scholarly journals Assessment and Visualization of OSM Consistency for European Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Dimitra Zacharopoulou ◽  
Andriani Skopeliti ◽  
Byron Nakos
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Thematic Layers ◽  
Logical Consistency ◽  
Web Mapping ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Topological Relationships ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Derived Data

Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) is a widely used data source in various fields and services, such as environmental monitoring, disaster and crisis management, SDI, and mapping. Quality is a critical factor for the usability of VGI. This study focuses on evaluating logical consistency based on the topological relationships between geographic features while considering semantics. It addresses internal (i.e., between thematic layers) and external (i.e., between specific features from different thematic layers) logical consistency. Attribute completeness is computed to support the use of semantics. A tool for assessing the consistency and attribute completeness is designed and implemented in the ArcGIS environment. An open-source web mapping application informs users about VGI consistency with multiscale visualization and indices. Data from OpenStreetMap (OSM), one of the most popular collaborative projects, are evaluated for six European cities: Athens, Berlin, Paris, Utrecht, Vienna, and Zurich. The case study uses OSM-derived data, downloaded from Geofabrik and organized into thematic layers. OSM’s consistency is evaluated and visualized at the regional, city, and feature levels. The results are discussed and conclusions on attribute completeness and consistency are derived.

The Translation Problem Types in Translating Indonesia Text to English (A Case Study of Translation Subject of Fifth Semester English Students –UPY)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujatmiko Sujatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
English Department ◽  
Problem Types ◽  
Translation Technique ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Word Translation ◽  
Translation Accuracy ◽  
English Students ◽  
Successful Transfer

This research is entitled “The Translation Problem Types in Translating Indonesia textinto English (A Case Study of Translation Subject of Fifth Semester English Department –UPY) . It is about how Indonesia text is translated into English by English students, toidentify the translation problems, and to identify the problematics of translation technique.This research uses qualitative method to analyze the data. Techniques of analyzing datain this research consist of 3 components, they are (1) reducing the data, (2) explaining thedata, and (3) taking a conclusion. Reducing data is a process of selecting, focusing,simplifying and abstracting the data. Explaining the data is a process of organizinginformation and arranging the complete narration. Taking a conclusion is a process ofdrawing conclusion from the data. The data source of this research are Indonesia text andstudent’s translation.After conducting the research, the research find the data that all respondents havesimilar translation problem types in translating Indonesia text into English. The problems arediction, tenses, no equivalence translation; others have problems of adverb, article, andrelative clause. None of respondents apply other translation technique. They only apply wordper word translation technique. The accuracy of transfer level is adequate level. Only onerespondent have almost completely successful transfer level. Other respondents haveadequate accuracy transfer level. By applying the untrue translation technique has an impactto translation accuracy transfer level.This research is expected to open wide opportunities and challenges to academicians,especially those in translation linguistics sphere to deepen their research and study, especiallyin translating Indonesia text to English in order to be a new contribution to the translationfields.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Performance of Three Popular Web Mapping Libraries: A Case Study Using Argentina’s Life Quality Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Alejandro Zunino ◽  
Guillermo Velázquez ◽  
Juan Pablo Celemín ◽  
Cristian Mateos ◽  
Matías Hirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Quality ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Web Mapping ◽  
Network Bandwidth ◽  
Web Map ◽  
Raster Maps ◽  
Dynamic Web ◽  
Network Usage ◽  
Overall Performance

Recent Web technologies such as HTML5, JavaScript, and WebGL have enabled powerful and highly dynamic Web mapping applications executing on standard Web browsers. Despite the complexity for developing such applications has been greatly reduced by Web mapping libraries, developers face many choices to achieve optimal performance and network usage. This scenario is even more complex when considering different representations of geographical data (raster, raw data or vector) and variety of devices (tablets, smartphones, and personal computers). This paper compares the performance and network usage of three popular JavaScript Web mapping libraries for implementing a Web map using different representations for geodata, and executing on different devices. In the experiments, Mapbox GL JS achieved the best overall performance on mid and high end devices for displaying raster or vector maps, while OpenLayers was the best for raster maps on all devices. Vector-based maps are a safe bet for new Web maps, since performance is on par with raster maps on mid-end smartphones, with significant less network bandwidth requirements.

scholarly journals A Case Study of a Large Unstable Mass Stabilization: “El Portalet” Pass at the Central Spanish Pyrenees

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7176
Author(s):  
Guillermo Cobos ◽  
Miguel Ángel Eguibar ◽  
Francisco Javier Torrijo ◽  
Julio Garzón-Roca
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Slope Stabilization ◽  
Survey Techniques ◽  
Geotechnical Investigations ◽  
Spanish Pyrenees ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Unstable Slope ◽  
Total Stability

This case study presents the engineering approach conducted for stabilizing a landslide that occurred at “El Portalet” Pass in the Central Spanish Pyrenees activated due to the construction of a parking lot. Unlike common slope stabilization cases, measures projected here were aimed at slowing and controlling the landslide, and not completely stopping the movement. This decision was taken due to the slow movement of the landslide and the large unstable mass involved. The degree of success of the stabilization measures was assessed by stability analyses and data obtained from different geotechnical investigations and satellite survey techniques such as GB-SAR and DinSAR conducted by different authors in the area under study. The water table was found to be a critical factor in the landslide’s stability, and the tendency of the unstable slope for null movement (total stability) was related to the water table lowering process, which needs more than 10 years to occur due to regional and climatic issues. Results showed a good performance of the stabilization measures to control the landslide, demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach followed, and which became an example of a good response to the classical engineering duality cost–safety.

scholarly journals Animal, Body, Data: Starling Murmurations and the Dynamic of Becoming In-formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357034X2199284
Author(s):  
Mickey Vallee
Keyword(s):  
Data Modelling ◽  
Animal Body ◽  
Topological Relationships ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Animal Data ◽  
Natural Scientists ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Affective Relations

The aim of this article is to demonstrate that data modelling is becoming a crucial, if not dominant, vector for our understanding of animal populations and is consequential for how we study the affective relations between individual bodies and the communities to which they belong. It takes up the relationship between animal, body and data, following the datafication of starling murmurations, to explore the topological relationships between nature, culture and science. The case study thus embodies a data journey, invoking the tactics claimed by social or natural scientists, who generated recent discoveries in starling murmurations, including their topological expansions and contractions. The article concludes with thoughts and suggestions for further research on animal/data entanglement, and threads the concept of databodiment throughout, as a necessary dynamic for the formation and maintenance of communities.

scholarly journals The reasons women choose and stay in a geology major: a qualitative multi-case analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron E. Gray ◽  
Alexis T. Riche ◽  
Isabel J. Shinnick-Gordon ◽  
James C. Sample
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Introductory Classes ◽  
Iterative Coding ◽  
As Relationship

AbstractDespite earning half of all science and engineering undergraduate degrees between 2007 and 2016 in the USA, women were awarded only 39% of earth science degrees in the same time period. In order to better understand why women are both choosing and staying in geology programs, we conducted a multi-case study of nine current female undergraduate geology majors at a large public university in the USA within a department that is at gender parity among its undergraduate majors. The main data source was audio-recorded critical incident interviews of each participant. Data from the interviews were analyzed through an iterative coding process using codes adapted from previous studies that focused on factors both internal and external to the department. The students said that personal interests, influence by others outside of the department, and introductory classes attracted them to the geology program, but once declared, departmental factors such as relationship with faculty caused them to stay. We also found an emphasis on female role models, especially those teaching introductory courses. We believe this study offers important insights into the ways in which factors leading to recruitment and retention play out in the lived experiences of female geology majors.

scholarly journals Using Internet Search Queries to Assess Public Awareness of the Healthy Cities Approach: A Case Study in Shenzhen, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4264
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Yutong Zhang ◽  
Yixiong Xiao ◽  
Shaoqing Shen ◽  
Mo Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Healthy Cities ◽  
Internet Search ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Search Queries ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Factors ◽  
Data Source ◽  
The City

Cities around the globe are embracing the Healthy Cities approach to address urban health challenges. Public awareness is vital for successfully deploying this approach but is rarely assessed. In this study, we used internet search queries to evaluate the public awareness of the Healthy Cities approach applied in Shenzhen, China. The overall situation at the city level and the intercity variations were both analyzed. Additionally, we explored the factors that might affect the internet search queries of the Healthy Cities approach. Our results showed that the public awareness of the approach in Shenzhen was low. There was a high intercity heterogeneity in terms of interest in the various components of the Healthy Cities approach. However, we did not find a significant effect of the selected demographic, environmental, and health factors on the search queries. Based on our findings, we recommend that the city raise public awareness of healthy cities and take actions tailored to health concerns in different city zones. Our study showed that internet search queries can be a valuable data source for assessing the public awareness of the Healthy Cities approach.

From Community to Public Familiarity: Neighborhood, Sociability, and Belonging in the Neoliberal City

2021 ◽  
pp. 107808742110215
Author(s):  
Felipe Link ◽  
Andrés Señoret ◽  
Felipe Valenzuela
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Pedestrian Space

Current urban neoliberalism processes have shaped and changed contemporary cities, including the local scale’s built environment and social relations. This article aims to study how such transformations affect local sociability by analyzing the effects of neighborhoods’ morphology and socio-demographic characteristics on different forms of interactions and how they affect the sense of belonging. Taking the Metropolitan Area of Santiago, Chile, as a case study, we gathered secondary data on urban morphology and surveyed ten neighborhoods to measure sociability patterns. The results obtained from multilevel logistic regression models show that time living in the neighborhood and public pedestrian space is the most critical factor affecting neighborhood sociability. Moreover, instead of local ties, public familiarity is the form of sociability with the most substantial effects on a sense of belonging. We conclude that recent neighborhoods, formed by neoliberal urbanization, tend to discourage neighborhood sociability and a sense of belonging.

scholarly journals Integrating Global Satellite-Derived Data Products as a Pre-Analysis for Hydrological Modelling Studies: A Case Study for the Red River Basin

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gijs Simons ◽  
Wim Bastiaanssen ◽  
Le Ngô ◽  
Christopher Hain ◽  
Martha Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Red River ◽  
Red River Basin ◽  
Data Products ◽  
Modelling Studies ◽  
Derived Data

Analyzing Travel Time Reliability from Sparse Probe Vehicle Data: A Case Study on the Effects of Spatial and Temporal Aggregation

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110315
Author(s):  
Markus Steinmaßl ◽  
Stefan Kranzinger ◽  
Karl Rehrl
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Temporal Aggregation ◽  
Travel Time Reliability ◽  
Probe Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Data ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Travel Time Index

Travel time reliability (TTR) indices have gained considerable attention for evaluating the quality of traffic infrastructure. Whereas TTR measures have been widely explored using data from stationary sensors with high penetration rates, there is a lack of research on calculating TTR from mobile sensors such as probe vehicle data (PVD) which is characterized by low penetration rates. PVD is a relevant data source for analyzing non-highway routes, as they are often not sufficiently covered by stationary sensors. The paper presents a methodology for analyzing TTR on (sub-)urban and rural routes with sparse PVD as the only data source that could be used by road authorities or traffic planners. Especially in the case of sparse data, spatial and temporal aggregations could have great impact, which are investigated on two levels: first, the width of time of day (TOD) intervals and second, the length of road segments. The spatial and temporal aggregation effects on travel time index (TTI) as prominent TTR measure are analyzed within an exemplary case study including three different routes. TTI patterns are calculated from data of one year grouped by different days-of-week (DOW) groups and the TOD. The case study shows that using well-chosen temporal and spatial aggregations, even with sparse PVD, an in-depth analysis of traffic patterns is possible.

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