin AMANZOU
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Institutional Variables ◽  
Public Health Expenditure ◽  
Sub Saharan

Infant mortality is a major health problem in developing countries. It is an important indicator of a country's public health as it goes hand in hand with socio-economic conditions and many others. Public health spending has been committed to reducing this scourge. This has led to the completion of numerous studies which have yielded mixed results. The main objective of this study is to test the effect of public health expenditure (% GDP) on the infant mortality rate, taking into account the role that institutional quality can play. To achieve this, we use two approaches which are the autoregressive vector panel model with exogenous variables (PVAR (X)) and the smooth threshold regression model (PSTR) on annual data covering the period 2002-2016 and covering 37 African countries. Sub-Saharan. Our main results through the PVAR (X) reveal that in the absence of institutional variables, public health expenditure has a negative and significant effect on the infant mortality rate, whereas, in the presence of the various institutional variables, this effect is still negative but is no longer significant. Our results show that the presence of institutions halves the weight of public health expenditure in explaining the infant mortality rate. In addition, our results show through the PSTR that there is a certain level of institutional qualities that these countries must achieve for public health expenditure to positively affect infant mortality rates. These thresholds oscillate for all the institutional variables around 7%. Taking institutional variables into account will help reduce infant mortality in Sub-Saharan African countries.

The Profile of a Department of Human Growth and Development: Applied Research, Teaching and Service

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Estrella Posada ◽  
Antonio Berdasco
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Reduce Infant Mortality ◽  
Human Growth And Development

In 1969 the Ministry of Public Health (MINSAP) of Cuba initiated a program to reduce infant mortality, one measure of the quality of life, in 1969. The program developed during the 1970s and while infant mortality was reduced, it became desirable to add other measures directly related to the health of the population to the program. Sampled periodically, characteristics of growth and the development, were selected as additional indicators of the health of the population.

Assessing Health-Care System Performance against the Four Core Aims of Health-Care Policy

2017 ◽  
pp. 202-236
Author(s):  
Gunnar Almgren
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Care Policy ◽  
Access And Quality ◽  
Risk Protection ◽  
Care System

Previous chapters have provided the historical context and the justification for a set of four core aims of health care policy in light of the requisites of citizenship in a democratic society, and then the basic structure of a reformed national health care system designed to achieve those core aims. Briefly stated, the four core policy aims include: comprehensive health insurance coverage with adequate and equal risk protection, the amelioration of disparities in health care access and quality, equitable comprehensive care and public health investments, and compensatory investments in health care services and public health infrastructure for groups adversely affected by health disparities. This chapter illuminates the major dimensions of health care system performance that are most closely linked to these core policy aims, the range of health care system measures specific to each dimension of performance, and those that appear optimal in light of validity and the pragmatics of data system design and sustainability. The chapter then concludes with a discussion of the criteria for health care policy “success”.

Broadband for Health in Developing Countries

2011 ◽  
pp. 581-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aradhana Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Policy Direction ◽  
Immense Potential

This chapter highlights the major issues in the use of broadband technologies in health care in developing countries. The use of Internet technologies in the health sector has immense potential in developing countries, especially in the context of public health programs. Some of the main uses of information and communication technologies (ICT) in health include remote consultations and diagnosis, information dissemination and networking between health providers, user groups, and forums, Internet-based disease surveillance and identification of target groups for health interventions, facilitation of health research and support to health care delivery, and administration. The technology has immense potential, but is also constrained by lack of policy direction, problems with access to technology, and lack of suitable infrastructure in developing nations. However, given its crucial role in public health, comprehensive efforts are required from all concerned stakeholders if universal e-health is to become a reality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document