scholarly journals Modeling Patterns in Map Use Contexts and Mobile Map Design Usability

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Mona Bartling ◽  
Clemens R. Havas ◽  
Stefan Wegenkittl ◽  
Tumasch Reichenbacher ◽  
Bernd Resch
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Archetypal Analysis ◽  
Map Reading ◽  
Map Design ◽  
Use Context ◽  
Context Data ◽  
Reading Activities

Mobile map applications are increasingly used in various aspects of our lives, leading to an increase in different map use situations and, therefore, map use contexts. Several empirical usability studies have identified how map design is associated with and impacted by selected map use context attributes. This research seeks to expand on these studies and analyzes combinations of map use contexts to identify relevant contextual factors that influence mobile map design usability. In a study with 50 participants from Colombia, we assessed in an online survey the usability of 27 map design variations (consisting of three map-reading tasks, three base map styles, and three interactivity variants). We found that the overall map design is critical in supporting map-reading activities (e.g., identifying a location on a map was supported by a simplified base map, whereas selecting points on the map was supported by a more detailed base map). We then evaluated user patterns in the collected data with archetypal analysis. It was possible to create archetypal representations of the participants with a corresponding map design profile and establish a workflow for modeling patterns in usability and context data. We recommend that future research continues assessing archetypal analysis as it provides a means for context-based decision-making on map design adaptation and transferability.

scholarly journals Accessible maps for the color vision deficient observers: past and present knowledge and future possibilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kristin Kvitle
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Map Reading ◽  
Visual Variables ◽  
Map Design

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Color is part of the visual variables in map, serving an aesthetic part and as a guide of attention. Impaired color vision affects the ability to distinguish colors, which makes the task of decoding the map colors difficult. Map reading is reported as a challenging task for these observers, especially when the size of stimuli is small. The aim of this study is to review existing methods for map design for color vision deficient users. A systematic review of research literature and case studies of map design for CVD observers has been conducted in order to give an overview of current knowledge and future research challenges. In addition, relevant research on simulations of CVD and color image enhancement for these observers from other fields of industry is included. The study identified two main approaches: pre-processing by using accessible colors and post-processing by using enhancement methods. Some of the methods may be applied for maps, but requires tailoring of test images according to map types.</p>

Does participation in case competitions improve career decision-making self-efficacy of university students?

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-675
Author(s):  
Maria S. Plakhotnik ◽  
Anastasiia V. Krylova ◽  
Anna D. Maslikova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Career Decision ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Career Decision Making ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between participation in case competitions and career decision-making self-efficacy (CDMSE) of university students.Design/methodology/approachThe sample included 273 Russian university students; 109 (40%) of them had never participated in case competitions, whereas 164 (60%) participated at least once in case competitions related to business, management and economics. Data were collected via an online survey that included the CDMSE scale–short form. Descriptive, correlation and linear regression analyses of data were conducted to test five hypotheses.FindingsThe research study showed a significant difference in CDMSE between those who had never participated in case competitions and those who had participated at least once. However, the study did not show a significant influence of participation in case competitions on the level of CDMSE. The results also indicated that the level of CDMSE could be explained by the participants' work experience, career choice status and age, as well as the highest level achieved during participation in case competitions.Research limitations/implicationsThe study provides limitations and implications for future research as well as practice, including career centers and career counselors, university faculty, organizers of case competitions and recruitment specialists in organizations.Originality/valuePrior research suggests that participation in case competitions helps students’ transition into the workplace. Despite their global popularity, empirical research on case competitions is very limited and focused primarily on skill development. This study contributes to the knowledge base by exploring links between case participation and CDMSE.

Map Use - Perspectives in Geographic Undergraduate Education

1997 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Derek Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Undergraduate Education ◽  
Reading Strategies ◽  
Spatial Reasoning ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Computer Mapping ◽  
Reasoning Process ◽  
Map Reading ◽  
Map Design

The author introduces junior-level students with no background to various tasks involving maps, computer mapping and GIS as part of a project called Urban World. A concern is how to evaluate the student's learning as well as the products the students produce, whether on paper or electronically. Three challenges are posed to the cartographic community. What can we offer in terms of map reading strategies? Do we have guidelines for good cartographic practice and helpful hints about map design? What research has there been on the complexities of the individualistic analysis and decision-making that are major elements of the spatial reasoning process?

Multi-response roles in emergency response personnel

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Linsdell ◽  
Colin Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Depth Analysis

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the decision-making process of multi-role emergency response volunteers and their preferences for which agency they would choose to volunteer for in an emergency, utilizing the New South Wales Rural Fire Service as an example. Design/methodology/approach – Large-scale online survey data collection method, which enabled in depth analysis of responses. Findings – There are a large number of individuals who hold multiple volunteer roles and their decisions as to which service they would prefer to volunteer for is influenced by many complex factors. Research limitations/implications – Research in this topic is rare and future research should be undertaken on a wider scale involving both quantitative and qualitative methods. Practical implications – Findings will help policy makers and those responsible for providing emergency services with an understanding of the decision-making process of volunteers. Social implications – The results may help to promote understanding of a volunteers social preferences when engaged in work for emergency services. Originality/value – This is an area that has had little research undertaken in and is therefore quite an original piece of work that will have resonance for emergency services across the globe.

scholarly journals Qualitative analysis of first-person accounts of noetic experiences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helané Wahbeh ◽  
Nina Fry ◽  
Paolo Speirn ◽  
Lutvija Hrnjic ◽  
Emma Ancel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inner Voice ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Types Of Information

Abstract The term “noetic” comes from the Greek word noēsis/noētikos that means inner wisdom, direct knowing, intuition, or implicit understanding. Strong cultural taboo exist about sharing these experiences. Thus, many may not feel comfortable transparently discussing or researching these topics, despite growing evidence that these experiences may be real. The study’s objective was to qualitatively evaluate first-hand accounts of noetic experiences. 521 English-speaking adults from around the world completed an online survey collected demographic data and four open-ended questions about noetic experiences. Thematic analysis was used to characterize the data. The ten most used codes were expressing to or sharing with others, impacts decision making, intuition/”just knowing,” meditation/hypnosis, inner visions, setting intentions/getting into the “state,” healing others, writing for self, and inner voice. There were five main themes identified: 1. Ways of Engagement; 2. Ways of Knowing; 3. Types of Information; 4. Ways of Affecting; and 5. Ways of Expressing. Subthemes. Future research will include investigating the nuances of these themes and also establishing standardized methods for evaluating them. This would also then inform curricula and therapies to support people in these experiences.

scholarly journals Linking the Technology Acceptance Model to Smartphone Use and Smartphone Use Disorder: Results from a Survey Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-18
Author(s):  
Cornelia Sindermann ◽  
René Riedl ◽  
Jon D. Elhai ◽  
Christian Montag
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Technology Acceptance Model ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Use Context ◽  
Personal Use ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Acceptance Model

Background: Despite the benefits that may result from smartphone use, evidence increasingly indicates that smartphone use may also have negative consequences when used in a disordered manner. One major concept in this research domain is a putative smartphone use disorder. Objective: It is not known how a positive evaluation or acceptance of the smartphone, indicated for example by Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) variables, is associated with its increasing use and consequently tendencies towards smartphone use disorder. Methods: To close this research gap, an online survey with N=698 smartphone users (n=330 men, n=368 women) was conducted to study potential links. All participants completed a TAM measure, provided information on daily smartphone use for personal and business use, and completed a scale assessing tendencies towards smartphone use disorder. Results: Overall, TAM variables were positively related to smartphone use and tendencies towards smartphone use disorder. Descriptively stronger correlations of TAM with smartphone use were found in the personal use context compared to the business use context. Moreover, significantly stronger correlations of TAM scales with smartphone use disorder tendencies were found compared to the associations between TAM scales and daily smartphone use. Moreover, user gender also played a role in these relationships. Conclusion: Potential explanations for the exploratory findings are discussed and limitations and potential avenues for future research are provided, such as conducting longitudinal studies to causally investigate the associations between TAM and smartphone use (disorder tendencies).

scholarly journals Aging and Decision Making: Socio-Emotional and Contextual Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 557-557
Author(s):  
JoNell Strough ◽  
Corinna Loeckenhoff ◽  
Susan Charles
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Younger Adults

Abstract Maintaining sound decision-making skills in later life is a key concern in the face of population aging. The four presentations in this symposium highlight the importance of considering socio-emotional and contextual factors when investigating adult age differences in decision making. Together, they show that features of decision contexts such as the way information is presented, along with social relationships and emotional responses, have distinct implications for understanding age effects in decision-related processing and outcomes. Drawing from fuzzy trace theory, Nolte, Löckenhoff and Reyna showed that gist-based (“good,” “extremely poor”) versus verbatim information (exact numbers) was differentially appealing to younger and older adults, with older adults seeking more gist information than verbatim information. Young and Mikels investigated older and younger adults’ integral emotional responses to a behavioral risk-taking task. Younger adults experienced more anger and less contentment than older adults. These emotions differentially predicted risk taking in the two groups. Seaman, Christensen, Senn, Cooper, and Cassidy found age differences in learning about the trustworthiness of social partners. Older adults showed less learning relative to younger adults and invested less with trustworthy partners and more with untrustworthy partners. Smith, Strough, Parker and Bruine de Bruin found that older age, perceiving better decision-making ability than age peers, and perceiving declines in ability over time, were associated with lesser preferences for making decisions with others. In her discussion, Charles will integrate these findings with existing research on aging and decision making and offers directions for future research.

scholarly journals Use of Evidence-Informed Deliberative Processes by Health Technology Assessment Agencies Around the Globe

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wija Oortwijn ◽  
Maarten Jansen ◽  
Rob Baltussen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Appraisal Committee ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Deliberative Processes

Background: Evidence-informed deliberative processes (EDPs) were recently introduced to guide health technology assessment (HTA) agencies to improve their processes towards more legitimate decision-making. The EDP framework provides guidance that covers the HTA process, ie, contextual factors, installation of an appraisal committee, selecting health technologies and criteria, assessment, appraisal, and communication and appeal. The aims of this study were to identify the level of use of EDPs by HTA agencies, identify their needs for guidance, and to learn about best practices. Methods: A questionnaire for an online survey was developed based on the EDP framework, consisting of elements that reflect each part of the framework. The survey was sent to members of the International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment (INAHTA). Two weeks following the invitation, a reminder was sent. The data collection took place between September-December 2018. Results: Contact persons from 27 member agencies filled out the survey (response rate: 54%), of which 25 completed all questions. We found that contextual factors to support HTA development and the critical elements regarding conducting and reporting on HTA are overall in place. Respondents indicated that guidance was needed for specific elements related to selecting technologies and criteria, appraisal, and communication and appeal. With regard to best practices, the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE, UK) were most often mentioned. Conclusion: This is the first survey among HTA agencies regarding the use of EDPs and provides useful information for further developing a practical guide for HTA agencies around the globe. The results could support HTA agencies in improving their processes towards more legitimate decision-making, as they could serve as a baseline measurement for future monitoring and evaluation.

CONFIDENCE AS A MODULATOR IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC BEHAVIORS AND PERSPECTIVES?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afton Nelson ◽  
Kristijan Civljak ◽  
Heather Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Response Frequency ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
The Media

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals have been divided about the best course of action. The media has continued to highlight aspects of the uncertainty and discontent of individuals around the globe. Although fundamental, general confidence in oneself and in others may largely contribute to such behaviors and perspectives. The present study investigated an array of variables pertaining to pandemic-specific confidence, decision-making, and subjective perspectives. This article addresses the findings concerning confidence in the pandemic within and across cultures. 622 complete questionnaires were collected through an online survey, of which 561 were divided into three cultural groups (United States, Other Western countries, Non-Western countries) and analyzed across confidence contexts. Cultural groups were based on geography, response frequency, and general cultural tendencies. The findings indicate greater confidence in self-relevant contexts, such as own actions and decision-making, compared to other-relevant contexts, in others’ actions and decision-making. Confidence further differentiated across cultural groups, demonstrating minute but notable differences in reported confidence across contexts. These findings provide preliminary evidence that confidence is an underlying modulator in pandemic behaviors and decision-making. Such findings also suggest potential differences across cultures, which should be further expounded on in future research.

scholarly journals Jumping to Conclusions Is Associated with Paranoia but Not General Suspiciousness: A Comparison of Two Versions of the Probabilistic Reasoning Paradigm

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Moritz ◽  
Niels Van Quaquebeke ◽  
Tania M. Lincoln
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Probabilistic Reasoning ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Decision Threshold ◽  
Reasoning Task ◽  
Jumping To Conclusions ◽  
Probability Estimates

Theoretical models ascribe jumping to conclusions (JTCs) a prominent role in the pathogenesis of paranoia. While many earlier studies corroborated this account, some newer investigations have found no or only small associations of the JTC bias with paranoid symptoms. The present study examined whether these inconsistencies in part reflect methodological differences across studies. The study was built upon the psychometric high-risk paradigm. A total of 1899 subjects from the general population took part in an online survey and were administered the Paranoia Checklist as well as one of two different variants of the probabilistic reasoning task: one variant with a traditional instruction (a) and one novel variant that combines probability estimates with decision judgments (b). Factor analysis of the Paranoia Checklist yielded an unspecific suspiciousness factor and a psychotic paranoia factor. The latter was significantly associated with scores indicating hasty decision making. Subjects scoring two standard deviations above the mean of the Paranoia Checklist showed an abnormal data-gathering style relative to subjects with normal scores. Findings suggest that the so-called decision threshold parameter is more sensitive than the conventional JTC index. For future research the specific contents of paranoid beliefs deserve more consideration in the investigation of decision making in schizophrenia as JTC seems to be associated with core psychosis-prone features of paranoia only.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document