scholarly journals An All-in-One Application for Temporal Coordinate Transformation in Geodesy and Geoinformatics

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Antonio Banko ◽  
Tedi Banković ◽  
Marko Pavasović ◽  
Almin Đapo
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Coordinate Transformation ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Tectonic Plate ◽  
Kinematic Models ◽  
Terrestrial Reference System

Over the years, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have been established in the geosciences as a tool that determines the positions of discrete points (stations) on the Earth’s surface, on global to local spatial scales in a very simple and economical manner. Coordinates obtained by space geodetic measurements ought to be processed, adjusted, and propagated in a given reference frame. As points on the Earth’s surface do not have a fixed position, but rather, are moving with associated velocities, it is inevitable to include those velocities in the coordinate transformation procedure. Station velocities can be obtained from kinematic models of tectonic plate motions. The development and realization of an all-in-one standalone desktop application is presented in this paper. The application unifies coordinate transformation between different realizations (reference frames) of the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) and European Terrestrial Reference System 1989 (ETRS89) following European Reference Frame Technical Note (EUREF TN) recommendations with temporal shifts of discrete points on the Earth’s surface caused by plate tectonics by integrating no-net rotation (NNR) kinematic models of the Eurasian tectonic plate.

scholarly journals Nutation and reference frame

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 228-231
Author(s):  
N. Capitaine
Keyword(s):  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Euler Equations ◽  
Coordinate Transformation ◽  
Earth Rotation ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Terrestrial Reference System ◽  
Celestial Reference System

The reference frames are of fundamental importance in all kinds of the precession and nutation studies involving the theory, the coordinate transformation and the observations. The aim of this paper is to review all the frames used in such studies and to lead to a better consistency between them in order that theory and reductions of observations be referred, as close as possible, to the frames to which observables are actually sensitive.The equations of Earth rotation can be expressed either as Euler equations in the Terrestrial Reference System (TRS), or as perturbation theory in the Celestial Reference System (CRS) (Kinoshita 1977). Euler equations are transformed to the CRS in the astronomical approach (Woolard 1953) and solved by the method of variation of the parameters, whereas, in the geophysical approach (Melchior 1971), the solutions, first obtained in the TRS, are transformed to the CRS and then solved by an integration with respect to time.

scholarly journals An Alternative Theory on the Spacetime of Non-inertial Reference Frame

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Gordon Liu
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Coordinate Transformation ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Inertial Force ◽  
Christoffel Symbol ◽  
Alternative Theory ◽  
Inertial Reference Frame ◽  
Riemann Curvature ◽  
Riemann Curvature Tensor ◽  
Accelerating Motion

In present paper, we have proposed an alternative theory on the spacetime of non-inertial reference frame (NRF) which bases on the requirement of general completeness (RGC) and the principle of equality of all reference frames (PERF). The RGC is that the physical equations used to describe the dynamics of matter and/or fields should include the descriptions that not only the matter and/or fields are at rest, but also they move relative to this reference frame, and the structure of the spacetime of reference frame has been considered. The PERF is that any reference frame can be used to describe the motion of matter and/or fields. The spacetime of NRF is inhomogeneous and deformed caused by the accelerating motion of the reference frame. The inertial force is the manifestation of deformed spacetime. The Riemann curvature tensor of the spacetime of NRF equals zero, but the Riemann-Christoffel symbol never vanishs no matter what coordinate system is selected in the NRF. The physical equations satisfied the RGC remain covariance under the coordinate transformation between the reference frames. Mach’s principle is incorrect. The problem of spacetime of NRF can be solved without considering gravitation.

Deformation detection through the realization of reference frames

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Nestoras Papadopoulos ◽  
Melissinos Paraskevas ◽  
Ioannis Katsafados ◽  
Georgios Nikolaidis ◽  
Euagelos Anagnostou
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Geodetic Reference System ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
International Gnss Service ◽  
Tectonically Active ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

AbstractHellenic Military Geographical Service (HMGS) has established and measured various networks in Greece which constitute the geodetic infrastructure of the country. One of them is the triangulation network consisting of about 26.000 pillars all over Greece. Classical geodetic measurements that held by the Hellenic Military Geographic Service (HMGS) through the years have been used after adjustment for the state reference frame which materializes the current Hellenic Geodetic Reference System of 1987 (HGRS87). The aforementioned Reference System (RS) is a static one and is in use since 1990. Through the years especially in the era of satellite navigation systems many Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) networks have been established. The latest such network materialized by HMGS is ongoing and covers until now more than the 2/3 of the country. It is referenced by International GNSS Service (IGS) permanent stations and consists a local densification IGS08 Reference Frame. Firstly, this gives the opportunity to calculate transformation parameters between the two systems and a statistical analysis of the residuals leads to intermediate conclusions. After that and in conjunction with existing past transformations, tectonic deformations and their directions are concluded. Moreover past GPS observations on the same pillars in compare to the newer ones give also a sense of tectonic displacements. Greece is one of the most tectonically active countries in Europe and the adoption of a modern kinematic or semi-kinematic geodetic datum is a necessity as it should incorporate a deformation model like 3d velocities on the reference frame realization. The detection of geodynamic changes is a continuous need and should be taken into consideration at each epoch.

scholarly journals Sistemas Geodésicos de Referência: Rumo ao GGRS/GGRF

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 962-982
Author(s):  
Regiane Dalazoana ◽  
Sílvio Rogério Correia De Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Terrestrial Reference Frame ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
Geodetic Reference System ◽  
International Terrestrial Reference Frame ◽  
Observation Systems ◽  
International Terrestrial Reference System ◽  
Terrestrial Reference System ◽  
Geodetic Reference Frame

O estabelecimento de Sistemas Geodésicos de Referência globais integrando características geométricas e físicas é um dos desafios atuais da Geodésia, principalmente devido às demandas de diversas áreas do conhecimento de que as informações relacionadas aos Sistemas de Observação da Terra (EOS – Earth Observation Systems), sejam integradas em Redes Geodésicas de Referência (RGRs) com uma acurácia de 10-9 ou melhor. O surgimento das técnicas de posicionamento espacial trouxe melhora significativa na qualidade posicional e possibilitou a substituição das RGRs clássicas por redes modernas com características globais. Hoje, a questão das coordenadas de caráter geométrico, está bem resolvida com o ITRS/ITRF (International Terrestrial Reference System/International Terrestrial Reference Frame). Todavia, aspectos associados a diversos processos físicos, tais como os reflexos das redistribuições de massa, não são atendidos por referenciais puramente geométricos. A aprovação da resolução para o GGRS/GGRF (Global Geodetic Reference System/Global Geodetic Reference Frame) surge com a visão da integração entre o referencial terrestre, o celeste, um referencial com características físicas para as altitudes e a nova rede global de gravidade absoluta. Esforços têm sido feitos para definição e realização deste referencial global para as altitudes. É uma tarefa complexa em vista das características clássicas dos referenciais verticais, heterogeneidade em termos de qualidade e distribuição espacial de dados necessários, principalmente os relacionados ao campo de gravidade da Terra. Apresentam-se como grandes desafios para o futuro a necessidade de estabelecimento de procedimentos padrão para a integração ao referencial altimétrico global e a precisão necessária para o estabelecimento dos EOS.

scholarly journals Departure Point, Earth's Rate of Rotation and Coordinate Transformation in Quasi-Inertial Geocentric Equatorial Coordinate System (QIGECS)

1993 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 363-369
Author(s):  
H.J. Yan ◽  
E. Groten
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate Transformation ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Maximum Amplitude ◽  
Additional Term ◽  
Departure Point ◽  
Similar Term ◽  
Terrestrial Reference System ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Right Ascension

The paper summarizes the discussion on the origin of right-ascension and puts forward new arguments in view of high-precision Geodesy and Astrometry. From the movement of the Celestial Departure Point, the classical right-ascension precession might be amended by an additional term −0s.000257/century originating from the nutation-precession interaction movement. A similar term might also be introduced in the maintenance of a terrestrial reference system, while the concept of a Terrestrial Departure Point is considered. The definition of the Earth's rate of rotation in an inertial or quasi-inertial system is reviewed. A periodic erroneous term of maximum amplitude 2.65mas is pointed out in the conventional transfer relation between CRS and TRS, that can for its main part be compensated by introducing the periodic terms of Woolard's equation of the equinox.

scholarly journals Using the Hubble Space Telescope to Relate the HIPPARCOS and Extragalactic Reference Frames

1988 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 335-336
Author(s):  
P. D. Hemenway ◽  
R. L. Duncombe
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Solid Body ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Inertial Reference Frame ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Space Telescope ◽  
Solid Body Rotation ◽  
Instrumental System

The HIPPARCOS satellite will produce positions, motions and parallaxes of celestial objects with previously unattained accuracy. This HIPPARCOS Instrumental System, however, will have an unknown solid body rotation with respect to an inertial reference frame. One aspect of our program of astrometric observations with the Hubble Space Telescope is to determine the rotation of the HIPPARCOS reference frame with respect to an extragalactic reference system.

The U.S. is replacing NAD83 with NATRF2022: what this means for Canada

GEOMATICA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Caroline Erickson ◽  
Geoff Banham ◽  
Ron Berg ◽  
Joey Chessie ◽  
Michael Craymer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
North American ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Terrestrial Reference Frame ◽  
The U.S

In 2022, the U.S., as part of its reference system modernization, will replace its North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) with a new North American Terrestrial Reference Frame (NATRF2022), creating 1.3 to 1.5 m horizontal coordinate differences at the Canada–U.S. border with respect to Canada’s NAD83(CSRS). Never before have such significant differences existed between our two countries’ reference frames. This paper reviews why the U.S. is making this change and then looks at Canada’s situation with respect to reference frames. There are compelling reasons for Canada to follow suit and move to NATRF2022 within a decade, but there are also major challenges. Whether or not Canada follows the same path, there is much work to be done to prepare Canada for the U.S.’ move to NATRF2022. This paper is intended as a first step to inform the Canadian geospatial community of the U.S.’ move to NATRF2022 and what it means for Canada.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF BURSA-WOLF MODEL FOR DEFORMING REGION: CASE STUDY IN MALAYSIA

2022 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W3-2021 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
N. Azahar ◽  
W. A. Wan Aris ◽  
T. A. Musa ◽  
A. H. Omar ◽  
I. A. Musliman
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Coordinate Transformation ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
External Assessment ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Transformation Approach

Abstract. Bursa-Wolf model is a common mathematical approach for coordinate transformation practice between two reference frames. For the case of deforming region, the existing reference frame has been experiencing a non-linear shifting over the time due to co-seismic and post seismic occurrences. Imprecise coordinate in the reference frame definition could degrading critical positioning, surveying, and navigation activities. This require a new realization of reference frame and the coordinate transformation linkage is suggested to be developed in relating the new and existing reference frame. This study provides performance of Bursa-Wolf model as coordinate transformation approach for a deforming region that is experiencing non-linear shifting due to the co-seismic and post-seismic events. The Bursa-Wolf were generated from 32 dependent Global Positioning System (GPS) Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) in Malaysia meanwhile another 20 independent neighbouring stations were utilized for assessment purposes. Seven parameters (7p) of Bursa-Wolf were estimated with RMS at ±4.5mm, ±9.2mm and ±2.1mm respectively. The independent stations were classified as internal and external assessment station and the root mean square (RMS) were found at less than 10mm. The internal station has depicted a better RMS in each component which are ±5.1mm, ±6.5mm and ±1.5mm respectively. Meanwhile for external stations RMS in each component are ±6.1mm, ±8.7mm and ±3.5mm respectively. The result shows that Bursa-Wolf model is sufficient to be used as coordinate transformation approach for deforming region.

scholarly journals Ideal Reference Frames, Concepts and Interrelationships

1980 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
George Veis
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Reference Systems ◽  
Simple Theories ◽  
Complete Theories ◽  
Representative Points ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractMany problems of geodynamics depend on spatial relationship of points and their temporal variations. To solve these problems it is convenient, but not necessary, to use a reference frame. To use a reference frame, a scheme is needed by which the coordinates of any point expressed in this frame could be obtained. Coordinates are hardly ever measured directly. Instead, they are computed from measurements of other quantities within the framework of a theory that relates the measured quantities with the coordinates. Such a scheme will be called a reference system. Reference systems have been realized using simple theories and reducing the measurements with the best available, but not always complete, theories. This geometric (static) method has been used to a great extend to define astronomic reference systems (star catalogues) and geodetic reference systems (geodetic datums), With space techniques, a method can be used based on dynamic principles. A space object moving according to a certain theory (assumed to be known) defines in a time dependent way the representative points. A reference system of this type is the WGS 72.

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