scholarly journals The Potential Use of Nephelium lappaceum Seed as Coagulant–Coagulant Aid in the Treatment of Semi-Aerobic Landfill Leachate

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Hamidi Abdul Aziz ◽  
Nur Syahirah Rahmat ◽  
Motasem Y. D. Alazaiza
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Nephelium Lappaceum ◽  
Flocculation Process ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Chemical Materials

Chemical-based coagulants and flocculants are commonly used in the coagulation–flocculation process. However, the drawbacks of using these chemical materials have triggered researchers to find natural materials to substitute or reduce the number of chemical-based coagulants and flocculants. This study examines the potential application of Nephelium lappaceum seeds as a natural coagulant–coagulant aid with Tin (IV) chloride (SnCl4) in eliminating suspended solids (SS), colour, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from landfill leachate. Results showed that the efficiency of Nephelium lappaceum was low when used as the main coagulant in the standard jar test. When SnCl4 was applied as a single coagulant, as much as 98.4% of SS, 96.8% of colour and 82.0% of COD was eliminated at an optimal dose of 10.5 g/L and pH 7. The higher removal efficiency of colour (88.8%) was obtained when 8.40 g/L of SnCl4 was applied with a support of 3 g/L of Nephelium lappaceum. When SnCl4 was utilised as a coagulant, and Nephelium lappaceum seed was used as a flocculant, the removal of pollutants generally improved. Overall, this research showed that Nephelium lappaceum seed is a viable natural alternative for treating landfill leachate as a coagulant aid.

scholarly journals Dosage and pH optimization on stabilized landfill leachate via coagulation-flocculation process

2018 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 06007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Nor Aishah Mohd-Salleh ◽  
Nur Shaylinda Mohd-Zin ◽  
Norzila Othman ◽  
Nur Syahirah Mohd-Amdan ◽  
Fitryaliah Mohd-Shahli
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Conventional Optimization ◽  
Ph Optimization ◽  
Flocculation Process

Treatment on the generated landfill leachate is crucial as it can cause serious toxicological effects and environmental hazards, particularly when the unfavorable contaminants are left accumulated for a long period of time. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum coagulant dosage of polyaluminium chloride (PAC) in selected dosage ranges (2250-4500 mg/L) and to analyse the ideal pH of leachate sample (pH 3-10). PAC was tested on stabilized leachate taken from Simpang Renggam Landfill Site (SRLS), by investigating the percentage removals of five significant parameters, which were suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia, and heavy metals (iron (Fe) and chromium (Cr)). The removal efficiency was determined by a series of experiments using jar test. From the obtained results, it was found that 3750 mg/L and pH 7 were the optimum conditions for PAC dosage and sample pH, respectively. The conventional optimization test showed satisfactory results for suspended solids, COD, Fe, and Cr at 95%, 53%, 97%, and 79% respectively, but had low removal on ammonia at 18%. It can be concluded that the coagulation-flocculation process has the potential to be applied as a primary treatment for stabilized landfill leachate in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Optimization of Coagulation-Flocculation Process of Landfill Leachate by Tin (IV) Chloride Using Response Surface Methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz Hamidi ◽  
Syed Zainal Sharifah Farah Fariza ◽  
Alazaiza Motasem Y.D
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Flocculation Process ◽  
Maximum Removal

Landfill leachate is highly polluted and generated as a result of water infiltration through solid waste produced domestically and industrially. This study investigated the applicability of the response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the removal performances of chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, and suspended solids (SS) from landfill leachate by coagulation process using Tin tetrachloride pentahydrate. The leachate samples were collected from Alor Pongsu Landfill (APLS) in Perak, Malaysia. Before starting the experiments, general characterization was carried out for raw leachate samples to investigate their physical and chemical properties. The effects of the dosage and pH of SnCl4 on the removal performances were evaluated as well. An ideal experimental design was performed based on the central composite design (CCD) by RSM. In addition, this RSM was used to evaluate the effects of process variables and their interaction toward the attainment of their optimum conditions. The statistical design of the experiments and data analysis was resolved using the Design-Expert software. Further, the range of coagulant dosage and pH was selected based on a batch study which was conducted at 13000 mg/L to 17000 mg/L of SnCl4 and pH ranged from 6 to 10. The results showed that the optimum pH and dosage of SnCl4 were 7.17 and 15 g/L, respectively, where the maximum removal efficiency was 67.7% for COD and 100% for color and SS. The results were in agreement with the experimental data with a maximum removal efficiency of 67.84 %, 98.6 %, and 99.3%, for COD, color, and SS, respectively. Overall, this study verified that the RSM method was viable for optimizing the operational condition of the coagulation-flocculation process.

Raw landfill leachate treatment using an electrocoagulation process with a novel rotating electrode reactor

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Samir Naje ◽  
Mohammed A. Ajeel ◽  
Isam Mohamad Ali ◽  
Hussein A. M. Al-Zubaidi ◽  
Peter Adeniyi Alaba
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Neutral Medium ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Electrode Distance ◽  
Treatment Performance ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process

Abstract In this work, landfill leachate treatment by electrocoagulation process with a novel rotating anode reactor was studied. The influence of rotating anode speed on the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), and total suspended solids (TSS) of raw landfill leachate was investigated. The influence of operating parameters like leachate pH, leachate temperature, current, and inter-distance between the cathode rings and anode impellers on the electrocoagulation performance were also investigated. The results revealed the optimum rotating speed is 150 rpm and increasing the rotating speed above this value led to reducing process performance. The leachate electrocoagulation treatment process favors the neutral medium and the treatment performance increases with increasing current intensity. Furthermore, the electrocoagulation treatment performance improves with increasing leachate temperature. However, the performance reduces with increasing inter-electrode distance.

scholarly journals QUALITATIVE RESEARCH AND EVALUATION OF LANDFILL LEACHATE / KOKYBINIAI SĄVARTYNO FILTRATO TYRIMAI IR VERTINIMAS

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Kačinskaja ◽  
Kristina Bazienė ◽  
Saulius Vasarevičius
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Waste Landfill ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

Currently, depositing municipal waste in landfills is the dominating method in Lithuania. A large amount of landfill leachate is the main environmental problem. Municipal waste landfill leachate is characterized by high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) containing a number of heavy metals and concentration of organic compounds. The colmatation of landfill leachate collection systems is another burning problem that occurs due to certain characteristics of leachate such as suspended solids, an increase in calcium and magnesium concentrations and vital activity of microorganisms. Therefore, it is necessary to examine conditions affecting these parameters. The paper presents and analyses the characteristics of experimental data, assesses the factors having the greatest influence on recent development and introduces the measures that should be taken into account so that to the ensure optimal operation of the systems for collecting municipal waste landfill leachate. Article in Lithuanian. Santrauka Pagrindinis atliekų tvarkymo būdas Lietuvoje yra jų deponavimas sąvartynuose. Viena iš svarbiausių aplinkosauginių problemų – dideli susidarantys sąvartyno filtrato kiekiai. Komunalinių atliekų sąvartynų filtratui būdinga didelis biocheminio deguonies suvartojimas (BDS), filtrate taip pat nemažà sunkiųjų metalų bei organinių junginių koncentracija. Svarbu išskirti ir tokią problemą kaip sąvartyno filtrato surinkimo sistemų kolmatacija, pasireiškianti dėl tam tikrų filtrato savybių: skendinčiųjų medžiagų, kalcio ir magnio koncentracijų padidėjimo ir mikroorganizmų gyvybinės veiklos. Būtina įvertinti sąlygas, turinčias įtakos šių parametrų kitimui. Pateikti minėtų savybių eksperimentinių tyrimų duomenys ir analizė. Įvertinta, kokie veiksniai turi didžiausią įtaką filtrato parametrų kitimui, pavyzdžiui, tai, jog bendrasis kietumas (kalcis ir magnis) lemia pH didėjimą, t. y. terpės šarmėjimą. Be to, išanalizuota, kokių priemonių reikėtų imtis optimaliam komunalinių atliekų sąvartyno filtrato surinkimo sistemų veikimui užtikrinti.

scholarly journals Coagulation and electrocoagulation for co-treatment of stabilized landfill leachate and municipal wastewater

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohini Verma ◽  
R. Naresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
A Current ◽  
Aluminum Consumption

Abstract Landfill leachate and municipal wastewater at various ratios (1:20, 1:10, 1:7 and 1:5) were subjected to coagulation and electrocoagulation (EC). Alum was used in conventional coagulation at pH 6 and aluminum plate as electrode was used in EC at a current density of 386 A/m2 with 5 cm inter electrode spacing. Treatment efficiency was assessed from removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, ammonia, nitrate and phosphate. At 1:5 ratio of landfill leachate to municipal wastewater, highest COD removal was with 3.8 g/L alum whereas highest turbidity removal was with 3.3 g/L alum during coagulation. EC exhibited almost similar removal efficiency for all the parameters at different ratios tested except for COD which was considerably higher at 1:20 ratio. Aluminum consumption from electrode was 0.7 g/L following EC as compared to 3.8 g/L alum used in coagulation. The amount of sludge produced was found to be higher with EC as compared to coagulation which could be due to the fact that the electrochemical method was performed for a longer duration than conventional coagulation. For minimal sludge generation, EC reaction time should be ∼30 min. Further studies with EC process on costing and sludge generation will help to advance the technology for wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Dragon Fruit Foliage Plant-Based Coagulant for Treatment of Concentrated Latex Effluent: Comparison of Treatment with Ferric Sulfate

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juferi Idris ◽  
Ayub Md Som ◽  
Mohibah Musa ◽  
Ku Halim Ku Hamid ◽  
Rafidah Husen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ferric Sulfate ◽  
South American ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Foliage Plant

The effectiveness of dragon fruit foliage as a natural coagulant for treatment of concentrated latex effluent was investigated and compared with ferric sulfate, a chemical coagulant. Dragon fruit is a round and often red-colored fruit with scales-like texture and is native to south American countries which is also cultivated and heavily marketed in southeast Asian countries. Its foliage represents a part of its overall plant system. Latex effluent is one of the main byproduct from rubber processing factories in Malaysia. Three main parameters investigated were chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), and turbidity of effluent. Coagulation experiments using jar test were performed with a flocculation system where the effects of latex effluent pH as well as coagulation dosage on coagulation effectiveness were examined. The highest recorded COD, SS, and turbidity removal percentages for foliage were observed for effluent pH 10 at 94.7, 88.9, and 99.7%, respectively. It is concluded that the foliage showed tremendous potential as a natural coagulant for water treatment purposes. The foliage could be used in the pretreatment stage of Malaysian latex effluent prior to secondary treatment.

Optimum of Treatment Condition for Artocarpus heterophyllus Seeds Starch as Natural Coagulant Aid in Landfill Leachate Treatment by RSM

2015 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 484-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Suffian Yusoff ◽  
Noor Aina Mohamad Zuki
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Land Surface Water ◽  
Percentage Yield

Landfill still remains the most commonly employed treatment for municipal solid waste disposal around the world, which generates a high-strength wastewater with complex constituents referred to as landfill leachate. As consequences, if not properly treated and safely disposed, leachate can migrate into soil and subsoils which might cause severe damage to eco-system of land, surface water and groundwater. Aim of this paper is to establish the optimum parameters of starch-based coagulant as an alternative coagulant to remove suspended solid (SS), colour, turbidity, carbon oxygen demand (COD), and ammoniacal-nitrogen in leachate treatment by using RSM method. Leachate was collected from Matang Landfill Site, Perak, Malaysia. In this paper, the efficiency of Jackfruit seeds starch (JSS) act as a coagulant aid is established by using Kategunya method with percentage yield of 33.67%. The starch obtained is then used together with polyaluminium chloride (PAC) in leachate sample. The removal efficiency was determined by a series of experiments using jar test. By using three independent variables including pH, dosage of PAC and dosage of JSS for Central Composite Design (CCD) of RSM, optimum removal of response parameters is carried out. As a result, optimum removal of COD at pH 5, 523.32 mg/L of PAC, 400 mg/L of JSS gives Prob.>F significantly with only 4.32% error. The results showed that, addition of JSS as coagulant aid also helps to reduce the dosage of PAC as well as JSS in leachate. As a conclusion, JSS can be used as a coagulant aid to PAC.

Program on Treatment of the Landfill Leachate by Onland Planting Reed (Phragmites)

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 2852-2855
Author(s):  
Kun Shi ◽  
Ming Zou
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Loading ◽  
Waste Landfill

The microcosm tests were done to estimated the HRT (Hydraulic Retention Time) and removal efficiency of reflowing treatment of the landfill leachate collected from Dalian Maoyingzi Municipal Solid Waste Landfill, which contained high levels of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand, 38400 mg/L) and SS (Suspended Solids, 650 mg/L) by the reed constructed wetland located in the south area of Dalian Jiaotong University. The results showed that: (1) The HRT in nature soil cuboids were significant shorter than those in sieved soil cuboids (P<0.01); (2) The removal efficiency among the output water with the trend as follows: Preferential flow (53.9%)<Percolating water (59.2%)<Reflowing water (63.3%); (3) The COD and SS were decreased from 38400 and 650 mg/L to 14080 and 213 mg/L by the way of reflowing with the HSL (Hydraulic Surface Loading) of 0.16 m3/(m2·d) by reflowing (Removal efficiency: COD: 63.3%; SS: 67.3%).

scholarly journals Tannin and chemical-based agents for coagulation and flocculation of landfill leachate

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Roselene Maria Schneider ◽  
Adriana Garcia do Amaral ◽  
Milene Carvalho Bongiovani ◽  
Ednaldo Antonio de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Coagulant Dosage

Effluents generated in landfills are difficult to treat and require different forms of treatment to reach the necessary polishing for disposal. Leachate is usually treated in stabilization ponds where pollutants are significantly removed, but it might not be enough for disposal. Thus, we aimed at evaluating the applicability of the natural coagulant Tanfloc SG and the chemical coagulant PAC, with the addition of the anionic flocculation auxiliary polymer (PA), in the coagulation / flocculation processes as a post-treatment of landfill effluents. The tests were carried out by means of a jar test, with coagulant dosage ranging from 0 - 1,250 mg.L-1 and pH values ranging from 5 - 9, in three decantation times. The results showed that both Tanfloc SG and PAC are efficient in clarifying the effluents, even though they act well in different dosage values of coagulants and pH. The polymer dosage did not generate significant improvements in the variations of the variables studied, however, in some experiments it was shown to expand removal range in regards to some variables. The PAC coagulant showed to be efficient in the removal of suspended solids, dissolved materials, colloidals and humic substances, and Tanfloc SG acted mainly in the removal of solids. 

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of landfill leachate using Ipomoea aquatica and Pistia stratiotes

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3(SI)) ◽  
pp. 775-781
Author(s):  
M.M. Hanafiah ◽  
◽  
N.I.H.A. Aziz ◽  
A.A. Halim ◽  
L.S. Shamdin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Ipomoea Aquatica ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: In this study, Ipomoea aquatica and Pistia stratiotes were used to remove total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) from the landfill leachate collected at Ampar Tenang Closed Landfill (ATCL) site in Dengkil, Selangor, Malaysia. Methodology: The physico-chemical characteristics of landfill leachate (pH, temperature, NH3-N, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, salinity, electrical conductivity and nitrite as well as selected heavy metals were determined before phytoremediation treatment. Results: The physico-chemical properties of leachate samples were found to be lower as compared to the standards set by the government, except for COD (>100 mg l-1). Heavy metals content, Na, Mg and Fe was high in leachate. It was found that the concentrations of NH3-N, COD and TSS in leachate decreased by 57.64%, 26.85% and 62.05% after treatment with Ipomea aquatica, respectively. Whereas, 61%, 32% and 74.7% removal rate was observed for NH3-N, COD and TSS, post-treatment by Pistia stratiotes. One-way ANOVA analysis for Ipomoea aquatica revealed insignificant difference (p>0.05) but for Pistia stratiotes there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the reduction of TSS, COD and NH3-N concentrations. Interpretation: Based on the findings, Pistia stratiotes was found more effective than Ipomea aquatica for reducing TSS, COD and NH3-N concentrations from landfill leachate.

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