scholarly journals Pharmacists’ Perception of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11541
Author(s):  
Tamara Al-Daghastani ◽  
Odate Tadros ◽  
Shereen Arabiyat ◽  
Deema Jaber ◽  
Husam AlSalamat
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Second Wave

Objectives: To analyze the role of pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic, to measure pharmacists’ attitude toward COVID-19 safety measures (wearing masks, wearing gloves, isolation shield, good hygiene, etc.), and explore their perspectives regarding a second wave of the virus. Methods: This cross-sectional online survey study was conducted in Jordan during the COVID-19 outbreak in July 2020 to discuss Jordanian pharmacists’ awareness of safety at their workplace during the COVID-19 outbreak, their sources of information, and their predictions for COVID-19 vaccination. Results: The participants (n = 311) were all pharmacists mostly aged between 23–30 years old (45%) and female (83%). The primary source of information about COVID-19 was social networking (38.9%). Pharmacists were committed to social distancing (86.5%) and wearing masks (76.2%). They expressed levels of agreement to their role in decreasing COVID-19 spread (94.2%) and correcting false information (94.5%); they expressed levels of expectation toward concern about a second COVID-19 wave (83%) that would be more severe than the previous one (43.4%). Pharmacists expected that an influenza vaccine might be helpful in decreasing severity and spread of the COVID-19 pandemic (56.9%). Pharmacists expected COVID-19 vaccine development within 6 months of administering our study survey (84.9%) and that vaccination might be effective in preventing COVID-19 (93%) infection. Conclusion: Pharmacists expressed positive roles on COVID-19 spread through exemplary actions, self-commitment to protection measures, and public health awareness. Social media as a source of health information should be cautiously investigated, and pharmacists should always refer to evidence-based sources. The role of pharmacists is particularly important for the upcoming era of COVID-19 vaccination administration and awareness.

scholarly journals Experiences of Australian podiatrists working through the 2020 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: an online survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cylie M. Williams ◽  
Anna Couch ◽  
Terry Haines ◽  
Hylton B. Menz
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Medical Officer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Working Through ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background On the 19th of January, 2020, the Chief Medical Officer of Australia issued a statement about a novel coronavirus, or SARS-CoV-2. Since this date, there have been variable jurisdictional responses, including lockdowns, and restrictions on podiatry practice. This study aimed to describe impacts of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the podiatry profession in Australia. Methods This was a cross sectional study of Australian podiatrists using demographic data collected between 2017 and 2020, and pandemic-related question responses collected between 30th March and 31st August, 2020. Data were collected online and participants described their work settings, patient funding types, business decisions and impacts, and information sources used to guide practice decisions during this time-period. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse open-ended questions about their practice impact of SARS-CoV-2. Results There were 732 survey responses, with 465 Australian podiatrists or podiatric surgeons providing responses describing pandemic impact. From these responses, 223 (49% of 453) podiatrists reported no supply issues, or having adequate supplies for the foreseeable future with personal protective equipment (PPE) or consumables to support effective infection prevention and control. The most frequent responses about employment, or hours of work, impact were reported in the various categories of “business as usual” (n = 312, 67%). Participants described most frequently using the local state and territory Department of Health websites (n = 347, 75%), and the Australian Podiatry Association (n = 334, 72%) to make decisions about their business. Overarching themes which resounded through open-ended comments was that working through the pandemic was likened to a marathon, and not a sprint. Themes were: (i) commitment to do this, (ii) it’s all in the plan, but not everything goes to plan, (iii) my support team must be part of getting through it, (iv) road blocks happen, and (v) nothing is easy, what’s next? Conclusion Podiatrists in Australia reported variable pandemic impact on their business decisions, PPE stores, and their valued sources of information. Podiatrists also described their “marathon” journey through the pandemic to date, with quotes describing their challenges and highlights. Describing these experiences should provide key learnings for future workforce challenges, should further restrictions come into place.

Drinking to Cope Motivations as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Sexual Coercion Victimization and Alcohol Use Among College Women: The Role of Depressive Symptoms

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 721-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Ehlke ◽  
Michelle L. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drinking To Cope ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Relationship

This cross-sectional study examined whether depressive symptoms strengthened the relationship between different forms of sexual coercion victimization and drinking to cope motivations, which was hypothesized to influence alcohol use. Participants were 214 female undergraduates who completed an online survey. Participants who experienced any lifetime sexual coercion and reported higher depressive symptoms were the most likely to report drinking to cope motivations, which in turn were associated with alcohol use. Depressive symptoms did not strengthen the relationship between specific forms of sexual coercion, drinking to cope, and alcohol use. Increasing emotion regulation strategies among sexual coercion victims may reduce drinking.

The role of Science Literacy, Trust, and Impulsivity on Adherence to COVID-19 Recommendations: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perla Amalia Vargas ◽  
Nicole M Lee ◽  
Scott Barclay
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Science Literacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fox News ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
Perfect Adherence

BACKGROUND To slow down transmission and prevent deaths in the face of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic, the public needs to adhere to recommendations to limit exposure and the spread of the disease. There is emerging evidence that television viewership choices and partisanship are associated to adherence to COVID-19 -related preventive recommendations. On the other hand, some suggest that believing fake news may be due to impulsivity or a lack of thinking rather than partisanship. OBJECTIVE To test whether 1) individuals with high levels of impulsivity will be less likely to adhere to COVID-19 recommendations; and 2) if the odds of adhering to the recommendations will be higher for those with positive attitudes toward science, higher levels of science literacy, and COVID-19 knowledge, who get their news from scientific/reliable sources. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional online survey administered via Qualtrics (Provo, UT). COVID-related survey items were extracted from recent COVID-19 studies. Respondents completed assessments on impulsiveness, perception of scientists and science literacy. selected their common sources of information including conservative and liberal media (e.g., Fox News or One America News Network – OANN and MSNBC or CNN). The sample was recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) and from the student population of a large university in the southwestern U.S. After removing incomplete responses, the final sample included 1223 cases. RESULTS Consistent with previous reports, compared to respondents who got their News from sources other than Fox News or OANN, those who reported Fox News or OANN as their main source of information had significantly lower scores of COVID-19 knowledge. Consistent with our hypotheses, we found that impulsivity was associated with adherence: high scores was associated to adherence failure while low scores were associated to perfect adherence. COVID-19 knowledge and trust in scientists showed the same significant associations: high knowledge scores were associated to perfect adherence and low to failure. Contrary to our hypothesis, Science Literacy did not predict adherence. Finally, race was also significantly associated with adherence: being white was associated to adherence failure while being non-white predicted perfect adherence. CONCLUSIONS To increase voluntary adherence to COVID-19 measures, it is critical to implement public health campaigns that foster trust in authorities –Republican and Democrat-- and leverage trustworthy individuals in the community to disseminate information. For individuals with high levels of impulsivity, environmental restructuring, and/or nudging may be necessary to increase adherence to preventive recommendations.

Are Dutch Hospitals Prepared for Chemical, Biological, or Radionuclear Incidents? A Survey Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc J.M. Mortelmans ◽  
Menno I. Gaakeer ◽  
Greet Dieltiens ◽  
Kurt Anseeuw ◽  
Marc B. Sabbe
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Preparedness ◽  
High Doses

AbstractIntroductionBeing one of Europe’s most densely populated countries, and having multiple nuclear installations, a heavy petrochemical industry, and terrorist targets, the Netherlands is at-risk for chemical, biological, or radionuclear (CBRN) incidents. Recent world and continental events show that this threat is real and that authorities may be underprepared.HypothesisThe hypothesis of this study is that Dutch hospitals are underprepared to deal with these incidents.MethodsA descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed. All 93 Dutch hospitals with an emergency department (ED) were sent a link to an online survey on different aspects of CBRN preparedness. Besides specific hospital information, information was obtained on the hospital’s disaster planning; risk perception; and availability of decontamination units, personal protective equipment (PPE), antidotes, radiation detection, infectiologists, isolation measures, and staff training.ResultsResponse rate was 67%. Sixty-two percent of participating hospitals were estimated to be at-risk for CBRN incidents. Only 40% had decontamination facilities and 32% had appropriate PPE available for triage and decontamination teams. Atropine was available in high doses in all hospitals, but specific antidotes that could be used for treating victims of CBRN incidents, such as hydroxycobolamine, thiosulphate, Prussian blue, Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), or pralidoxime, were less frequently available (74%, 65%, 18%, 14%, and 42%, respectively). Six percent of hospitals had radioactive detection equipment with an alarm function and 22.5% had a nuclear specialist available 24/7 in case of disasters. Infectiologists were continuously available in 60% of the hospitals. Collective isolation facilities were present in 15% of the hospitals.Conclusion:There is a serious lack of hospital preparedness for CBRN incidents in The Netherlands.MortelmansLJM, GaakeerMI, DieltiensG, AnseeuwK, SabbeMB. Are Dutch hospitals prepared for chemical, biological, or radionuclear incidents? A survey study. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(5):483–491.

scholarly journals Role of community-based measures in adherence to self-protective behaviors during first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Asma Ayyed AL-Shammary ◽  
Sehar un-Nisa Hassan ◽  
Aqeela Zahra ◽  
Fahad Bin Zafir Algahtani ◽  
Shadi Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Second Wave

Background: The expected second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has started in various regions of the world. Public health experts warned that it could be as lethal as the first wave if people did not comply with self-protective measures. Currently, there is a gap in the literature on the relationship between peoples’ assessment of the effectiveness of community-based measures regarding adherence to self-protective behaviors for COVID-19 prevention and control. This study aimed to assess the role of the perceived effectiveness of community-based measures in adherence to self-protective behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The cross-sectional online survey conducted from March 24 to June 22, 2020. The study sample Included 400 participants (49% male and 51% female) from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The outcome measure was compliance to four self-protective behaviors i.e., "social distancing;" "wearing facemask;" "washing hands more frequently;" and "disinfecting surfaces in homes." We computed Chi-square statistics and odds ratios (ORs) using 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The findings demonstrated that participants aged 25–34 years old were 25% less likely to comply with hand hygiene (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.33–0.95) and social distancing (OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.34–0.98). Misconceptions related to COVID-19 significantly decreased compliance with self-protective behaviors by up to 27%. Participants who rated government decisions as useful were approximately 1.7 times more likely to comply with self-protective behaviors. Conclusion: Community-based measures should focus on engaging segments of the population That are currently less compliant. Health education policies should also focus on enhancing the perceived sense of control and personal responsibility and reduce anxiety levels. A continuous commitment to the implementation of preventive interventions and the clarification of misconceptions are required to combat the expected second wave.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Traditional Medicine Practitioners in Edo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Obi Peter Adigwe ◽  
Moses Musa Ebohon ◽  
Henry Omoregie Egharevba
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

The people of Edo State of Nigeria have a long history of dependence on traditional medicine as a primary source and first line of action for their healthcare needs. Efforts have been made by various national and subnational governments towards integrating the TM practice for the benefit of its citizens with little progress. The slow progress is partly because of dearth in the knowledge, attitude and practice of the practitioners. A descriptive cross-sectional study aimed at highlighting the demography, attitude and approach as well as the exposing the key gaps in the practice and expectation of the practitioners from the different stakeholders, was carried out. The survey study was conducted using a standardized structured questionnaire. The outcome showed that 90% of practitioners were within the age bracket of 25 and 65 years, and majority (66%) were of male gender and, about 94% and 78% were literate and self-employed, respectively. About 30% have being in practice for less than 10 years and about 44% sees less than 10 patients per week. The major diseases treated include malaria (66%), stomach ulcer (62%), cough and sore throat (54%), diabetes (54%), gonorrhoea/sexually transmitted diseases (52%) and menstrual pain (50%). About 28% claimed to have subjected some of their products to laboratory testing but only about 4% of respondents had NAFDAC registered products. Edo TMPs have high expectation for government and partners supports in strengthening TM practices through the provision modern production facility, supports for medicinal plant gardens, laboratory testing, training on best practices and better legislation for citizens’ patronage.

Role of flavours in vaping uptake and cessation among New Zealand smokers and non-smokers: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Gendall ◽  
Janet Hoek
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers

BackgroundConcerns about the effects of vaping have prompted calls to restrict e-cigarette flavours. Vaping proponents have criticised these proposals, which they argue may discourage smokers from taking up vaping or trigger relapse to smoking. We explored the role flavours play in vaping uptake and cessation among New Zealand cigarette smokers and vaping-susceptible never smokers (VSNS), and examined current vapers’ preferred flavours.MethodsWe conducted an online survey of 1005 New Zealanders aged 18–70 years that included 324 current vapers (vaped in the last 30 days) and 302 ‘past’ vapers (reported past vaping, but not within the last month). We asked respondents their reasons for vaping and explored current vapers’ preferred e-cigarette flavours; we analysed the data using descriptive statistics and logistic regression.ResultsIrrespective of smoking status, flavour was one of the main reasons respondents gave for vaping (smokers 83%; former smokers 77%; VSNS 80%). Flavour was less important to former vapers; 47% of smokers, 57% of former smokers and 64% of VSNS cited flavour as a reason for originally taking up vaping. Fruit flavours were most popular among all three groups; smokers also favoured tobacco flavour, while former smokers also favoured mint or menthol, and never smokers also favoured confectionery/sweets/lolly flavours.ConclusionsFlavours play a major role in vaping initiation for current smokers, former smokers and vaping-susceptible non-smokers, and remain important to those who continue vaping. Our findings highlight the need for regulation that allows some flavour diversity without the extravagant marketing currently used to promote vaping and e-liquids.

Hope and Self-Compassion to Alleviate Parenting Stress in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 106648072110408
Author(s):  
Aileen S. Garcia ◽  
Staci L. Born ◽  
Christin L. Carotta ◽  
Erin S. Lavender-Stott ◽  
Hung-Ling (Stella) Liu
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Serious Disease

As the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted all aspects of life, parents have been subjected to more household and caregiving responsibilities and stressors. The purpose of this study is to investigate how hope, self-compassion, and perception of COVID-19 health risks influence parenting stress. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 362 parents living in the United States completed an online survey in July 2020. Multiple regression analyses revealed that higher levels of hope are related to lower levels of parenting stress. On the other hand, lower levels of self-compassion as indicated by higher scores on the subscales of isolation, self-judgment, and overidentification are related to higher levels of parenting stress. Further, testing positive for the coronavirus is positively related to parenting stress, whereas the belief that COVID-19 is a serious disease is negatively related to parenting stress. Findings also revealed the significant role of hope in moderating the relation between self-compassion and parenting stress. This study highlights the importance of nurturing and drawing from one’s own psychological resources to mitigate parenting stress, particularly in the context of a chronic source of stress like a pandemic. Implications for the counseling profession are discussed.

scholarly journals Knowledge and conduct of pharmacists for dispensing of drugs in community pharmacies: a cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Marques dos Reis ◽  
Camilo Molino Guidoni ◽  
Edmarlon Girotto ◽  
Ricardo Radigheri Rascado ◽  
Patrícia de Carvalho Mastroianni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Professional Conduct ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
National Economic

The objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge of pharmacists and check their conduct in relation to dispensing of drugs. This is a cross-sectional study performed in four municipalities from South and Southeast of Brazil, which are reference in health national scenario and concentrate 73.6% of national economic activity. Pharmacists who works in community pharmacies were invited to answer a questionnaire prepared by the authors of this study and validated. The main outcome measured was the pharmaceutical knowledge, rated according to the number of correct answers on that questionnaire prepared by the researchers, and professional conduct in relation to dispensing of drugs. The data collection occurred from September to December 2012 and the information obtained were tabulated in duplicate by two independent researchers for later analysis. 486 community pharmacies were visited but only 112 professionals participated in the study. Among the participants, 78.6% (n = 88) did not have adequate knowledge to perform the dispensing of drugs, despite this same number of pharmacists claiming to have participated in conferences and courses after graduation. The main sources of information on drugs used by participants have a low level of scientific evidence. The performance of non-employment related tasks reduces the time available for the care of medication users. In addition, the indiscriminate sale of antimicrobials and the sale of products other than health, mischaracterize the role of the pharmacist in the community pharmacy. There are gaps in the knowledge of professionals, limiting the satisfactory completion of dispensing of drugs. In addition, the excess of other duties and inadequate professional conduct compromise the promotion of the rational use of drugs.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Nurses and Auxiliary Nursing Care Technicians—A Voluntary Online Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8310
Author(s):  
Eduardo Sánchez-Sánchez ◽  
J. Ángel García-Álvarez ◽  
Esperanza García-Marín ◽  
María Gutierrez-Serrano ◽  
Maria José M. Alférez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Workplace Stressors ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Second Wave

Pandemics impose an immense psychological burden on healthcare workers due to a combination of workplace stressors and personal fears. Nurses and auxiliary nursing care technicians (ANCTs) are on the front line of this pandemic and form the largest group in healthcare practice. The aim of this study is to determine the symptoms of depression and/or anxiety among nurses and ANCTs during the periods known as the first wave (March–June) and second wave (September–November) of theCOVID-19 pandemic in Spain. An observational cross-sectional study was carried out using an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire among nurses and ANCTs practising in Spain. During the first period, 68.3% and 49.6% of the subjects presented anxiety and depression, respectively, decreasing in the second period (49.5% for anxiety and 35.1% for depression). There were statistically significant differences between the different categories and periods (p < 0.001). The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively influenced mental health in nurses and ANCTs. Mental health should be monitored and coping strategies promoted to improve the health, productivity and efficiency of these professionals.

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