scholarly journals Identification of Policies Based on Assessment-Optimization Model to Confront Vulnerable Resources System with Large Population Scale in a Big City

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13097
Author(s):  
Xueting Zeng ◽  
Hua Xiang ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Yong Xue ◽  
Jinxin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Uncertain Information ◽  
Beijing City ◽  
Resource Governance ◽  
Big City ◽  
Population Scale ◽  
The Relationship

The conflict between excessive population development and vulnerable resource (including water, food, and energy resources) capacity influenced by multiple uncertainties can increase the difficulty of decision making in a big city with large population scale. In this study, an adaptive population and water–food–energy (WFE) management framework (APRF) incorporating vulnerability assessment, uncertainty analysis, and systemic optimization methods is developed for optimizing the relationship between population development and WFE management (P-WFE) under combined policies. In the APRF, the vulnerability of WFE was calculated by an entropy-based driver–pressure–state–response (E-DPSR) model to reflect the exposure, sensitivity, and adaptability caused by population growth, economic development, and resource governance. Meanwhile, a scenario-based dynamic fuzzy model with Hurwicz criterion (SDFH) is proposed for not only optimizing the relationship of P-WFE with uncertain information expressed as possibility and probability distributions, but also reflecting the risk preference of policymakers with an elected manner. The developed APRF is applied to a real case study of Beijing city, which has characteristics of a large population scale and resource deficit. The results of WFE shortages and population adjustments were obtained to identify an optimized P-WEF plan under various policies, to support the adjustment of the current policy in Beijing city. Meanwhile, the results associated with resource vulnerability and benefit analysis were analyzed for improving the robustness of policy generation.

scholarly journals Pituitary MRI characteristics in 297 acromegaly patients based on T2-weighted sequences

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulia Potorac ◽  
Patrick Petrossians ◽  
Adrian F Daly ◽  
Franck Schillo ◽  
Claude Ben Slama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Optic Chiasm ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
Maximal Diameter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Multimodal Management ◽  
Mri Characteristics ◽  
Weighted Sequences ◽  
The Relationship

Responses of GH-secreting adenomas to multimodal management of acromegaly vary widely between patients. Understanding the behavioral patterns of GH-secreting adenomas by identifying factors predictive of their evolution is a research priority. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between the T2-weighted adenoma signal on diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in acromegaly and clinical and biological features at diagnosis. An international, multicenter, retrospective analysis was performed using a large population of 297 acromegalic patients recently diagnosed with available diagnostic MRI evaluations. The study was conducted at ten endocrine tertiary referral centers. Clinical and biochemical characteristics, and MRI signal findings were evaluated. T2-hypointense adenomas represented 52.9% of the series, were smaller than their T2-hyperintense and isointense counterparts (P<0.0001), were associated with higher IGF1 levels (P=0.0001), invaded the cavernous sinus less frequently (P=0.0002), and rarely caused optic chiasm compression (P<0.0001). Acromegalic men tended to be younger at diagnosis than women (P=0.067) and presented higher IGF1 values (P=0.01). Although in total, adenomas had a predominantly inferior extension in 45.8% of cases, in men this was more frequent (P<0.0001), whereas in women optic chiasm compression of macroadenomas occurred more often (P=0.0067). Most adenomas (45.1%) measured between 11 and 20 mm in maximal diameter and bigger adenomas were diagnosed at younger ages (P=0.0001). The T2-weighted signal differentiates GH-secreting adenomas into subgroups with particular behaviors. This raises the question of whether the T2-weighted signal could represent a factor in the classification of acromegalic patients in future studies.

scholarly journals Influence of Selected Model Parameters on the Electromagnetic Levitation Melting Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3827
Author(s):  
Blazej Nycz ◽  
Lukasz Malinski ◽  
Roman Przylucki
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Levitation ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reactive Metals ◽  
Electromagnetic Levitation Melting ◽  
Metal Melting

The article presents the results of multivariate calculations for the levitation metal melting system. The research had two main goals. The first goal of the multivariate calculations was to find the relationship between the basic electrical and geometric parameters of the selected calculation model and the maximum electromagnetic buoyancy force and the maximum power dissipated in the charge. The second goal was to find quasi-optimal conditions for levitation. The choice of the model with the highest melting efficiency is very important because electromagnetic levitation is essentially a low-efficiency process. Despite the low efficiency of this method, it is worth dealing with it because is one of the few methods that allow melting and obtaining alloys of refractory reactive metals. The research was limited to the analysis of the electromagnetic field modeled three-dimensionally. From among of 245 variants considered in the article, the most promising one was selected characterized by the highest efficiency. This variant will be a starting point for further work with the use of optimization methods.

Factor-Bounded Nonnegative Matrix Factorization

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Kai Liu ◽  
Xiangyu Li ◽  
Zhihui Zhu ◽  
Lodewijk Brand ◽  
Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Factorization ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Nonnegative Matrix Factorization ◽  
Nonnegative Matrix ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Auxiliary Function ◽  
Image Clustering ◽  
Real World Datasets ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Matrix Factors

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is broadly used to determine class membership in a variety of clustering applications. From movie recommendations and image clustering to visual feature extractions, NMF has applications to solve a large number of knowledge discovery and data mining problems. Traditional optimization methods, such as the Multiplicative Updating Algorithm (MUA), solves the NMF problem by utilizing an auxiliary function to ensure that the objective monotonically decreases. Although the objective in MUA converges, there exists no proof to show that the learned matrix factors converge as well. Without this rigorous analysis, the clustering performance and stability of the NMF algorithms cannot be guaranteed. To address this knowledge gap, in this article, we study the factor-bounded NMF problem and provide a solution algorithm with proven convergence by rigorous mathematical analysis, which ensures that both the objective and matrix factors converge. In addition, we show the relationship between MUA and our solution followed by an analysis of the convergence of MUA. Experiments on both toy data and real-world datasets validate the correctness of our proposed method and its utility as an effective clustering algorithm.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between TSH and Free T4 in a Large Population Is Complex and Nonlinear and Differs by Age and Sex

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 2936-2943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narelle C. Hadlow ◽  
Karen M. Rothacker ◽  
Robert Wardrop ◽  
Suzanne J. Brown ◽  
Ee Mun Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Assessing the influence of social capital on water point sustainability in rural Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret T. Person ◽  
Maryann G. Delea ◽  
Joshua V. Garn ◽  
Kelly Alexander ◽  
Bekele Abaire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Rural Ethiopia ◽  
Resource Governance ◽  
Water Point ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Despite considerable investment, sustainability of rural water resources remains a critical challenge in Ethiopia. Evidence suggests social capital – the networks, norms, and trust that facilitate cooperative behaviors – influences a community's ability to manage communal water resources. In turn, strong community governance of water resources may lead to sustainable resource management. Existing evidence provides a framework for exploring the relationship between social capital and governance of common-pool resources. However, there is a dearth of quantifiable evidence demonstrating the relationship between social capital, collaborative governance, and, in turn, sustainability of communal water resources. In 32 communities in rural Ethiopia, we employed a validated survey tool, developed by the World Bank, to quantify social capital and explore these relationships. We found associations between governance and several social capital domains: groups and networks, trust and solidarity, and information and communication. All governance indicators were associated with functionality. Identifying domains of social capital that influence governance can inform institutional efforts to target community-based water resource programming, foster social capital to improve water point sustainability, and diagnose issues related to resource management. Additional research examining the influence and directionality of social capital and other social constructs on water resource governance and functionality is warranted.

scholarly journals The relationship between apathy and impulsivity in large population samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Petitet ◽  
Jacqueline Scholl ◽  
Bahaaeddin Attaallah ◽  
Daniel Drew ◽  
Sanjay Manohar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Recent Addition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gathering Data ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Conditions

AbstractApathy and impulsivity are debilitating conditions associated with many neuropsychiatric conditions, and expressed to variable degrees in healthy people. While some theories suggest that they lie at different ends of a continuum, others suggest their possible co-existence. Surprisingly little is known, however, about their empirical association in the general population. Here, gathering data from six large studies ($$n = 3755$$ n = 3755 ), we investigated the relationship between measures of apathy and impulsivity in young adults. The questionnaires included commonly used self-assessment tools—Apathy Evaluation Scale, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and UPPS-P Scale—as well as a more recent addition, the Apathy Motivation Index (AMI). Remarkably, across datasets and assessment tools, global measures of apathy and impulsivity correlated positively. However, analysis of sub-scale scores revealed a more complex relationship. Although most dimensions correlated positively with one another, there were two important exceptions revealed using the AMI scale. Social apathy was mostly negatively correlated with impulsive behaviour, and emotional apathy was orthogonal to all other sub-domains. These results suggest that at a global level, apathy and impulsivity do not exist at distinct ends of a continuum. Instead, paradoxically, they most often co-exist in young adults. Processes underlying social and emotional apathy, however, appear to be different and dissociable from behavioural apathy and impulsivity.

scholarly journals Investigation of the relationship between landform classes and electrical conductivity (EC) of water and soil using a fuzzy model in a GIS environment

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 873-880
Author(s):  
Marzieh Mokarram ◽  
Dinesh Sathyamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Fuzzy Method ◽  
The North ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High ◽  
Soil And Water

Abstract. Soil genesis is highly dependent on landforms as they control the erosional processes and the soil physical and chemical properties. The relationship between landform classification and electrical conductivity (EC) of soil and water in the northern part of Meharloo watershed, Fars province, Iran, was investigated using a combination of a geographical information system (GIS) and a fuzzy model. The results of the fuzzy method for water EC showed 36.6 % of the land to be moderately land suitable for agriculture; high, 31.69 %; and very high, 31.65 %. In comparison, the results of the fuzzy method for soil EC showed 24.31 % of the land to be as not suitable for agriculture (low class); moderate, 11.78 %; high, 25.74 %; and very high, 38.16 %. In total, the land suitable for agriculture with low EC is located in the north and northeast of the study area. The relationship between landform and EC shows that EC of water is high for the valley classes, while the EC of soil is high in the upland drainage class. In addition, the lowest EC levels for soil and water are in the plains class.

scholarly journals High serum non-high-density lipoprotein and the risk of ischemic stroke: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Nyoman Tyas Apsari ◽  
◽  
Kumara Tini ◽  
I Putu Eka Widyadharma ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Serum ◽  
High Density ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives. High levels of non high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) are known to contribute to an increased risk of ischemic stroke. This systematic review was conducted to identify the relationship between high non-HDL-C levels and the risk of ischemic stroke. Material and methods. This systematic review using PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) statement guideline, with a pre-determined search strategy. The search was conducted in Pubmed Central (PMC) and Pubmed from 2009 until 2020 with inclusion criteria, patients with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke, age >18 years, with non-HDL-C levels. The title and abstract of these articles were reviewed for relevance, based on inclusion criteria. This systematic review using STROBE to evaluate the quality in individual study which consists of 22 domains. Results. In the final stage, this systematic review identifies six cohort study consisting 166.720 participants. Overall, the quality in individual studies based on STROBE is good. We reported that there are two studies report that high non-HDL-C levels can significantly increase the risk of ischemic stroke. Meanwhile, there are four studies that report there was no significant relationship between high non-HDL-C levels and the risk of ischemic stroke. Conclusions. Overall, this systematic review provides the result about relationship between high levels of nonHDL-C and the risk of ischemic stroke, there are two studies with a larger population support that high levels of non-HDL-C can increase the risk of ischemic stroke. However, further studies is needed with a large population that specifically identify the relationship between non-HDL-C levels and risk of ischemic stroke and makes a better adjustments for confounding variables.

Migration and Hereditary Disease in the Saguenay Population of Eastern Quebéc

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 592-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret I. Gradie ◽  
Danielle Gauvreau
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Disease ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Hereditary Disease ◽  
Genetic Homogeneity ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Consanguineous Marriages ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship between migration and genetic disease in the situation of the Saguenay region of Quέbec. This large population shows an elevated incidence of several genetic diseases. The process of migration, which created the population, is thought to be a major factor in determining the genetic structure of the contemporary population. Preliminary results suggest that although consanguineous marriages are not and never were frequent in the population, socially, kinship was important in determining migration and persistence, leading to a high level of genetic homogeneity today.

FUZZY C-MEANS AND MIXTURE DISTRIBUTION MODELS IN THE PRESENCE OF NOISE CLUSTERS

2002 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 573-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
SADAAKI MIYAMOTO ◽  
ARNOLD C. ALANZADO
Keyword(s):  
Em Algorithm ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Mixture Distribution ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
The Em Algorithm ◽  
Mixture Distribution Model ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Noise Cluster

This paper discusses the relationship between the K-L information based FCM method and a mixture distribution model with the EM algorithm when a noise cluster is assumed. Equivalence between the two methods in the sense that the derived solutions are the same is proved. From the equivalence a parameter in the fuzzy model can be estimated by using the mixture distribution model. A regularized FCM algorithm with the noise cluster is moreover derived for which the equivalent statistical model with the EM algorithm does not exist.

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