scholarly journals Allelic Variants for Candidate Nitrogen Fixation Genes Revealed by Sequencing in Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 5470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oldřich Trněný ◽  
David Vlk ◽  
Eliška Macková ◽  
Michaela Matoušková ◽  
Jana Řepková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Allelic Variants ◽  
Alternative Phenotypes ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Plant–rhizobia symbiosis can activate key genes involved in regulating nodulation associated with biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Although the general molecular basis of the BNF process is frequently studied, little is known about its intraspecific variability and the characteristics of its allelic variants. This study’s main goals were to describe phenotypic and genotypic variation in the context of nitrogen fixation in red clover (Trifolium pretense L.) and identify variants in BNF candidate genes associated with BNF efficiency. Acetylene reduction assay validation was the criterion for selecting individual plants with particular BNF rates. Sequences in 86 key candidate genes were obtained by hybridization-based sequence capture target enrichment of plants with alternative phenotypes for nitrogen fixation. Two genes associated with BNF were identified: ethylene response factor required for nodule differentiation (EFD) and molybdate transporter 1 (MOT1). In addition, whole-genome population genotyping by double-digest restriction-site-associated sequencing (ddRADseq) was performed, and BNF was evaluated by the natural 15N abundance method. Polymorphisms associated with BNF and reflecting phenotype variability were identified. The genetic structure of plant accessions was not linked to BNF rate of measured plants. Knowledge of the genetic variation within BNF candidate genes and the characteristics of genetic variants will be beneficial in molecular diagnostics and breeding of red clover.

scholarly journals Field-scale spatial variation in yields and nitrogen fixation of clover-grass leys and in soil nutrients

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 376 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. NYKÄNEN ◽  
L. JAUHIAINEN ◽  
LINDSTRÖM KEMPPAINEN
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Clover Content

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) plays a crucial role in organic farming and red clover (Trifolium pratense) is cultivated widely in boreal grasslands for BNF. A geostatistical method, model-based kriging, was used to determine the spatial variation in yield, clover content and BNF of clover-grass leys as well as soil chemical properties throughout two fields in 2004-2006. Based on this variation, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the similar patterns of variation. On one location, total dry matter yields of the leys decreased over three production years from 9 700 to 4 100 kg ha-1, clover content from 53 to 26% and BNF from 150 to 40 kg N ha-1, whereas on the other location the yields increased from 6 500 to 7 100 kg ha-1, clover content from 52 to 62% and BNF from 100 to 120 kg N ha-1. Nutrient concentrations in soil also varied greatly within the fields, although this depended on the nutrient species. Kriging combined with PCA described the spatial variation of ley parameters very informatively, but was not as powerful for describing the pattern of nutrients. Based on the spatial dependence determined in the two fields investigated, it seems that the sampling distance should be 80 m for soil nutrients, 100 m for yield and 60 m for clover content and BNF determination, respectively.;

scholarly journals Biochar application rate affects biological nitrogen fixation in red clover conditional on potassium availability

2014 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mia ◽  
J.W. van Groenigen ◽  
T.F.J. van de Voorde ◽  
N.J. Oram ◽  
T.M. Bezemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

scholarly journals Evaluating the Diversity of Ecotypes of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) from Northwestern Spain by Phenotypic Traits and Microsatellites

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2275
Author(s):  
Cristina Isabel Fernández-Otero ◽  
Ana María Ramos-Cabrer ◽  
Julio Enrique López-Díaz ◽  
Santiago Pereira-Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Grassland Species ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Northwestern Spain

For more than 50 years, the CIAM-AGACAL (Agricultural Research Centre of Mabegondo, Xunta de Galicia, A Coruña, Spain) has been carrying out the important task of conserving the phytogenetic resources of ecotypes and natural populations of grassland species from northwestern Spain. The CIAM-AGACAL’s germplasm bank has 57 populations of red clover (Trifolium pratense Lam.), one of the most cultivated forage legumes in the world. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the diversity among cultivars and natural clover populations at morphological and molecular level. Twelve polymorphic SSR loci revealed 241 microsatellite alleles with an average of 20.08 alleles per locus. Two main groups were detected by the Structure software, one of them including local populations and the second clustering cultivars and related populations. Intra-specific variability was found among cultivars and natural populations. A moderate genetic differentiation of Spanish red clover cultivars was observed (Fst = 0.08) between the two main clusters. Finally, a certain relationship between phenotypic and genotypic variation was detected.

Genotypic variation in biological nitrogen fixation by common bean

1993 ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hardarson ◽  
F. A. Bliss ◽  
M. R. Cigales-Rivero ◽  
R. A. Henson ◽  
J. A. Kipe-Nolt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Effects of Herbicides on Nitrogen Fixation of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and Red Clover (Trifolium pratense)

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Peters ◽  
M. Ben Zbiba
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover

EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate), benefin (N-butyl-N-ethyl-α α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-p-toluidine], butralin[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)2,6-dinitrobenzenamine], diclofopmethyl {methyl 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy]-propanoate} and 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] were evaluated in the greenhouse for effects on growth, nodulation, and NH3 production of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and medium red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Some reduction in nodulation occurred from some rates of the herbicides, but reduction in nodulation was usually associated with reduced plant growth caused by herbicidal injury.

scholarly journals Cost-effective detection of genome-wide signatures for 2,4-D herbicide resistance adaptation in red clover

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Benevenuto ◽  
Mehul Bhakta ◽  
Daniel A. Lohr ◽  
Luís Felipe V. Ferrão ◽  
Marcio F. R. Resende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Significant Snps ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Single Chromosome ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Genome Wide

AbstractHerbicide resistance is a recurrent evolutionary event that has been reported across many species and for all major herbicide modes of action. The synthetic auxinic herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) has been widely used since the 1940s, however the genetic variation underlying naturally evolving resistance remains largely unknown. In this study, we used populations of the forage legume crop red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) that were recurrently selected for 2,4-D resistance to detect genome-wide signatures of adaptation. Four susceptible and six derived resistant populations were sequenced using a less costly approach by combining targeted sequencing (Capture-Seq) with pooled individuals (Pool-Seq). Genomic signatures of selection were identified using: (i) pairwise allele frequency differences; (ii) genome scan for overly differentiated loci; and (iii) genome‐wide association. Fifty significant SNPs were consistently detected, most located in a single chromosome, which can be useful for marker assisted selection. Additionally, we searched for candidate genes at these genomic regions to gain insights into potential molecular mechanisms underlying 2,4-D resistance. Among the predicted functions of candidate genes, we found some related to the auxin metabolism, response to oxidative stress, and detoxification, which are also promising for further functional validation studies.

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