scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of microRNAs in the Developing Seed of Linseed Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2708
Author(s):  
Tianbao Zhang ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Xiaxia Song ◽  
Lida Han ◽  
Limin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Developing Seed

Seed development plays an important role during the life cycle of plants. Linseed flax is an oil crop and the seed is a key organ for fatty acids synthesis and storage. So it is important to understand the molecular mechanism of fatty acid biosynthesis during seed development. In this study, four small RNA libraries from early seeds at 5, 10, 20 and 30 days after flowering (DAF) were constructed and used for high-throughput sequencing to identify microRNAs (miRNAs). A total of 235 miRNAs including 114 known conserved miRNAs and 121 novel miRNAs were identified. The expression patterns of these miRNAs in the four libraries were investigated by bioinformatics and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis. It was found that several miRNAs, including Lus-miRNA156a was significantly correlated with seed development process. In order to confirm the actual biological function of Lus-miRNA156a, over-expression vector was constructed and transformed to Arabidopsis. The phenotypes of homozygous transgenic lines showed decreasing of oil content and most of the fatty acid content in seeds as well as late flowering time. The results provided a clue that miRNA156a participating the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway and the detailed molecular mechanism of how it regulates the pathway needs to be further investigated.

The effect of cadmium on lipid and fatty acid biosynthesis in tomato leaves

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wided Ben Ammar ◽  
Issam Nouairi ◽  
Mokhtar Zarrouk ◽  
Fatma Jemal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Lipid Biosynthesis ◽  
Lipid Classes ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Tomato Plants

AbstractThis research aims to examine the effect of cadmium uptake on lipid composition and fatty acid biosynthesis, in young leaves of tomato treated seedlings (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Ibiza F1). Results in membrane lipids investigations revealed that high cadmium concentrations affect the main lipid classes, leading to strong changes in their composition and fatty acid content. Thus, the exposure of tomato plants to cadmium caused a concentration-related decrease in the unsaturated fatty acid content, resulting in a lower degree of fatty acid unsaturation. The level of lipid peroxides was significantly enhanced at high Cd concentrations. Studies of the lipid metabolism using radioactive labelling with [1-14C]acetate as a major precursor of lipid biosynthesis, showed that levels of radioactivity incorporation in total lipids as well as in all lipid classes were lowered by Cd doses. In total lipid fatty acids, [1-14C]acetate incorporation was reduced in tri-unsaturated fatty acids (C16:3 and C18:3); While it was enhanced in the palmitic (C16:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), stearic (C18:0) and linoleic (C18:2) acids. [1-14C]acetate incorporation into C16:3 and C18:3 of galactolipids [monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG)] and some phospholipids [phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG)] was inhibited by Cd stress. Our results showed that in tomato plants, cadmium stress provoked an inhibition of polar lipid biosynthesis and reduced fatty acid desaturation process.

scholarly journals A Soybean Acyl Carrier Protein, GmACP, Is Important for Root Nodule Symbiosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 415-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Katalin Tóth ◽  
Kiwamu Tanaka ◽  
Cuong T. Nguyen ◽  
Zhe Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carrier Protein ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Transgenic Roots

Legumes (members of family Fabaceae) establish a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria (rhizobia) to overcome nitrogen source limitation. Single root hair epidermal cells serve as the entry point for bacteria to infect the host root, leading to development of a new organ, the nodule, which the bacteria colonize. In the present study, the putative role of a soybean acyl carrier protein (ACP), GmACP (Glyma18g47950), was examined in nodulation. ACP represent an essential cofactor protein in fatty acid biosynthesis. Phylogenetic analysis of plant ACP protein sequences showed that GmACP was classified in a legume-specific clade. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that GmACP was expressed in all soybean tissues but showed higher transcript accumulation in nodule tissue. RNA interference-mediated gene silencing of GmACP resulted in a significant reduction in nodule numbers on soybean transgenic roots. Fluorescent protein-labeled GmACP was localized to plastids in planta, the site of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in plants. Analysis of the fatty acid content of root tissue silenced for GmACP expression, as determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, showed an approximately 22% reduction, specifically in palmitic and stearic acid. Taken together, our data provide evidence that GmACP plays an important role in nodulation.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis of Chelidonium majus elaiosomes and seeds provide insights into fatty acid biosynthesis

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayue Wu ◽  
Linlin Peng ◽  
Shubin Dong ◽  
Xiaofei Xia ◽  
Liangcheng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Chelidonium Majus ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Young Seed

Background Elaiosomes are specialized fleshy and edible seed appendages dispersed by ants. Lipids are the primary components of elaiosomes. Chelidonium majus is a well-known plant, the seeds of which are dispersed by ants. Previous studies have identified the presence of primary fatty acids in its elaiosomes and seeds. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying fatty acid biosynthesis in elaiosomes remain unknown. Methods In order to gain a comprehensive transcriptional profile of the elaiosomes and seeds of C. majus, and understand the expression patterns of genes associated with fatty acid biosynthesis, four different developmental stages, including the flower-bud (Ch01), flowering (Ch02), young seed (Ch03), and mature seed (Ch04) stages, were chosen to perform whole-transcriptome profiling through the RNA-seq technology (Illumina NGS sequencing). Results A total of 63,064 unigenes were generated from 12 libraries. Of these, 7,323, 258, and 11,540 unigenes were annotated with 25 Cluster of Orthologous Groups, 43 Gene Ontology terms, and 373 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, respectively. In addition, 322 genes were involved in lipid transport and metabolism, and 508 genes were involved in the lipid metabolism pathways. A total of 41 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the lipid metabolism pathways were identified, most of which were upregulated in Ch03 compared to Ch02, indicating that fatty acid biosynthesis primarily occurs during the flowering to the young seed stages. Of the DEGs, acyl-ACP thioesterases, acyl carrier protein desaturase (DESA1), and malonyl CoA-ACP transacylase were involved in palmitic acid synthesis; stearoyl-CoA desaturase and DESA1 were involved in oleic acid synthesis, and acyl-lipid omega-6 desaturase was involved in linoleic acid synthesis.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Profiles of Long Non-coding RNAs Involved in Fatty Acid Biosynthesis at Filling Stage of Soybean Pods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohan Ma ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Mohamed Khalifa ◽  
Meng Teng ◽  
Aijing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Low Linolenic

Abstract Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs of more than 200 nucleotides. To date, the roles of lncRNAs in soybean fatty acid synthesis have not been fully studied. Here, the low-linolenic acid ‘mutant 72’ (MT72) and the wild-type control ‘JiNong 18’(JN18) were used. Based on the previously published data on lncRNAs related RNA-seq in young pods of soybean 30 d to 40 d after flowering, lncRNAs and mRNAs from soybean pods 50 d after flowering were identified using high-throughput sequencing. The possible target genes of lncRNAs were predicted, and the functions related to fatty acid synthesis were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG).Results: A total of 10,500 lncRNAs and 54,370 mRNAs were identified, and 115 possible target genes of 1,805 differentially expressed lncRNAs were found to be involved in fatty acid synthesis. A network of lncRNAs and mRNAs was constructed, and a total of 604 lncRNAs and 1,484 mRNAs had regulatory relationships. Among them, 115 target genes of 77 lncRNAs were directly or indirectly involved in fatty acid biosynthesis.Conclusions: The function related to fatty acid synthesis was predicted by differential expression of the target gene mRNAs interacting with lncRNAs. In conclusion, our results provide a theoretical basis for studies on fatty acid synthesis of lncRNAs in soybean.

scholarly journals Seed development and hydroxy fatty acid biosynthesis in Physaria lindheimeri

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Q. Chen ◽  
Timothy J. Riiff ◽  
Kumiko Johnson ◽  
Eva Morales ◽  
Hyun Uk Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Hydroxy Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis

scholarly journals LC-MS/MS Based Metabolomics Reveal Candidate Biomarkers and Metabolic Changes in Different Buffalo Species

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
Wen Shi ◽  
Xiang Yuan ◽  
Kuiqing Cui ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Penghui Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Murrah Buffalo ◽  
Mechanism Research ◽  
Negative Electrospray Ionization

Consumers have shown more and more interest in high-quality and healthy dairy products and buffalo milk is commercially more viable than other milks in producing superior dairy products due to its higher contents of fat, crude protein, and total solids. Metabolomics is one of the most powerful strategies in molecular mechanism research however, little study has been focused on the milk metabolites in different buffalo species. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of the fatty synthesis and candidate biomarkers by analyzing the metabolomic profiles. Milk of three groups of buffaloes, including 10 Mediterranean, 12 Murrah, and 10 crossbred buffaloes (Murrah × local swamp buffalo), were collected and UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS was used to obtain the metabolomic profiles. Results showed that milk fatty acid in Mediterranean buffalo was significantly higher than Murrah buffalo and crossbred buffalo. A total of 1837/726 metabolites was identified in both positive and negative electrospray ionization (ESI±) mode, including 19 significantly different metabolites between Mediterranean and Murrah buffalo, and 18 different metabolites between Mediterranean and crossbred buffalo. We found 11 of the different metabolites were both significantly different between Mediterranean vs. Murrah group and Mediterranean vs crossbred group, indicating that they can be used as candidate biomarkers of Mediterranean buffalo milk. Further analysis found that the different metabolites were mainly enriched in fat synthesis related pathways such as fatty acid biosynthesis, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, and linoleic acid metabolism, indicating that the priority of different pathways affected the milk fat content in different buffalo species. These specific metabolites may be used as biomarkers in the identification of milk quality and molecular breeding of high milk fat buffalo.

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