scholarly journals Effect of UVc and UVA Photocatalytic Processes on Tetracycline Removal Using Cus-Coated Magnetic Activated Carbon Nanocomposite: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11163
Author(s):  
Negin Nasseh ◽  
Rasoul Khosravi ◽  
Narjes sadat Mazari Mazari Moghaddam ◽  
Shahabaldin Rezania
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Pollutant Concentration ◽  
Photocatalytic Efficiency ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Magnetic Recovery ◽  
Carbon Nanocomposite ◽  
Photocatalytic Processes

In this study, we synthesized a novel MAC nanocomposite using almond’s green hull coated with CuS. The whole set of experiments have been conducted inside a batch (discontinuous reactor system) at room temperature. The effectiveness of different parameters in tetracycline removal pH (3, 5, 7, and 9), pollutant concentration (5–100 mg/L), nanocomposite dosage (0.025–1g/L), and contact time (5–60min) using newly synthesized nanocomposite were investigated. Based on the results, in the optimal conditions of pH = 9, nanocomposite dosage of 1g/L, pollutant concentration of 20 mg/L, contact time of 60 min, and room temperature, 95% removal efficiency was obtained. In MAC/CuS/UVc process, the removal of COD and TOC were 76.89% and 566.84% respectively meanwhile, these values in MAC/CuS/UVA process were 74.19% and 62.11%, respectively. The results of nanocomposite stability and magnetic recovery illustrated that the removal efficiency was reduced by 1.5% in the presence of UVc and 5% in the presence of UVA lights during all six cycles. Therefore, this nanocomposite was highly capable of recycling and reuse. It can be concluded that considering the high potential of the synthesized nanocomposite, the photocatalytic efficiency of the MAC/CuS/UVc process in tetracycline synthesis was higher than MAC/CuS/UVA process.

scholarly journals Removal of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Environments Using Micelle-Clay Adsorption

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohannad Qurie ◽  
Mustafa Khamis ◽  
Adnan Manassra ◽  
Ibrahim Ayyad ◽  
Shlomo Nir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Aqueous Environments

Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions under different conditions was investigated using either clay (montmorillonite) or micelle-clay complex, the last obtained by adsorbing critical micelle concentration of octadecyltrimethylammonium ions onto montmorillonite. Batch experiments showed the effects of contact time, adsorbent dosage, and pH on the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. Langmuir adsorption isotherm fitted the experimental data giving significant results. Filtration experiments using columns filled with micelle-clay complex mixed with sand were performed to assess Cr(VI) removal efficiency under continuous flow at different pH values. The micelle-clay complex used in this study was capable of removing Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions without any prior acidification of the sample. Results demonstrated that the removal effectiveness reached nearly 100% when using optimal conditions for both batch and continuous flow techniques.

scholarly journals Use of Immobilized Enzyme In Granular Activated Carbon And Chitosan Beads For Phenol Removal From Effluents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carina Cruz de Mello ◽  
Felipe Pereira da Silva ◽  
Andrea Medeiros Salgado ◽  
Fabiana Valéria da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Immobilized Enzyme ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Immobilized Enzymes ◽  
Enzymatic Oxidation ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Chitosan Beads ◽  
Tyrosinase Enzyme

Abstract Tyrosinase enzyme present in a crude extract was immobilized in granular activated carbon (GAC) and activated chitosan beads (ACB). It was possible to immobilize up to 70.0 % of the enzymes in GAC in the conditions of 10.0 g of support, 15.7 rad/s of agitation and 90 minutes of contact time, and 100.0 % of enzymes in ACB when using 5 g of support, agitation of 15.7 rad/s and contact time of 120 minutes. In enzymatic oxidation tests, tyrosinase immobilized in GAC was able to achieve a final phenol concentration below the limit required by Brazilian law, 0.5 mg/L for phenol solutions with an initial concentration up to 20.0 mg/L while the enzyme immobilized in ACB was able to adapt solutions with initial concentrations of phenol up to 40.0 mg /L. It was possible to reuse the enzyme immobilized in GAC 2 times, maintaining the same phenol removal efficiency, while the enzyme immobilized in ACB maintained up to 98.0 % of its efficiency in 5 cycles of enzymatic oxidation of solutions with 10.0 mg/L of phenol initially. It was possible to maintain the same phenol removal efficiency as immobilized enzymes when stored for up to 2 weeks.

scholarly journals Determination of the Optimum Removal Efficiency of Fine Particulate Matter Using Activated Carbon Fiber (ACF)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8230
Author(s):  
Min-Kyeong Kim ◽  
Yelim Jang ◽  
Duckshin Park
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Activated Carbon Fiber ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Before And After

In Korea, concentrations of particulate matter (PM10) are significantly higher in urban railway tunnels (178.1 μg/m3) than in metropolitan areas (49 μg/m3). In railway tunnels in Korea, it was maintained at 3–4 times higher concentration than general atmosphere and platform. Dust generated by trains is scattered at high speed in these tunnels, making filtration difficult; therefore, the development of filters that can be maintained in tunnels is required. In the present study, we examined PM adsorption in the laboratory scale using activated carbon fiber (ACF), which has high adsorption and capacity. The ACF depth, velocity of flow, and fine PM concentration in the tunnel were the experimental variables. We compared PM concentrations before and after the filter experiments, and calculated removal efficiency to determine the optimal conditions. Comprehensive examination of the experimental variables and differential pressure showed that the optimal conditions for an ACF specimen were a wind speed of 3.0 m/s and the ACF depth of 400 mm. The average removal efficiency of PM10 was 55.5%, and that of PM2.5 was 36.6%. The reproducibility tests showed that the ACF filter could be washed and reused and is suitable for various places because it is easily maintained.

Comparative Study of Phenol Adsorption from Aqueous Solution onto Four Kinds of Absorbents

2014 ◽  
Vol 1056 ◽  
pp. 134-137
Author(s):  
Wei Fang Dong ◽  
Li Hua Zang ◽  
Xin Pang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Nay Zeolite ◽  
Phenol Adsorption

The absorbents including MnO2, fly ash, NaY zeolite and activated carbon powder were used to study the adsorption capacity of phenol. The effect of contact time and dosage of absorbents on the removal efficiency were investigated. The experimental results suggested that activated carbon powder is most effective absorbent, following as fly ash, MnO2 and NaY zeolite which the removal efficiency could reached 98.41%,77.65%, 60.19% and 24.13% at 90min respectively. The data indicated that the activated carbon powder was favorable for adsorption while NaY zeolite was unfit for absorbent of phenol from aqueous solution due to lower removal.

Synthesis of Calcium Peroxide Microparticles in Aqueous at Room Temperature and its Application in Heavy Metal Ions Removal from Waste Liquid of COD Determining

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 648-653
Author(s):  
Jian Zhai ◽  
Chun Hua Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Calcium Peroxide ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions Removal ◽  
Metal Ions Removal

The calcium peroxide microparticles were synthesized and evaluated as an innovative oxidant to remove Fe (III) and Cr (III) from waste liquid of COD determining samples. The CaO2 microparticles were 0.1-0.3 μm in diameter and the average CaO2 content was 80%. Experiments were performed to investigate the influence of contact time, pH of solution and CaO2 microparticles dosage on the efficiency of Fe (III) and Cr (III) removal. Up to 100.0% and 99.8% removal efficiency for Fe (III) and Cr (III) respectively was obtained by microparticles dosage of 10000 mg/L at 30 min and pH 7.46. It could be concluded that the removal efficiency was enhanced by increasing CaO2 microparticles dosage and reaction time, but decreased by increasing pH. These results suggest that CaO2 microparticles may be used to develop a simple and efficient removal method for waste liquid of COD determining samples.

scholarly journals Selective Removal of Sodium Ions from Aqueous Media Using Effective Adsorbents: Optimization by RSM and Genetic Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-803
Author(s):  
Lei Yao ◽  
Chao Hong ◽  
Hani Dashtifard ◽  
Hossein Esmaeili
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Sorption Efficiency

This study aimed to determine the best adsorbent among Moringa oleifera-derived activated carbon (AC), eggshell-derived CaO nanoparticles and CaO/Fe3O4 for sodium (Na+) removal from aqueous media. In the first step, the appropriate adsorbent for sodium adsorption was determined among the three adsorbents, which the results showed that the AC had the highest sorption efficiency. Then, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to evaluate the impact of different factors on the Na+ ion sorption efficiency using the AC. The highest removal efficiency was obtained to be 95.91% at optimum conditions such as pH of 11, contact time of 45 min, temperature of 25 °C, sodium ion concentration of 900 mg/L, and adsorbent dosage of 5 g/L. Also, the best conditions using the genetic algorithm was obtained at contact time of 94.97 min, adsorbent dosage of 3.52 g/L, Na+ ion concentration of 939.92 mg/L and pH value of 10.92. Moreover, the maximum sorption capacity using the Langmuir model was obtained to be 249.67 mg/g, which was a significant value. Besides, the equilibrium and kinetic studies indicated that the experimental data of sodium adsorption process were fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. Furthermore, the thermodynamic study indicated that the sorption process was endothermic. Generally, among the three adsorbents used, activated carbon with a high removal efficiency and significant sorption capacity can be considered as a promising adsorbent for the removal of sodium from wastewater on an industrial scale.

Isotherm and Kinetic Models for Bio-sorption of Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Solutions using Dry Peanut Shells and Hazelnut Shells

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2603-2607
Author(s):  
Firas Hashim Kamar ◽  
Salman H. Abbas ◽  
Asem Hassan Mohammed ◽  
Mihaela Emanuela Craciun ◽  
Aurelia Cristina Nechifor
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Sorption Kinetics ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Peanut Shells ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Isotherm And Kinetic Models ◽  
Hazelnut Shells

This work is aiming to investigate the removal Cd(II) ions from the aqueous solution using two types of biosorbent materials: peanut shells (PS) and hazelnut shells (HS). The effect of several variables on the batch bio-sorption was studied. The process was carried out at room temperature, shacking speed 200 rpm and using fixed adsorbent diameters of 0.75 mm. The highest removal efficiency of Cd(II) ions onto PS was 91.45% in the best conditions (pH=3, initial concentration of Cd(II) ions 50 mg/ L, amount adsorbent was 0.75 g, contact time was 120 min), while the highest removal efficiency when using HS was 85.62% at pH= 4, and contact time of 160 minutes using the same initial concentration of Cd(II) ions as well as the same amount of absorbent material. Isotherm was studied for bio-sorption of Cd(II) ions using these two adsorbents, and the pseudo- first and second order models were used to study bio-sorption kinetics. The results of the infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of (PS) and (HS) samples before and after loading for Cd(II) ions showed that hydroxyl and carboxyl groups play a major role in bio-sorption of these ions.

scholarly journals PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL FROM IRAQI TREATED WASTEWATER USING ALUM SLUDGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (Special) ◽  
pp. 3-203-3-212
Author(s):  
Aseel M. Alwan ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Ali Rashid ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Phosphorous Removal ◽  
Alum Sludge

Phosphorus is one of the most important nutrients affecting the eutrophication, so its treatment is the most important thing that must be taken before wastewater is dumped into water bodies. This paper presents a study on phosphorous removal by adsorption with oven-dried-alum-sludge (ODAS) that was collected from Baqubah treatment plant (Iraq) and preheat at 105 ° C, cool down at room temperature, and crushed into small particles of (0.8-5) mm. The effect of ODAS studied with doses of 1.25-20 g/l and found that the higher the dose of adsorbent, the higher the percentage of phosphorous removal. Contact time also studied its effect on phosphorous removal and found that it has a clear effect on the adsorption process, as the percentage of phosphorous removal efficiency increased with increasing contact time. The optimum dosage of ODAS was 10 g/l and contact time 180 min with phosphorous removal efficiency (98%, 99%, 97%, and 97%) for initial concentration of (5, 10, 15, and 20) mg/l of phosphorus.

scholarly journals Removal of metoprolol from aqueous solutions by the activated carbon prepared from pine cones

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariush Naghipour ◽  
Abdoliman Amouei ◽  
Kamran Taher Ghasemi ◽  
Kamran Taghavi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Pine Cones ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

Background: Metoprolol (MTP) with its low biodegradability is one of the most dominant micropollutant in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of metoprolol from aqueous solutions by the activated carbon prepared from pine cones. Methods: The pine cones were activated using thermal activation method. Characteristics of the adsorbent were determined using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In this study, the influent of different parameters such as pH, contact time, initial concentrations of metoprolol, adsorbent dose, temperature, adsorption isotherms, and kinetics were investigated. Results: The maximum removal efficiency of MTP (89.2%) was obtained at pH=8.5, adsorbent dose=1.5 g, contact time=60 min, and initial concentration=50 mg/L. By increasing the adsorbent dose, the removal efficiency also increased, but the adsorption capacity decreased, however, by increasing the initial concentration, the removal efficiency decreased, but the adsorption capacity increased. The isotherm experimental data for metoprolol was best fitted using the Langmuir model, and kinetic data were better described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic study indicated that the adsorption of MTP by the adsorbent was feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic. Conclusion: MTP removal by the activated carbon prepared from pine cones showed that this natural adsorbent is appropriate for removal of metoprolol from aqueous solutions regarding cost, efficiency, and production method.

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